Isokinetic and functional shoulder outcomes after arthroscopic capsulolabral stabilization.

Introduction: Shoulder stability is secured by dynamic and static stabilizers. Rotator cuff is responsible for dynamic stabilization. In cases of shoulder instability their activity is disturbed.

The outcome of open elbow arthrolysis: comparison of four different approaches based on one hundred cases.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to evaluate the results of elbow arthrolysis according to the surgical approach, durability after arthrolysis and the severity of contracture.

Methods: The study includes a cohort of 100 consecutive patients treated in our institution between 1986 and 2008. The indication for surgery was loss of mobility.

PNUTS (phosphatase nuclear targeting subunit) inhibits retinoblastoma-directed PP1 activity.

Protein phosphatase type 1 catalytic subunit (PP1c) is a serine/threonine phosphatase involved in the dephosphorylation of many proteins in eukaryotic cells. It associates with several known targeting or regulatory subunits that directly regulate PP1c activity toward specific substrates. The recently identified Phosphatase Nuclear Targeting Subunit (PNUTS) binds to PP1c and inhibits PP1 activity toward phosphorylase a.

Hypoxia stimulates p16 expression and association with cdk4.

Exposure of CV-1P cells to hypoxic conditions causes cell proliferation inhibition concomitant with the accumulation of pRb in the hypophosphorylated, growth suppressive form. This is in part due to inhibition of pRb-directed cdk4 and cdk2 activity. In this study we attempted to elucidate the mechanism by which cdk4 is inactivated under hypoxic conditions.