Neudesin in obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus: the effect of acute fasting and weight reducing interventions.

Context: Neudesin has recently been identified as a novel regulator of energy expenditure in experimental animals; however, its role in humans remains unexplored.

Objective: The aim of this study was to assess the effects of obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) along with selected weight reducing interventions on serum neudesin levels and adipose tissue mRNA expression.

Patients And Methods: Fifteen obese subjects with T2DM undergoing endoscopic duodenal-jejunal bypass liner (DJBL) implantation, 17 obese subjects (11 with T2DM, 6 without T2DM) scheduled for gastric plication (GP), 15 subjects with functional hypoglycemia subjected to 72-hour acute fasting (AF), and 12 healthy controls were included in the study.

Acute alcohol consumption downregulates lipoprotein lipase activity in vivo.

Objective: Acute alcohol consumption can induce hypertriglyceridemia. Such an effect could be explained in part by the influence of alcohol on lipoprotein lipase (LPL) - the key enzyme responsible for triglyceride hydrolysis in circulation. Therefore, we have studied the effects of acute moderate alcohol consumption on LPL activity and on the concentrations of angiopoietin-like proteins 3 and 4 (ANGPTL3 and ANGPTL4), which are known to inhibit LPL.

Metabolic characteristics of soleus muscle in relation to insulin action in the offspring of hypertensive parents.

Insulin resistance affecting skeletal muscle metabolism is present in the prehypertensive state. The aim of our study was to test the hypothesis that blood pressure value is related to skeletal muscle composition, measured by (31)P magnetic resonance (MR) spectroscopy, and to insulin sensitivity in the offspring of hypertensive parents (OH) and healthy controls. Study groups consisted of 10 healthy young lean OH with normal glucose tolerance, confirmed with oral glucose tolerance test, and 13 controls matched for age, sex, and body mass index.

Insulin secretion, sensitivity, and metabolic profile of young healthy offspring of hypertensive parents.

Hyperinsulinemia and insulin resistance are commonly observed in essential hypertension, which is part of the metabolic syndrome. The aim of this study was to examine whether insulin secretion abnormalities or alterations in insulin sensitivity and glucose tolerance are also present in healthy men, offspring of patients with essential hypertension. Twelve young (27 +/- 3.

Effect of acute hyperglycemia on erythrocyte membrane ion transport in offspring of hypertensive parents.

Objective: Patients with essential hypertension exhibit several red blood cell (RBC) ion transport abnormalities, insulin resistance (IR) and increased risk of developing type 2 diabetes. The aims of this study were to assess RBC ion transport activities under basal conditions and to test the in vivo effect of acute hyperglycemia on RBC ion transport in the offspring of hypertensive parents (OHP) and healthy controls (C).

Design And Methods: Activities of Na+-K+ pump, Na+-K+ cotransport, Na+-Li+ countertransport (SLC) and Na+, Rb+ and Li+ leaks were measured before and after a 5-h hyperglycemic (12 mmol/l) clamp (HGC) and compared to values found under euglycemic isovolumic conditions in OHP (n = 12) and C (n = 14).

Erythrocyte membrane ion transport in offspring of hypertensive parents: effect of acute hyperinsulinemia and relation to insulin action.

Some patients with essential hypertension exhibit insulin resistance (IR) and several red blood cell (RBC) ion transport abnormalities. The aims of the study were to assess RBC ion transport acitivities under basal conditions, to test in vivo the effect of acute hyperinsulinemia, and to evaluate the relationship to IR in the offspring of hypertensive parents (n = 12; OHP) and healthy controls (n = 14; C). Activities of the Na+-K+ pump, Na+-K+ cotransport, Na+-Li+ countertransport (SLC), and Na+, Rb+, and Li+ leaks (passive membrane permeability) were measured before and after a hyperinsulinemic (75 microU/mL) euglycemic clamp (HIC) and compared to those found under isoinsulinemic isovolumic conditions in OHP and C.