Short-Term Soil Flushing with Tannic Acid and Its Effect on Metal Mobilization and Selected Properties of Calcareous Soil.

Cadmium, Cu, Ni, Pb, and Zn removal via soil flushing with tannic acid (TA) as a plant biosurfactant was studied. The soil was treated for 30 h in a column reactor at a constant TA concentration and pH (3%, pH 4) and at variable TA flow rates (0.5 mL/min or 1 mL/min).

Composting versus mechanical-biological treatment: Does it really make a difference in the final product parameters and maturity.

One of crucial waste management problems is the management of organic waste. This activity employs the composting. In case of green waste, its application seems reasonable, whereas the use of selected mixed waste raises problems related to the compost quality.

Tannic acid for remediation of historically arsenic-contaminated soils.

Soil washing effectively and permanently decreases soil pollution. Thus, it can be considered for the removal of the most toxic elements, for example arsenic (As). In this study, historically As-contaminated soils (2041-4294 mg/kg) were remediated with tannic acid (TA) as the washing agent.

Properties of biochars from conventional and alternative feedstocks and their suitability for metal immobilization in industrial soil.

In contaminated soils, excessive concentrations of metals and their high mobility pose a serious environmental risk. A suitable soil amendment can minimize the negative effect of metals in soil. This study investigated the effect of different biochars on metal (Cu, Pb, Zn) immobilization in industrial soil.

Phytoextraction of Cd and Zn as single or mixed pollutants from soil by rape (Brassica napus).

This paper analyses the capacity of the rape (Brassica napus) to extract Cd and Zn from the soil and the effect of these metals on the morphometric parameters of the plant (length, weight, surface area, fractal dimension of leaves). Rape plants were mostly affected by the combined toxicity of the Cd and Zn mixture that caused a significant reduction in the rate of seed germination, the plant biomass quantity and the fractal dimension. In the case of Cd soil pollution, the bioaccumulation factor (BAF), bioaccumulation coefficient (BAC) as well as the heavy metal root-to-stalk translocation factor (TF) were determined.

Behaviors of heavy metals (Cd, Cu, Ni, Pb and Zn) in soil amended with composts.

This study investigated how amendment with sewage sludge compost of different maturation times (3, 6, 12 months) affected metal (Cd, Cu, Ni, Pb, Zn) bioavailability, fractionation and redistribution in highly contaminated sandy clay soil. Metal transformations during long-term soil stabilization (35 months) were determined. In the contaminated soil, Cd, Ni and Zn were predominately in the exchangeable and reducible fractions, Pb in the reducible fraction and Cu in the reducible, exchangeable and oxidizable fractions.

Feasibility of using humic substances from compost to remove heavy metals (Cd, Cu, Ni, Pb, Zn) from contaminated soil aged for different periods of time.

There is a need for inexpensive, readily-available and environmentally-friendly soil washing agents to remediate polluted soils. Thus, batch washing experiments were performed to evaluate the feasibility of using a solution of humic substances (HS) extracted from compost as a washing agent for simultaneous removal of Cu, Cd, Zn, Pb and Ni from artificially contaminated soils aged for 1 month, 12 months and 24 months. The efficiency of metal removal in single and multiple washings and kinetic constants (equilibrium metal concentration qe and rate constant k from the second-order kinetic equation) were determined.

Humic substances from sewage sludge compost as washing agent effectively remove Cu and Cd from soil.

Although commercially available biosurfactants are environmentally friendly and effectively remove heavy metals from soil, they are costly. Therefore, this study investigated whether inexpensive humic substances (HS) from sewage sludge compost could effectively remove copper (Cu) and cadmium (Cd) from highly contaminated sandy clay loam (S1) and clay (S2). The optimum HS concentration and pH were determined, as well process kinetics.

Tannic acid and saponin for removing arsenic from brownfield soils: Mobilization, distribution and speciation.

Plant biosurfactants were used for the first time to remove As and co-existing metals from brownfield soils. Tannic acid (TA), a polyphenol, and saponin (SAP), a glycoside were tested. The soil washing experiments were performed in batch conditions at constant biosurfactant concentration (3%).

The usability of the IR, RAC and MRI indices of heavy metal distribution to assess the environmental quality of sewage sludge composts.

To assess the environmental quality of compost, it is insufficient to use only total metal concentration. Therefore in this study, the stability of metals in compost and the environmental risk they pose were assessed by three indices that have been proposed for soils or sediments: the IR, the RAC and the MRI. In mature composts, the highest bonding intensity was for Ni (0.

Metal (Cu, Cd and Zn) removal and stabilization during multiple soil washing by saponin.

The influence of multiple saponin washing on copper, cadmium and zinc removal and stability in three types of soils (loamy sand, loam, silty clay) was investigated. Distribution of metals and their mobility measured as the ratio of exchangeable form to the sum of all fractions in soils was differential. After single washing the highest efficiency of metal removal was obtained in loamy sand (82-90%) and loam (67-88%), whereas the lowest in silty clay (39-62%).