Mid- and far-infrared localized surface plasmon resonances in chalcogen-hyperdoped silicon.

Plasmonic sensing in the infrared region employs the direct interaction of the vibrational fingerprints of molecules with the plasmonic resonances, creating surface-enhanced sensing platforms that are superior to traditional spectroscopy. However, the standard noble metals used for plasmonic resonances suffer from high radiative losses as well as fabrication challenges, such as tuning the spectral resonance positions into mid- to far-infrared regions, and the compatibility issue with the existing complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS) manufacturing platform. Here, we demonstrate the occurrence of mid-infrared localized surface plasmon resonances (LSPR) in thin Si films hyperdoped with the known deep-level impurity tellurium.

Applicability of the constitutive equations for the determination of the material properties of optically active materials.

For the description of the optical response of optically active media, different constitutive equations have been proposed and are still used in literature. Here, we demonstrate on potassium titanyl phosphate (KTiOPO) by means of ellipsometry that only the symmetric constitutive equation describes the observed spectra properly and allows the unique determination of the gyration tensor.

[The vermillion border of the lips as the object of medico-criminalistics expertise].

The objective of the present work was to study biometric characteristics of the vermillion border of the lips and estimate the possibility of their use for personality identification. Photographs of the lips obtained from the archive of the Department of Forensic Medical Personality Identification, Russian Centre of Forensic Medical Expertise, were analysed with the use of the specially developed ALips 2.0 software.

[Biometric method for the description of the head of an unrecognized corpse for the purpose of personality individualization and identification].

We have determined absolute dimensions of the head and the relationship between the dimensions of its selected parts. The study enrolled adult subjects (mostly of Russian ethnicity) at the age from 17 to 22 years (1108 men and 1153 women). We calculated the normal values for the estimation of real dimensional characteristics and the frequency of their occurrence in the population.

[Biometric ranging of the corpses destroyed at the site of a catastrophe in terms of gender, longitudinal and circumferencial dimensions, and the degree of subcutaneous fat distribution].

The quantitative criteria for biometric ranging of destroyed corpses in terms of anatomical localization, gender, longitudinal length, trunk circumference, and the folds of subcutaneous fat are proposed. The wealth of anthropometric materials obtained in the studies of various Caucasoid populations was used to calculate the normative tables for biometric ranging of the decomposed corpses. The proposed technology excludes the subjective assessments for the purpose of such classification at the sites of catastrophes.

[Medical forensic investigations of body fragments in the situations of the massive arrivals of corpses].

We propose for the first time a set of methods for the determination of sex, face shape, body length and weight for the purpose of forensic medical investigations of fragmented corpses from a mass fatality catastrophe site. The study has demonstrated a high degree of reliability of the assessment of the personality group signs based on a wealth of somatometric data with the use of the multivariate statistic methods. This work has no analogy in forensic medical studies.

[Identification of male somatotype based on osteometric characteristics of the upper and lower extremities].

This osteologic study included examination of 101 skeletons from the collections of the Department of Anthropology, M. V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, and Peter the Great Museum of Anthropology and Ethnography (Sankt-Peterburg).

[The osteometric method for the determination of sequential localization and sex characteristics of the ribs using discriminate analysis].

The study material was ribs of the Caucasoid carcasses from the collections of the Department of Anthropology, M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, and the Department of Personality Identification, Russian Centre of Forensic Medical Examination.

[Estimation of the body length from the hand bones in adult subjects].

A method for estimation of the body length from the wrist bones in adult subjects is reported for the first time. Carpal, metacarpal, and phalangeal bone length in 108 skeletons of Caucasoid subjects (stored in the collections of the Department of Anthropology, M V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, and Museum of Anthropology, Sankt Peterburg State University) was measured to the nearest 0.

[Variability of human skull orbital characteristics].

The objective of the study was to compare intragroup and intergroup variations of orbital characteristics of the human skull. Specific patterns of intergroup variability of these signs allow for the conclusion of their taxonomic significance and suggest the existence of distinct anthropologic variants among modern mankind. The results of the study may be of interest for anatomists and have practical implications for anthropologic studies.

[Informative value of craniometric data for ethno-racial studies].

Skull measurements differ in terms of discriminative and taxonomic value. Facial signs carry much more taxonomic information than neurocranial structures. Differences in the informative value of selected craniological complexes provide a rationale for differential approach to the interpretation of the results of ethno-racial studies.

[Osteometric method of determination of ordinal localization of the ribs using discriminant analysis].

III-XI right ribs from 86 skeletons of the Caucasoid, stored in the Chair of Anthropology of Moscow State University, were examined. The ribs were measured by A. I.

[Criteria of dimensional typology of the face and body constitution of young men].

On the grounds of results of combined anthropometrical examination of 1108 Russian juveniles 17-21 years old the relationship between face dimensions and various complex of somatic characteristics and constitutional types from Shtefko-Ostrovsky scheme was studied. The medium-sized relationship (correlation coefficient less 0.6) between parameters of various morphological subsystems "face-body" was established.

[Gender determination based on osteometric characteristics of the upper and lower extremities by discriminant analysis].

The authors studied the osteological collection of the Chair of Antropology of the Moscow State University. The results of measurement of length of long tubular bones and articular parts of scapula and pelvis were statistically treated. The complex of discriminant models calculated by the Fisher's method is recommended for the sex identification.

[Relationships between size and shape of the face with somatic type in women].

We studied correlations between size of the face, different complexes of somatic signs and constitutional types according to the I.B. Galant's scheme basing on the materials of a complex anthropometric examination of 1153 Russian girls 16-21 years of age.

[Spatial position of the cranium in craniofacial establishment of identity].

A total of 90 images of male cranes from different groups of horizontal profiling (120 +/- 10 degrees, 140 +/- 10 degrees, 160 +/- 10 degrees) were studied in experiment with the coordinate-controlled complex for turning angle (from the position full face to the right and left by 14 degrees with spacing 2 degrees). Each image was marked according to the system of 18 control points. Precision of the angle fixation was 0.

[Prognosis of basic somatic characteristics of humans in expert examination of fragments of human body].

To develop a method of assessing human body somatometric parameters by its fragmentation, we used individual data on the series G. van Vark (1975) from corpses of 62 males and 39 females aged from 23 to 95 years. Statistical processing with SPSS package calculated regression equations allowing prediction of head size, length of the upper and lower limbs and their segments.

[Criteria of personal identification by the hyoid bone].

We studied 16 sizes of the hyoid bone (HB) from 158 corpses of known gender, Russians, who had died at the age over 15 years by the K. Miller et al program (1998) and 205 back projection electroroentgenograms of the neck of patients of the traumatological hospital in the town of Kirov. HB skeletization was made by the enzymatic drug enzyme.

[Medico-criminal examination of damages to clothes in flight accidents].

Examination of cloths is a permanent sphere in the practice of forensic-medical expert and an indispensable expertise stage providing for decision-making on the key issues set before the expert. Although, the examination of cloth in forensic-medical expertise has been productive, research in this field slowed down during the recent decades; definition of new sets of evident informative signs has been also suspended. The methodological potentialities of examination of cloths items were demonstrated by examples of aviation incidents because such incidents reflect the principle variations of impacts, i.

The cost-effectiveness of HIV preventive measures among injecting drug users in Svetlogorsk, Belarus.

Aim: To undertake a cost-effectiveness analysis of a harm reduction and HIV prevention project for injecting drug users (IDUs) in Eastern Europe. Economic evaluation methods were adapted to consider the effect of an 8-month financing gap that negatively impacted on project implementation.

Design: Financial and economic costs of implementing the intervention were analysed retrospectively.

[Determination of some somatic body dimensions by osteometric foot measurements].

Methods of diagnosis of somatic life-time peculiarities of man (body height, shoulders breadth and dimensions of extremities and their segments) were elaborated on the basis of a study of interrelations between the human body-built features, on the one hand, and measurement characteristics of the foot, on the other hand, by using the modern programs of multi-measurement statistics. Isolated skeleton bones of osseous complexes and fragments of native and burnt bones were the research objects. Footwear and cloths items, which belonged to an actual missing person, can be identification objects.

[Diagnostics of the skeletal massiveness and human somatotype using hand bones].

The skeleton massiveness (SM) and the somatotype of human constitution were determined on the basis of osteometry of bones of carpal and metacarpal bones (MB) and of phalanxes. Seventy male and 13 female skeletons from the collection of the chair for anthropology, Moscow State University, were investigated. Described are the results of examinations of 8 carpal bones made according to 3 signs (length, width, and height), and of 5 metacarpal bones made according to 4 signs (length, base and head width, and base height); investigation findings of finger phalanxes (in full) are also presented.

[The ordinal localization of mono-type foot bones].

The osteologic collection of the chair for anthropology, Moscow State University, comprising male (n = 70) and female (n = 14) foot bones from persons aged more than 18-20, was investigated. An appropriate Martin program was fixed to the instep bones (IB) of the proximal and middle toe phalanxes (4 sizes for each bone) with 65 signs being studied in each case. The mathematical data processing was SPSS-aided.

[Problem-oriented analysis of the medical-anthropologic identification in forensic medicine].

The paper deals with a detailed analysis of the key trends in the current forensic-medical anthropology. The attention is focused on diagnosis of group personality signs: presence of osseous substance, species diagnosis, attribution of remains to one or several cadavers, determination of a possible residence territory, group adherence of the osseous and tooth tissues, as well as determination of race, sex, age, stature, etc. Such topical issues as personality reconstruction by skull, establishment of kindred, and special identification tools are detailed.