Pathophysiology, therapy, and oral implications of renal failure in children and adolescents: an update.

The objective of this manuscript was to describe the pathophysiology and the systemic and oral implications of chronic renal failure (CRF), end-stage renal failure (ESRF), and renal replacement therapy (RRT) in children and adolescents. Improvement in treatment modalities of CRF, ESRF, and RRT have resulted in an increase in survival, and better health in children and adolescents with renal failure. Therefore, dentists are expected to encounter an increasing number of patients with renal failure needing oral care.