Educational intervention to improve infection prevention and control practices in four companion animal clinics in Switzerland.

Background: Infection prevention and control (IPC) practices vary among companion animal clinics, and outbreaks with carbapenemase-producing Enterobacterales (CPE) have been described.

Aim: To investigate the effect of an IPC intervention (introduction of IPC protocols, IPC lectures, hand hygiene campaign) in four companion animal clinics.

Methods: IPC practices, environmental and hand contamination with antimicrobial-resistant micro-organisms (ARM) and hand hygiene (HH) were assessed at baseline, and 1 and 5 months after the intervention.

Emergence of bla and qnrS1 encoded on IncX3 plasmids: Changing epidemiology of extended-spectrum ß-lactamases among Enterobacterales isolated from broilers.

Objectives: The occurrence of extended-spectrum ß-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Enterobacterales in broilers represents a risk to public health because of the possibility of transmission of ESBL producers and/or bla genes via the food chain or within settings where human-animal interfaces exist.

Methods: This study assessed the occurrence of ESBL producers among faecal samples of broilers at slaughter. Isolates were characterised by multilocus sequence typing, antimicrobial susceptibility testing, and whole-genome sequencing.

High occurrence of , , and harbouring oxazolidinone resistance genes in raw meat-based diets for companion animals - a public health issue, Switzerland, September 2018 to May 2020.

IntroductionEnterococci harbouring genes encoding resistance to florfenicol and the oxazolidinone antimicrobial linezolid have emerged among food-producing animals and meat thereof, but few studies have analysed their occurrence in raw meat-based diets (RMBDs) for pets.AimWe aimed to examine how far RMBDs may represent a source of bacteria with oxazolidinone resistance genes.MethodsFifty-nine samples of different types of RMBDs from 10 suppliers (three based in Germany, seven in Switzerland) were screened for florfenicol-resistant Gram-positive bacteria using a selective culture medium.

Finding of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Enterobacterales in wild game meat originating from several European countries: predominance of producing CTX-M-1, November 2021.

IntroductionMeat can be a vehicle for food-borne transmission of antimicrobial resistant bacteria and antimicrobial resistance genes. The occurrence of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) producing Enterobacterales has been observed in meat from livestock production but has not been well studied in meat from wild game.AimWe aimed to investigate, particularly in central Europe, to what extent ESBL-producing Enterobacterales may be present in wild game meat.

Faecal carriage of enterococci harbouring oxazolidinone resistance genes among healthy humans in the community in Switzerland.

Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the faecal carriage of enterococci harbouring oxazolidinone resistance genes among healthy humans in Switzerland and to genetically characterize the isolates.

Methods: A total of 399 stool samples from healthy individuals employed in different food-processing plants were cultured on a selective medium containing 10 mg/L florfenicol. Resulting enterococci were screened by PCR for the presence of cfr, optrA and poxtA.

Antimicrobial resistance profiles of Escherichia coli and prevalence of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing Enterobacteriaceae in calves from organic and conventional dairy farms in Switzerland.

This study compared the antimicrobial resistance (AMR) among commensal Escherichia coli in the fecal microbiota of young calves raised on organic and on conventional dairy farms in Switzerland. Further, fecal carriage of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) producing Enterobacteriaceae was assessed for calves from both farming systems. Where possible, data on antimicrobial usage (AMU) were obtained.

Complete Genome Sequence of Colistin-Resistant, -Harboring, Enterobacter cloacae Isolate AVS0889, Recovered from River Water in Switzerland.

Here, we report the complete genome sequence of colistin-resistant Enterobacter cloacae sequence type 1 (ST1) isolate AVS0889, which was recovered from a river in Switzerland in 2021. The genome consists of a 4.95-Mbp chromosome and five plasmids, including a large plasmid (90.

Fattening Pigs Are a Reservoir of Florfenicol-Resistant Enterococci Harboring Oxazolidinone Resistance Genes.

Abstract: The use of florfenicol in farm animals may select enterococci that carry resistance genes that confer resistance to linezolid, a critically important oxazolidinone antibiotic used in human medicine. This cross-sectional study aimed to assess the occurrence of oxazolidinone resistance genes in florfenicol-resistant enterococci from fattening pigs in Switzerland and to characterize a subset of the isolates using whole genome sequencing. A total of 31 florfenicol-resistant enterococcal isolates were obtained from 27 (5%) of 565 cecal samples of fattening pigs from seven (11%) of 62 farms.

Complete Genome Sequence of Hafnia paralvei Isolate AVS0177, Harboring on a Plasmid.

Here, we report the complete genome sequence of a Hafnia paralvei strain isolated from a lake in Switzerland in 2020. The genome consists of a 4.7-Mbp chromosome, a large plasmid (213 kb) harboring , and a small plasmid (6 kb).

Low occurrence of spp. in wild birds from a Swiss rehabilitation centre.

Background: are bacteria of the family with a wide host range. Infection in birds causes subclinical disease to mass mortality events. Wild birds may act as healthy carriers posing a hazard to livestock and humans.

Correction: Wist et al. Phenotypic and Genotypic Traits of Vancomycin-Resistant Enterococci from Healthy Food-Producing Animals. 2020, , 261.

The authors wish to make the following correction to this paper [...

Environmental dissemination of pathogenic Listeria monocytogenes in flowing surface waters in Switzerland.

Listeria monocytogenes is an opportunistic pathogen that is widely distributed in the environment. The aquatic environment may represent a potential source for the transmission of L. monocytogenes to animals and the food chain.

Characteristics of fosA-carrying plasmids in E. coli and Klebsiella spp. isolates originating from food and environmental samples.

Objectives: Fosfomycin is an important antibiotic for the treatment of MDR Enterobacteriaceae infections. High susceptibility rates are, however, threatened by the spread of plasmids encoding fosfomycin-modifying enzymes. In this study, we sought to characterize the genetic context of fosA in plasmids from Escherichia coli and Klebsiella spp.

Occurrence of Escherichia coli non-susceptible to quinolones in faecal samples from fluoroquinolone-treated, contact and control pigs of different ages from 24 Swiss pig farms.

Background: Despite their indispensability in human medicine, fluoroquinolones (FQ) are used for the treatment of bacterial infections in farm animals which increases the risk of transferring FQ-resistant bacteria into the environment and via the food chain to humans. The objectives of this observational study were to follow-up of the presence of quinolone non-susceptible Escherichia coli (QNSE) qualitatively and quantitatively in faecal samples of pigs at four time points (2 weeks old, 4 weeks old, 2 weeks post weaning and during fattening period). Moreover differences between groups of FQ-treated pigs, pigs with contact to treated pigs and control pigs were investigated.

Transmission Chains of Extended-Spectrum Beta-Lactamase-Producing Enterobacteriaceae at the Companion Animal Veterinary Clinic-Household Interface.

Extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing Enterobacteriaceae (ESBL-E) among animals and humans are a public health threat. This study analyzed the occurrence of ESBL-E in a high-risk environment in a companion animal clinic and two animal patients' households. In an intensive care unit (ICU), rectal swabs from 74 dogs and cats, 74 hand swabs from staff and 298 swabs from surfaces were analyzed for ESBL-E.

Animal petting zoos as sources of Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli, Salmonella and extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Enterobacteriaceae.

Animal petting zoos and farm fairs provide the opportunity for children and adults to interact with animals, but contact with animals carries a risk of exposure to zoonotic pathogens and antimicrobial-resistant bacteria. The aim of this study was to assess the occurrence of Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC), Salmonella, extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Enterobacteriaceae and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) in animal faeces from six animal petting zoos and one farm fair in Switzerland. Furthermore, hygiene facilities on the venues were evaluated.

Mobile fosfomycin resistance genes in Enterobacteriaceae-An increasing threat.

Antimicrobial resistance is one of the major threats to the health and welfare of both humans and animals. The shortage of new antimicrobial agents has led to the re-evaluation of old antibiotics such as fosfomycin as a potential regimen for treating multidrug-resistant bacteria especially extended-spectrum-beta-lactamase- and carbapenemase-producing Enterobacteriaceae. Fosfomycin is a broad-spectrum bactericidal antibiotic that inhibits the initial step of the cell wall biosynthesis.

Environmental dissemination of carbapenemase-producing Enterobacteriaceae in rivers in Switzerland.

The aquatic environment takes on a key role in the dissemination of antimicrobial-resistant Enterobacteriaceae. This study assesses the occurrence of carbapenemase-producing Enterobacteriaceae (CPE) in freshwater samples from rivers, inland canals, and streams throughout Switzerland, and characterizes the isolated strains using phenotypic and NGS-based genotypic methods. CPE producing KPC-2 (n = 2), KPC-3 (n = 1), NDM-5 (n = 3), OXA-48 (n = 3), OXA-181 (n = 6), and VIM-1 (n = 2) were detected in 17/164 of the water samples.

Lineage-specific evolution and gene flow in Listeria monocytogenes are independent of bacteriophages.

Listeria monocytogenes is a foodborne pathogen causing systemic infection with high mortality. To allow efficient tracking of outbreaks a clear definition of the genomic signature of a cluster of related isolates is required, but lineage-specific characteristics call for a more detailed understanding of evolution. In our work, we used core genome MLST (cgMLST) to identify new outbreaks combined to core genome SNP analysis to characterize the population structure and gene flow between lineages.

Phenotypic and Genotypic Traits of Vancomycin-Resistant Enterococci from Healthy Food-Producing Animals.

Food-producing animals may be a reservoir of vancomycin-resistant enterococci (VRE), potentially posing a threat to animal and public health. The aims of this study were to estimate the faecal carriage of VRE among healthy cattle ( = 362), pigs ( = 350), sheep ( = 218), and poultry ( = 102 flocks) in Switzerland, and to characterise phenotypic and genotypic traits of the isolates. VRE were isolated from caecum content of six bovine, and 12 porcine samples respectively, and from pooled faecal matter collected from 16 poultry flock samples.

Reuterin Demonstrates Potent Antimicrobial Activity Against a Broad Panel of Human and Poultry Meat spp. Isolates.

Reuterin is a broad-spectrum antimicrobial system produced by specific strains of during anaerobic metabolism of glycerol. Acrolein is the main component responsible for its antimicrobial activity. Here, the sensitivity of ( = 51) and ( = 20) isolates from chicken meat and human stool samples to reuterin was investigated.

Raw meat-based diets for companion animals: a potential source of transmission of pathogenic and antimicrobial-resistant Enterobacteriaceae.

Feeding pets raw meat-based diets (RMBDs) has become increasingly popular but may constitute a risk due to the contamination with pathogenic and antimicrobial-resistant (AMR) bacteria. The aim of this study was to evaluate commercially available RMBDs with regard to microbiological quality and occurrence of AMR Enterobacteriaceae. Of 51 RMBD samples, 72.

Sequence Types and Antimicrobial Resistance Profiles of Isolated From Bovine Mastitis.

Bovine mastitis is one of the most common diseases among dairy cows and causes high economic losses in dairy industries worldwide. is one of the most frequently identified pathogens causing the disease. In this study, 153 strains isolated from mastitis milk samples were analyzed for their genetic diversity using multi locus sequence typing (MLST).

Full Genome Sequence of pT3, a Multiresistant Plasmid Carrying the Colistin Resistance Gene, Recovered from an Extended-Spectrum-β-Lactamase-Producing Escherichia coli Isolate from Crickets Sold as Food.

Here, we sequenced multidrug resistance plasmid pT3, which encodes - and other resistance genes. The cooccurrence of genes and other resistance genes on a single plasmid is of concern.

Decontamination of knives used in a slaughterhouse by a commercial non-thermal UV-C treatment.

To assess the antimicrobial effect of a commercial UV-C system, knives inoculated with and as well as naturally contaminated and collected from the wet and clean area of a slaughterhouse knives were examined. For inoculated knives, UVC treatment for 30 s reduced mean counts by 5.1 log CFU cm and mean counts by 4.