The Effect of Neoglandin on the Activity of N-Acetyl-β-D-Hexosaminidase in the Serum and Urine of Alcohol-Dependent Men.

Unlabelled: Dietary supplementation of gamma-linolenic acid (GLA) in the form of a commercial drug neoglandin (containing GLA and vitamin E), in people following alcohol abuse allows bypassing of the ineffective delta-6-desaturase system involved in the transformation of linoleic acid into GLA. Determination of the activity of N-acetyl-β-D-hexosaminidase (HEX) in the serum and urine reflects neoglandin action on the catabolism of glycoconjugates and the functioning of liver and kidneys in people following alcohol abuse.

Material And Methods: The serum and urine were collected from men with alcohol dependence, treated ( = 31, age 33.

Impact of Isolation on Adenoid Size and Symptoms in Preschool Children Who Previously Qualified for Adenoidectomy: A Case-Control Study.

Objectives: To analyze the role of factors that influence adenoid-related symptoms, and the influence of 3 months of isolation in preschool children who were qualified for adenoidectomy.

Methods: This was a cohort study of the impact of 3 months of isolation on children aged 3 to 6 years with adenoid-related symptoms and endoscopically confirmed grade II and III adenoid hypertrophy. The children had previously qualified for adenoidectomy.

Activity of lysosomal exoglycosidases in the urine of healthy normotensive and pre-hypertensive children.

Purpose: We investigated the relationship between blood pressure (BP) and the activity of lysosomal exoglycosidases: N-acetyl-β-hexosaminidase (HEX), its isoenzymes A (HEX A) and B (HEX B), α-fucosidase (FUC), β-galactosidase (GAL), β-glucuronidase (GLU) and α-mannosidase (MAN) in pre-hypertensive (high normal blood pressure - HNBP) and normal blood pressure (NBP) children.

Material And Methods: The study was carried out with urine samples collected from 176 children, aged 6-17.9 years, divided into 2 groups: 42 HNBP and 134 NBP subjects.

Reference Data on Neonatal Serum N-Acetyl--hexosaminidase Activity.

Background: Determination of neonate serum's N-acetyl--hexosaminidase (HEX) activity and correlation results with Apgar scale and factors routinely determined in newborn serum.

Aims: Providing reference values of neonates serum HEX activities, and indicate their diagnostic significance.

Study Design: The study was performed using random serum samples of 111 infants (53 ♂/58 ♀), aged 1-30 days.

Optimization of the method for α-l-fucosidase, β-d-galactosidase and β-d-glucuronidase determination in serum from hemolyzed blood.

Purpose: Adaptation of the colorimetric method for the determination of β-d-galactosidase, β-d-glucuronidase and α-l-fucosidase activities in serums from hemolyzed blood, the material currently being discarded.

Materials And Methods: The materials included serums from hemolyzed and non-hemolyzed blood, obtained from 26 healthy volunteers. The adaptation of the method involved precipitation of the proteins with trichloroacetic acid after incubating serums with substrates, but before determining the products of enzymatic reactions.

Serum Exoglycosidases in Children and Adolescents With Harmful Alcohol Use.

Objective: There is a lack of accurate alcohol-use biomarkers in children/adolescents due to a short drinking duration/rapid normalization of elevated markers. We checked if lysosomal exoglycosidases, elevated earlier in binge-drinking young adults, can be applicable in children/adolescents as markers of harmful alcohol use.

Methods: The serum activities (pKat/mL) of α-fucosidase (FUC), β-galactosidase (GAL), β-glucuronidase (GLU), β-hexosaminidase (HEX; its HEX A and HEX B isoenzymes), and α-mannosidase (MAN) were determined in 20 healthy controls (C) and 25 children/adolescents with harmful alcohol use (intoxicated by alcohol at hospital admission -AI1 and on the next day -AI2).

Urinary exoglycosidases, reference values in healthy children.

Purpose: The purpose of the study was to determine the effect of age on lysosomal exoglycosidase activities: α-fucosidase, β-galactosidase, β-glucuronidase and α-mannosidase in healthy children and adolescents.

Material And Methods: Urine samples were collected from 203 healthy children and adolescents (girls = 99, boys = 104), aged six months to 17.9 years.

Salivary immune proteins monitoring can help detection of binge and chronic alcohol drinkers: Preliminary findings.

Background: We compared effects of binge and chronic alcohol drinking on oral health and salivary immunity proteins.

Methods: The study involved males: 13 healthy social-drinking (C), 10 alcohol-dependent after chronic alcohol-intoxication (A), and 8 binge-drinkers after a single binge-drinking session (B). We compared periodontal/dental state and salivary immune proteins (lactoferrin -Lf, lysozyme -Lz, oral peroxidase -OPO, immunoglobulin A -IgA) in all groups.

Pediatric reference data on activity of urinary N-acetyl-β-D-hexosaminidase and its isoenzymes.

Purpose: The objective of the study was to establish age - dependent values of the urinary lysosomal exoglycosidases activities: N-acetyl-β-D-hexosaminidase (HEX) and its isoenzyme A (HEX A) as well as isoenzyme B (HEX B) in healthy children and adolescents.

Material And Methods: The study was performed using a random sample of 203 healthy children and adolescents (girls=99, boys=104), aged six months to 17.9 years.

Long-term changes of salivary exoglycosidases and their applicability as chronic alcohol-drinking and dependence markers.

Objectives: Investigation of long-term dynamic changes of salivary activity/output of exoglycosidases, deglycosylation processes and their applicability as alcohol markers.

Methods: Exoglycosidase (α-fucosidase (FUC), β-galactosidase (GAL), β-glucuronidase (GLU), β-hexosaminidase (HEX, HEX A and HEX B isoenzymes) and α-mannosidase (MAN)) activities were measured in the saliva of healthy social drinking controls (C), alcohol-dependent non-smokers (ANS) and alcohol-dependent smokers (AS) at the 1st, 15th, 30th and 50th day of abstinence after chronic alcohol drinking.

Results: The activity of exoglycosidases was 2-3-fold (MAN), 2-6 fold (FUC), 8-25-fold (HEX A) and 19-40-fold (GLU) higher in the ANS and AS groups than in controls, and had good/excellent sensitivity, specificity and accuracy.

Prevention of pancreatic cancer.

Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDA) accounts for 95% of all pancreatic cancers. About 230,000 PDA cases are diagnosed worldwide each year. PDA has the lowest five-year survival rate as compared to others cancers.

Determination of N-acetyl-β-hexosaminidase in serum from hemolyzed blood.

Background: Determination of lysosomal N-acetyl-β-hexosaminidase (HEX) in serum from hemolyzed blood, creates serious analytical problems, because hemoglobin absorbs light at a similar wavelength like 4-nitrophenol, which is released from artificial substrate.

Objective: The objective of the work was to adapt a manual method to allow analysis of HEX in hemolyzed samples.

Methods: Serums without and with hemolysis were incubated with 4-nitrophenol-N-acetylglucosamine as a substrate.

Renal carnitine excretion following abstinence after chronic drinking.

Purpose: Carnitine participates in the metabolism of lipids and cognitive activity. Excessive consumption of alcohol disturbes renal tubular canalicules, that increases urinary excretion of carnitine and its esters. The study evaluates restoration of the urinary free- and total carnitine as well as acylcarnitine excretion after chronic drinking and during the 49-days of controlled abstinence.

Fibroblast-Like Synovial Cells in Rheumatoid Arthritis--the Impact of Infliximab on Hexosaminidase Activity.

Background: The effect of multiple infusions of infliximab (INF), a chimeric anti-tumor necrosis factor alpha antibody, on the concentration of hexosaminidase (HEX) activity in a synovial cell culture derived from human synovial inflamed fluid obtained from patients suffering from rheumatoid arthritis (RA) has been evaluated.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to prove INF efficacy in RA.

Material And Methods: Inflamed synovial fluid was taken from RA patients (a study group) and patients who had undergone knee trauma within 7 days (a control group).

Serum β-glucuronidase as a potential colon cancer marker: a preliminary study.

Aim: Colorectal cancer is characterized by high morbidity and mortality in developed countries. The lack of low-cost, easy-to-use screening diagnostic methods is one of the causes of late diagnosis of colorectal cancer. Beta-glucuronidase (GLU) is a lysosomal exoglycosidase involved in degradation of glycosaminoglycans of the cell membranes and extracellular matrix of normal and cancerous colon tissues.

Salivary alcohol dehydrogenase in non-smoking and smoking alcohol-dependent persons.

Increasing attention to the importance of saliva testing is not surprising because smoking and alcohol drinking act synergistically on oral tissues, and their metabolite levels, e.g., acetaldehyde, are much higher in saliva than in blood.

The diagnostics of colorectal cancer.

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most frequent human malignant neoplasms. CRC has an estimated incidence of more than 1,000,000 new cases annually worldwide. Approximately one out of three people who develop CRC dies from the disease.

Determination of lysosomal exoglycosidases in human saliva.

Background: Currently we observe a growing interest in human saliva as a non-invasive material for diagnosis and monitoring of general and oral diseases.

Methods: The aim of our study was adaptation of the Marciniak et al. (Marciniak J, Zalewska A, Popko J, Zwierz K, 2006, Clin Chem Lab Med 44: 933-937) method for determination of HEX and GLU activity in synovial fluid, and for determination of: HEX and GLU, as well as MAN, GAL, and FUC activity in human saliva.

Salivary exoglycosidases as markers of alcohol dependence.

Background: Some salivary markers of alcohol abuse/dependence have been proposed so far: aminotransferases, gamma-glutamyltransferase, ethanol, ethyl glucuronide, ethyl sulfate, sialic acid, β-hexosaminidase A, oral peroxidase, methanol, diethylene/ethylene glycol, α-amylase, clusterin, haptoglobin, heavy/light chains of immunoglobulins and transferrin.

Aim: To investigate the effect of chronic alcohol drinking and smoking on the activity (pKat/ml) and output (pKat/min) of salivary lysosomal exoglycosidases: α-fucosidase (FUC), α-mannosidase (MAN), β-galactosidase (GAL), and β-glucuronidase (GLU), and their applicability as markers of alcohol dependence.

Methods: The activity of FUC, MAN, GAL and GLU was measured colorimetrically in the saliva of healthy social drinkers, alcohol-dependent non-smokers and alcohol-dependent smokers.

The activity of N-acetyl-β-d-hexosaminidase A and B and β-glucuronidase in nasal polyps and hypertrophic nasal concha.

Unlabelled: Nasal polyps and hypertrophic lower nasal conchae are common disorders of nasal cavity. The majority of etiopathogenetic theories indicate inflammatory background of polyps and hypertrophic concha. N-acetyl-β-D-hexosaminidase and β-glucuronidase are lysosomal exoglycosidases revealing accelerated activity in inflammatory processes.

The role of carnitine in the perinatal period.

Carnitine (2-hydroxy-4-trimethylammonium butyrate, vitamin BT) is a small hydrophilic molecule derived from protein-bound lysine, not degraded in the body but excreted via urine, bile and breast milk. Carnitine stimulates the catabolism of long-chain fatty acids (FAs), by transporting them to mitochondria for oxidation, and the intracellular decomposition of branched-chain ketoacids. It also helps to excrete toxic exogenous and nontoxic endogenous organic acids via urine.

Salivary exoglycosidases in the detection of early onset of salivary gland involvement in rheumatoid arthritis.

Introduction: The aim of the present study was to evaluate the possibility of making use of the specific activity of N-acetyl-β-hexosaminidase, its isoenzymes and β-glucuronidase--potential indicators of salivary gland damage--in the detection of early onset of salivary gland impairment in RA, which is also demonstrated by xerostomia.

Material/methods: For this purpose RA xerostomic salivary patients (unstimulated salivary flow >0.1 mL/min) were compared with RA xerostomic hyposalivary patients (unstimulated salivary flow ≤0.

Activity of alpha-fucosidase and beta-glucuronidase in serum and urine of patients administered parenteral nutrition.

Background: In hospital patients suffering from adverse clinical and biochemical symptoms of malnutrition, it is often necessary to employ parenteral nutrition to avoid the body's tissue becoming broken down by being metabolised. Thus, the patient's welfare and survival can be supported throughout any periods of medical crisis. Two of the enzymes responsible for metabolising glycoconjugates are alpha-fucosidase (FUC) and beta-glucuronidase (GLU), present in lysosomes.

The salivary β-HEX A% index as an excellent marker of periodontitis in smoking alcohol-dependent persons.

Background: Severe periodontitis leading to tooth loss is found in 5-15% of most populations worldwide.

Aim: The applicability of salivary β -hexosaminidase (β-HEX A%, percentage of β-HEX A isoenzyme to total β-HEX) and β-HEX B% (β-HEX B/β-HEX) indexes was investigated as a possible marker of periodontitis.

Methods: Thirty three alcohol-dependent smokers (AS) and 32 healthy controls (C) were enrolled in the study.