The Prevalence of Autoimmune Diseases Among Children With Type I Diabetes Mellitus.

Background Type I diabetes mellitus (T1DM) is a prevalent chronic illness that typically manifests in childhood. In patients who are genetically predisposed to diabetes, complex interactions between environmental and genetic factors play a role in the development of type 1 diabetes. There is proof that the onset of type 1 diabetes raises the possibility of developing additional autoimmune conditions.

Community Awareness and Perceptions of Genitourinary Malformations: A Cross-Sectional Survey Study.

Background And Objectives: On a local and national scale, genitourinary malformations (GUMs) are the second most encountered congenital anomaly in children. GUMs are linked to several risk factors, including maternal co-morbidities and insufficient folic acid. They may also be related to maternal health and care during pregnancy.

Awareness, Beliefs, and Psychological Impact of Patients with Alopecia Areata in Saudi Arabia: A Multi-Center Study.

Purpose: Alopecia Areata (AA) is a complex autoimmune condition characterized by long-term inflammatory non-scarring patches of hair loss on the face, scalp, and body. Its development involves a combination of genetic, immunological, and environmental factors, making it challenging to understand and treat. This study aims to assess the awareness, beliefs, and psychological impact of patients with Alopecia Areata.

The efficacy and safety of oral and vaginal misoprostol versus dinoprostone on women experiencing labor: A systematic review and updated meta-analysis of 53 randomized controlled trials.

Background: Induction of labor is the process of artificially stimulating the uterus to start labor before the spontaneous onset of labor. It has several medical indications. Commonly used agents are vaginal misoprostol, vaginal prostaglandin E2 (dinoprostone), and oral misoprostol.

The Saudi Community View of the Use of Artificial Intelligence in Health Care.

Objectives: Artificial intelligence (AI) holds the promise to revolutionize the field of medicine and enhance the well-being of countless patients. Its capabilities span various areas, including disease prevention, accurate diagnosis, and the development of innovative treatments. Moreover, AI has the potential to streamline health-care delivery and lower expenses.

Efficacy and Safety of Laser Therapy on Ischemic Central Retinal Vein Occlusion: A Systematic Review and Analysis of Clinical Studies.

Many studies have evaluated different treatments for ischemic central retinal vein occlusion (CRVO). Nevertheless, improvement and complication rates vary significantly. This systematic review aimed to evaluate the efficacy of laser therapy in treating ischemic CRVO compared with a control group using other treatments.

Effects of a gamified learning environment on students' achievement, motivations, and satisfaction.

This paper aims to investigate the effects of a gamified e-learning environment on computer science learning for middle school students. An e-learning gamification environment was developed and implemented in 8th grade to examine its effects on improving learners' achievement, motivation, and satisfaction to learn computer science online. The study was conducted during the COVID-19 pandemic, where physical distancing was required, which made the conditions very suitable for achieving the goal of this study because teaching was conducted online through an e-learning platform.

Biological alterations in renal and hepatic tissues by a novel gold (III) anti-cancerous compound.

Objectives: Newer organo-metallic, specifically gold (III) complexes with multiple ligands are currently being formulated with primary focus of having increased anti-cancerous properties and decreased cytotoxicity. In this study, histological toxicity profile of a newly formulated anti-cancerous gold (III) compound [trans-(±)-1,2-(DACH)Au]Cl Bis(trans-1,2-Diaminocyclohexane) was investigated by evaluation of kidney and liver tissues of rats treated by the compound.

Materials And Methods: This is a quasi-experimental study.

Histological changes in kidney and liver of rats due to gold (III) compound [Au(en)Cl(2)]Cl.

Introduction: Development of novel metallodrugs with enhanced anti-proliferative potential and reduced toxicity has become the prime focus of the evolving medicinal chemistry. In this regards, gold (III) complexes with various ligands are being extensively investigated. In the current study renal and hepatic toxicity of a newly developed gold (III) compound [Au(en)Cl(2)]Cl was assessed by histopathological evaluation of liver and kidney specimens of rats exposed to the compound.

Oral and intraperitoneal LD50 of thymoquinone, an active principle of Nigella sativa, in mice and rats.

Background: Thymoquinone is the major active principle of Nigella sativa (N. sativa) and constitutes about 30% of its volatile oil or ether extract. N.

Treatment of cutaneous leishmaniasis with antimony: intramuscular versus intralesional administration.

The various methods used to treat cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) have not given consistent results. The aim of the present study was to compare the efficacy of a solution of meglumine antimoniate (MA; 85 mg Sb/ml) given intralesionally (i.l.

Studies on the antimicrobial activity of juglans regia.

Juglans regia L. bark is used in some countries as a toothbrush and as a dye for coloring the lips for cosmetic purposes. Its extract showed a broad spectrum antimicrobial activity in a dose dependent manner.

A randomized, double-blind, clinical trial of topical clotrimazole versus miconazole for treatment of cutaneous leishmaniasis in the eastern province of Saudi Arabia.

The parenteral treatment currently available for cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) is painful and potentially exposes patients to serious side effects. Thus, effective, topical therapy would be valuable. We assessed the efficacy of topical 1% clotrimazole and 2% miconazole creams in relation to early healing of lesions in CL in a randomized, double-blind clinical trial in 54 patients with 151 lesions treated for 30 consecutive days.

Fatal anaphylactic reaction to diclofenac.

A case of apparent anaphylactic reaction to diclofenac sodium (Voltaren) is reported. A 45-year-old man collapsed 15 min after intramuscular injection of diclofenac for treatment of low back pain. Twenty minutes following successful resuscitation, he went into coma from which he never recovered and was pronounced dead on the following day.

Alkohl use in Saudi Arabia. Extent of use and possible lead toxicity.

The extent of alkohl use, its lead content and blood lead levels after use were investigated. A total of 500 individuals were interviewed. It was observed that 233 (47%) had used alkohl.

Subacute toxicity of pentavalent antimony compounds in rats.

A subacute toxicity study of pentavalent antimony (Sb) compounds, sodium stibogluconate (SSG) and meglumine antimoniate (MA) was carried out in rats. Three groups of 10 rats each were treated with saline (control group), 300 mg Sb kg-1 d-1 or 900 mg Sb kg-1 d-1 of SSG for 30 d. A parallel study of similar type was conducted for MA.

The role of pharmacists in patients' education on medication.

The pharmacist, as the last health professional to come into contact with the patient, plays a vital role in patient education on drug use. The objective of this study was to assess the extent of pharmacists' involvement in the education of patients on drug use. Five hundred patients were interviewed.

The effect of dextran on the pharmacokinetics of lignocaine during epidural anaesthesia.

The clinical significance of combining local anaesthetics with dextran is controversial. Although a number of investigators have found that dextran can prolong the action of local anaesthetics, others have not been able to demonstrate any significant change in the duration of anaesthesia. A study was carried out to investigate the effect of dextran on the pharmacokinetic behaviour of lignocaine during epidural anaesthesia in 20 adult male patients, who were randomly allocated to two treatment groups: group 1 (n = 10) was given lignocaine-dextran; group 2 (n = 10) was given lignocaine-saline.

Evaluation of topical ketoconazole in cutaneous leishmaniasis.

The efficacy of topical ketoconazole in cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) caused by L. major was assessed in an open trial. Ten patients with twenty two lesions of CL, confirmed by smear/or biopsy, were recruited into the study.