The safety of neoadjuvant hormonal treatment in infants with cryptorchidism.

Background/purpose: The standard treatment for boys with non-syndromic cryptorchidism is an early orchidopexy. It is unclear if surgical intervention alone is enough for future fertility. Recent studies show benefit of neoadjuvant or adjuvant hormonal treatment with gonadorelin (GnRH) for spermatogonia maturation based on testicular biopsy.