Efficacy and safety of ramucirumab in gastric or gastroesophageal cancer: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Ramucirumab is considered a potential treatment for gastric or gastroesophageal cancer; however, its safety has not been evaluated. This meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of ramucirumab for treating gastric or gastroesophageal cancer.

Methods: The databases of PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library were searched through October 2023.

Effect of arsenic on the risk of gestational diabetes mellitus: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is a complication of pregnancy associated with numerous adverse outcomes. There may be a potential link between GDM and arsenic (As) exposure, but this hypothesis remains controversial. This meta-analysis summarizes the latest studies evaluating the association between As and GDM.

Cost-effectiveness analysis of metformin versus insulin in the treatment of gestational diabetes mellitus.

Objective: Although there have been many studies on gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) treatment, there is still a knowledge gap regarding the comparative cost-effectiveness of metformin and insulin in the treatment phase. Existing studies have focused on treatment efficacy and drug safety, but relatively little has been explored regarding cost-effectiveness analysis. In particular, no comprehensive study has evaluated the cost-effectiveness of metformin and insulin for GDM treatment.

Long-term efficacy and safety of Huangqi ()-based Traditional Chinese Medicine in diabetic peripheral neuropathy: a Meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

Objective: To assess the long-term effectiveness of Huangqi (, HQ)-based Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) in the treatment of diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN).

Methods: Nine databases were searched to retrieve available randomized controlled trials that compared HQ-based TCM and Western Medicines in the treatment of DPN. The methodological quality of the included studies was assessed using the Cochrane bias risk tool, and RevMan 5.

Dermatologic toxicities in epidermal growth factor receptor: a comprehensive pharmacovigilance study from 2013 to 2023.

Epidermal growth factor receptor inhibitors (EGFRIs) induced cutaneous toxicity is a common adverse event (AE), although it is not as severe as major cancers, we still need to pay enough attention to them. Therefore, it is necessary to evaluate the diversity of EGFRI class drugs. The objective of this study was to conduct a scientific and systematic investigation into the correlation between EGFRI and cutaneous toxicities.

Effect of probiotics on pregnancy outcomes in gestational diabetes: systematic review and meta-analysis.

Objective: Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is a prevalent complication during pregnancy associated with numerous adverse outcomes. There is emerging evidence suggesting the potential of probiotics as a therapeutic measure for GDM; however, existing studies have yielded contradictory results. This meta-analysis assessed the efficacy of probiotics on blood glucose management and pregnancy outcomes in patients with GDM.

A meta-analysis of metformin and insulin on maternal outcome and neonatal outcome in patients with gestational diabetes mellitus.

Introduction: The use of metformin for treating gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) remains controversial because it can pass through the placenta. This meta-analysis aimed to compare the effects of metformin and insulin on maternal and neonatal outcomes in patients with GDM.

Methods: We conducted a comprehensive search of the PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library databases, focusing on randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that evaluated the impacts of metformin and insulin on both maternal and neonatal outcomes in patients with GDM.

Hepatotoxicity in immune checkpoint inhibitors: A pharmacovigilance study from 2014-2021.

Adverse events(AEs) related to hepatotoxicity have been reported in patients treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs). As the number of adverse events increases, it is necessary to assess the differences in each immune checkpoint inhibitor regimen. The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between ICIs and hepatotoxicity in a scientific and systematic manner.

A clinical phase I dose-finding design with adaptive shrinking boundaries for drug combination trials.

Background: Combinations of drugs are becoming increasingly common in oncology treatment. In some cases, patients can benefit from the interaction between two drugs, although there is usually a higher risk of developing toxicity. Due to drug-drug interactions, multidrug combinations often exhibit different toxicity profiles than those of single drugs, leading to a complex trial scenario.

A Complex Heterogeneous Network Model of Disease Regulated by Noncoding RNAs: A Case Study of Unstable Angina Pectoris.

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are important types of noncoding RNAs, and there is a lack of holistic and systematic understanding of the functions they play in disease. We proposed a research strategy, including two parts network analysis and network modelling, to analyze, model, and predict the regulatory network of miRNAs from a network perspective, using unstable angina pectoris as an example. In the network analysis section, we proposed the WGCNA & SimCluster method using both correlation and similarity to find hub miRNAs, and validation on two datasets showed better results than the methods using correlation or similarity alone.

Hepatobiliary calculi associated with ceftriaxone treatment: An analysis of FAERS data from 2004 to 2021.

Introduction: The role of gender, age, dose and other factors in the adverse reaction process of pseudocholelithiasis caused by ceftriaxone is controversial. In this study, we further explored potential risk factors using the FAERS database.

Methods: The reported odds ratio (ROR) and the information component (IC) of specific candidate factors were calculated by using the ROR method and the Bayesian confidence promotion neural network (BCPNN) method respectively to detect potential risk factors in adverse events(AEs) of ceftriaxone and hepatobiliary calculi(HBC).

Benefits and Risks Associated with Low-Dose Aspirin Use for the Primary Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Control Trials and Trial Sequential Analysis.

Background: The role of aspirin in cardiovascular primary prevention remains controversial. Moreover, evidence for the potential benefits of aspirin in patients with high cardiovascular risk remains limited.

Objective: The aim of this study was to explore the role of low-dose aspirin in primary prevention.

The Material Basis and Mechanism of Xuefu Zhuyu Decoction in Treating Stable Angina Pectoris and Unstable Angina Pectoris.

Methods: Firstly, we used a network proximity approach to calculate and compare the effectiveness of the formula with that of Western drugs for each type of angina, including all targets and intersecting targets, from a topological perspective. Secondly, we compared the mechanisms of action of the two angina pectoris at three levels and five aspects, including conventional and modular analysis approaches. Thirdly, based on the unique functions of each angina in the complex heterogeneous network, we designed a reverse process for finding the material basis using dynamic, static, and enriched items as well as a total item.

Nephrotoxicity of Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors: A Disproportionality Analysis from 2013 to 2020.

Nephrotoxicity occasionally occurs during treatment with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs). Few related studies compare the differences between these drugs. This study aimed to systematically characterize nephrotoxicity after ICI initiation.

Development of an LC-MS/MS method for simultaneous quantitative analysis of macromolecular pharmaceutical adjuvant 2-hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin and active pharmaceutical ingredients butylphthalide in rat plasma.

Hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin, which possesses a high water solubility and low hemolycity, is widely used as a solubilizer and an excipient. It had also been reported that hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin has the activity of regulating lipid homeostasis. In order to further understand the metabolism, the primary focus was to establish a quantitative method for hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin.

A systematic strategy for uncovering quality marker of Asari Radix et Rhizoma on alleviating inflammation based chemometrics analysis of components.

Asari Radix et Rhizoma (Asarum), a traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), has been applied in clinical generally. However, due to the lack of valid methods for Asarum quality control, inhomogenous quality and therapy issues have become severe with each passing day. In this study, we aimed to establish a comprehensive multi-system to explore the quality control markers underlying pharmaceutical effects based on chemometrics analysis on the total ingredients of Asarum.

"Modeling-Prediction" Strategy for Deep Profiling of Lysophosphatidic Acids by Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry: Exploration Biomarkers of Breast Cancer.

Lysophosphatidic acids (LPAs) are important bioactive phospholipids consisting of various species involved in a wide array of physiological and pathological processes. However, LPAs were rarely identified in untargeted lipidomics studies because of the incompatibility with analytical methods. Moreover, in targeted studies, the coverages of LPAs remained unsatisfactorily low due to the limitation of reference standards.

An integrated serum and urinary metabonomic research of Rhizoma Curcumae-Rhizoma Sparganii drug pair in hysteromyoma rats based on UPLC-Q-TOF-MS analysis.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Rhizoma Curcumae and Rhizoma Sparganii (RCRS), a celebrated traditional Chinese medicine drug pair, has been used to treat hysteromyoma (HY).

Aim Of The Study: We aimed to identify the endogenous biomarkers of RCRS against HY.

Materials And Methods: HY rat model was established by injecting intramuscularly estradiol benzoate and progesterone injection from inner thigh in sequence.

Quantitative metabolomics for investigating the value of polyamines in the early diagnosis and therapy of colorectal cancer.

As an important biomarker for cancer, polyamine levels in body fluid could be employed for monitoring the colorectal cancer (CRC), however the role of polyamines in the development and therapeutics phases of CRC remains uncertain. In this paper, the relationship between polyamines and CRC development and therapeutics had been investigated by the study of changes in plasma polyamine levels during the precancerous, developmental and treatment phases of CRC. After inducing CRC in Wistar rats by intraperitoneal injection of 1, 2-dimethylhydrazine, the animals were given a traditional Chinese medicine, Aidi injections.

GC-MS method for determination and pharmacokinetic study of seven volatile constituents in rat plasma after oral administration of the essential oil of Rhizoma Curcumae.

Rhizoma Curcumae (RC) is perennial herbaceous plant mainly present in China, India and Malaysiabelong, which is belong to the family Zingiberaceae. The rhizomes of RC have been used as a famous traditional Chinese medicine for the treatment of syndrome of blood stasis. A selective, sensitive and accurate gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy (GC-MS) method was developed and validated in this paper for the simultaneous determination and pharmacokinetic study of α-Pinene, 1,8-Cineole, Borneol, β-Elemene, Curcumol, Germacrone, and Curdione in rat plasma.

An integrative investigation of the toxicity of Aconiti kusnezoffii radix and the attenuation effect of its processed drug using a UHPLC-Q-TOF based rat serum and urine metabolomics strategy.

Aconiti kusnezoffii radix (AKR), the root of Aconitum kusnezoffii Reichb., is commonly used in the treatment of the rheumatoid arthritis. However, the clinical application is limited due to its potential toxicity.

An Investigation on the Quantitative Structure-Activity Relationships of the Anti-Inflammatory Activity of Diterpenoid Alkaloids.

Diterpenoid alkaloids are extracted from plants. These compounds have broad biological activities, including effects on the cardiovascular system, anti-inflammatory and analgesic actions, and anti-tumor activity. The anti-inflammatory activity was determined by carrageenan-induced rat paw edema and experimental trauma in rats.

EGFR-TKIs versus taxanes agents in therapy for nonsmall-cell lung cancer patients: A PRISMA-compliant systematic review with meta-analysis and meta-regression.

Background: Currently, the nonsmall-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is a worldwide disease, which has very poor influence on life quality, whereas the therapeutic effects of drugs for it are not satisfactory. The aim of our PRISMA-compliant systematic review and meta-analysis was to compare the efficacy and safety of epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitors (EGFR-TKIs) with Taxanes in patients with lung tumors.

Methods: We collected randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of EGFR-TKIs (gefitinib, erlotinib) versus Taxanes (docetaxel, paclitaxel) for the treatment of NSCLC by searching PubMed, EMbase, and the Cochrane library databases until April, 2016.

Proton pump inhibitors therapy vs H2 receptor antagonists therapy for upper gastrointestinal bleeding after endoscopy: A meta-analysis.

Aim: To compare the therapeutic effects of proton pump inhibitors vs H₂ receptor antagonists for upper gastrointestinal bleeding in patients after successful endoscopy.

Methods: We searched the Cochrane library, MEDLINE, EMBASE and PubMed for randomized controlled trials until July 2014 for this study. The risk of bias was evaluated by the Cochrane Collaboration's tool and all of the studies had acceptable quality.

Use of the local false discovery rate for identification of metabolic biomarkers in rat urine following Genkwa Flos-induced hepatotoxicity.

Metabolomics is concerned with characterizing the large number of metabolites present in a biological system using nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and HPLC/MS (high-performance liquid chromatography with mass spectrometry). Multivariate analysis is one of the most important tools for metabolic biomarker identification in metabolomic studies. However, analyzing the large-scale data sets acquired during metabolic fingerprinting is a major challenge.