Activation of Endothelial Large Conductance Potassium Channels Protects against TNF-α-Induced Inflammation.

Elevated TNF-α levels in serum and broncho-alveolar lavage fluid of acute lung injury patients correlate with mortality rates. We hypothesized that pharmacological plasma membrane potential (Em) hyperpolarization protects against TNF-α-induced CCL-2 and IL-6 secretion from human pulmonary endothelial cells through inhibition of inflammatory Ca-dependent MAPK pathways. Since the role of Ca influx in TNF-α-mediated inflammation remains poorly understood, we explored the role of L-type voltage-gated Ca (Ca) channels in TNF-α-induced CCL-2 and IL-6 secretion from human pulmonary endothelial cells.

Activation of TREK-1 () potassium channels protects against influenza A-induced lung injury.

Influenza-A virus (IAV) infects yearly an estimated one billion people worldwide, resulting in 300,000-650,000 deaths. Preventive vaccination programs and antiviral medications represent the mainstay of therapy, but with unacceptably high morbidity and mortality rates, new targeted therapeutic approaches are urgently needed. Since inflammatory processes are commonly associated with measurable changes in the cell membrane potential (Em), we investigated whether Em hyperpolarization via TREK-1 () K channel activation can protect against influenza-A virus (IAV)-induced pneumonia.

K2.1 (TREK-1) potassium channel activation protects against hyperoxia-induced lung injury.

No targeted therapies exist to counteract Hyperoxia (HO)-induced Acute Lung Injury (HALI). We previously found that HO downregulates alveolar K2.1 (TREK-1) K channels, which results in worsening lung injury.

BK Channels Regulate LPS-induced CCL-2 Release from Human Pulmonary Endothelial Cells.

We recently established a role for the stretch-activated two-pore-domain K (K2P) channel TREK-1 (K2P2.1) in inflammatory cytokine secretion using models of hyperoxia-, mechanical stretch-, and TNF-α-induced acute lung injury. We have now discovered the expression of large conductance, Ca-activated K (BK) channels in human pulmonary microvascular endothelial cells and primary human alveolar epithelial cells using semiquantitative real-time PCR, IP and Western blot, and investigated their role in inflammatory cytokine secretion using an LPS-induced acute lung injury model.

Isolation of Myoepithelial Cells from Adult Murine Lacrimal and Submandibular Glands.

The lacrimal gland (LG) is an exocrine tubuloacinar gland that secretes an aqueous layer of tear film. The LG epithelial tree is comprised of acinar, ductal epithelial, and myoepithelial cells (MECs). MECs express alpha smooth muscle actin (αSMA) and have a contractile function.

Oscillations of MyoD and Hes1 proteins regulate the maintenance of activated muscle stem cells.

The balance between proliferation and differentiation of muscle stem cells is tightly controlled, ensuring the maintenance of a cellular pool needed for muscle growth and repair. We demonstrate here that the transcriptional regulator Hes1 controls the balance between proliferation and differentiation of activated muscle stem cells in both developing and regenerating muscle. We observed that Hes1 is expressed in an oscillatory manner in activated stem cells where it drives the oscillatory expression of MyoD.

Myoepithelial cell-driven acini contraction in response to oxytocin receptor stimulation is impaired in lacrimal glands of Sjögren's syndrome animal models.

The purpose of the present studies was to investigate the impact of chronic inflammation of the lacrimal gland, as occurs in Sjögren's syndrome, on the morphology and function of myoepithelial cells (MECs). In spite of the importance of MECs for lacrimal gland function, the effect of inflammation on MECs has not been well defined. We studied changes in MEC structure and function in two animal models of aqueous deficient dry eye, NOD and MRL/lpr mice.

[Comparison of Direct Stenting Versus Stending After Pre-Dilation in ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction].

Aim: To study was to assess in-hospital outcomes of direct coronary stenting (DS) compared with stenting after predilation (PD) in patients with ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI).

Material And Methods: Data were collected from all patients (n=1103) with STEMI subjected to primary PCI in Tyumen cardiology center from 2006 to 2014. The clinical and angiographic characteristics, in-hospital outcomes, as well as predictors of no-reflow phenomenon were analyzed.

Manipulation of Panx1 Activity Increases the Engraftment of Transplanted Lacrimal Gland Epithelial Progenitor Cells.

Purpose: Sjögren's syndrome is a systemic chronic autoimmune inflammatory disease that primarily targets the salivary and lacrimal glands (LGs). Currently there is no cure; therefore, cell-based regenerative therapy may be a viable option. LG inflammation is facilitated by extracellular ATP and mediated by the Pannexin-1 (Panx1) membrane channel glycoprotein.

[The clinical and pharmacokinetic features of lymphotropic therapy in patients with new-onset pulmonary tuberculosis].

Regional lymphotropic therapy used in complex treatment of patients with new-onset pulmonary tuberculosis enhances its efficiency. It is well tolerated by patients and easy-to-use. The pharmacokinetic feature of isoniazid during its lymphotropic administration is its shorter elimination half-life, decreased total clearance, and a larger area under the pharmacokinetic curve.

[Indicators of lipid peroxidation in rat liver mitochondria after exposing them to some xenobiotics and the action of low dose radiation].

The contents of primary and secondary products of lipid peroxidation in rat liver mitochondria through 1, 7 and 15 days after gamma-irradiation in a dose 0.5 Gy on a background of consumption of sodium nitrate, sodium nitrite and nitrosodiethylamine was investigated. Is was shown, that gamma-irradiation on a background of sodium nitrate, sodium nitrite and nitrosodiethylamine modified effects of nitrocompounds on speed of lipid peroxidation.

[The combined action of ionizing radiation and nitro compounds on the activity of the basic enzymes of glutamic acid metabolism].

The activity of aspartate aminotransferase, glutamate dehydrogenase in the liver of rats in 1, 7 and 15 days after gamma irradiation effect of the dose of 0.5 Gy on the background of consumption by animals of sodium nitrate, sodium nitrite and nitrosodiethylamine was studied. The combined influence of chemical agents and gamma irradiation modified the effects of nitro compounds-xenobiotics on processes of the synthesis and dissociation of the glutamic acid as well as the intensity of transamination of the reamination by aspartate aminotransferase.

[Effect of low-energy laser radiation on lipid peroxidation intensity].

Local effect of low-energy laser radiation was shown to alter the rate of lipid peroxidation in rat liver tissue which was manifested as a weak accumulation of primary and secondary lipid peroxidation products. The laser radiation effect proved to be generalized as the content of lipid peroxidation products was similarly altered both in liver tissue and in blood regardless of the radiation site.

[Clinical aspects and outcome of recurrent pulmonary tuberculosis].

Recurrent tuberculosis was treated in hospital in 86 patients, 82.7% of whom had destructive disease, while 84.0% disseminated the bacteria.

[Aspartate aminotransferase and glutamate dehydrogenase activity in the rat brain during infrared laser exposure].

In experiments in vivo it was shown that upon low-intensity infrared irradiation changes in the activity of main enzymes of glutamic acid metabolism are a function of time of exposure and flux density.

[Modification with dyes of the effects of laser irradiation on various enzymes of glutamic acid metabolism].

In the in vivo experiments it has been shown that a mixture of low-intensity helium-neon laser radiation and dyes modifies the effect of laser radiation on the activity of basic enzymes of glutamic acid metabolism.

[Catecholamine content and acetylcholinesterase activity in the brain of rats exposed to lasers].

The catecholamine content was quantitated and acetylcholinesterase activity determined in rat brain locally exposed to laser radiation. It was shown that the adrenaline/noradrenaline ratio changed in the tissues under study and the cholinergic system was involved in the abscopal effect of laser radiation.

[Effect of continuous and modulated laser radiation on the activity of enzymes of glutamic acid metabolism in rat tissues].

A comparative study was made of the effect of continuous and modulated laser radiation on activity of aspartate aminotransferase and glutamate dehydrogenase in the brain and liver of rats. The impulse laser radiation has proved to be most effective with respect to the parameters under study at modulation frequencies of 10 and 50 Hz.