A comparative study of irrigation techniques and the development of a self-serve training model for ophthalmology residents.

Background: Lacrimal irrigation is a fundamental skill for diagnosing and managing lacrimal diseases. This study evaluates two lacrimal irrigation techniques and introduces a haptic-visual integrated self-serve training model to enhance skill acquisition among novice ophthalmology residents.

Methods: Ninety-two ophthalmology residents were randomized into Group A (n = 47) and Group B (n = 45).

Topical application of 666-15, a potent inhibitor of CREB, alleviates alkali-induced corneal neovascularization.

Corneal neovascularization (CNV) is a dynamically regulated process that arises due to a disruption in the equilibrium between pro-angiogenic and anti-angiogenic factors. Various cytokines are released by vascular endothelial cells and macrophages in damaged cornea, ultimately inducing CNV. The cAMP-response element-binding protein (CREB), a nuclear transcription factor, potentially impacts tumor angiogenesis by modulating the secretion of angiogenic proteins.

Bibliometric and visualized analysis on hip fracture surgery and venous thromboembolism.

Background: Hip fractures primarily occur in older people and represent a significant public health issue due to their high incidence and mortality rate. The concurrent occurrence of venous thromboembolism (VTE) during the perioperative period exacerbates the threat to patient health.

Methods: We retrieved all articles related to hip fracture surgery and venous VTE from the Web of Science core collection database from 2000 to 2023.

Nasolacrimal duct rhinostomy for low-level nasolacrimal duct obstruction:long-term outcomes and surgical selection paradigm.

Propose: This study aims to present long-term outcomes in a specific patient population experiencing epiphora due to low-level nasolacrimal duct obstruction (NLDO) following endonasal endoscopic nasolacrimal duct rhinostomy, and to propose a surgical selection paradigm for varying locations of NLDO.

Methods: Between September 1, 2017 and February 28, 2023, a retrospective analysis was conducted on 26 patients diagnosed with primary acquired nasolacrimal duct obstruction (PANDO) who underwent endonasal endoscopic nasolacrimal duct rhinostomy for low-level NLDO (defined as obstruction below the plane of the superior border of the inferior turbinate attachment). The study assessed surgical success through objective measures of anatomical patency and subjective measures of functional patency during a postoperative follow-up period of at least six months.

Beneficial mechanisms of dimethyl fumarate in autoimmune uveitis: insights from single-cell RNA sequencing.

Background: Dimethyl fumarate (DMF) is a fumaric acid ester that exhibits immunoregulatory and anti-inflammatory properties. However, the function of DMF in autoimmune uveitis (AU) is incompletely understood, and studies comprehensively exploring the impact of DMF on immune cells are still lacking.

Methods: To explore the function of DMF in uveitis and its underlying mechanisms, we conducted single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) on the cervical draining lymph node (CDLN) cells of normal, experimental autoimmune uveitis (EAU), and DMF-treated EAU mice.

Therapeutic Effects of Upadacitinib on Experimental Autoimmune Uveitis: Insights From Single-Cell Analysis.

Purpose: This study aimed to elucidate the impact of upadacitinib, a Janus kinase 1 (JAK1)-specific inhibitor, on experimental autoimmune uveitis (EAU) and explore its underlying mechanisms.

Methods: We utilized single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) and single-cell assay for transposase-accessible chromatin sequencing (scATAC-seq) to investigate the JAK/signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) pathway in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) of 12 patients with Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada (VKH) disease and cervical draining lymph node (CDLN) cells of EAU. After treating EAU with upadacitinib, we analyzed immune cell gene expression and cell-cell communication by integrating scRNA data.

How does red culture affect corporates' cash holdings? Evidence from China.

Cash holdings are an essential element of corporate decision-making. Culture, such as the unique Chinese red culture created by the Communist Party of China during the Revolutionary War, affected corporate economic decisions. This study systematically evaluated the impact of red culture on corporate cash holdings.

Gene expression profile analyses to identify potential biomarkers for myopia.

Purpose: Increasing evidence suggests myopia is not a simple refractive error, many other factors might also be involved. Here, we assessed myopic and normal corneas' gene expression profiles to identify possible diagnostic and therapeutic biomarkers for myopia.

Materials And Methods: We obtained the expression profile of ten patients and seven normal control samples from the GSE112155 and GSE151631 datasets based on the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database.

Associated risk factors of postoperative pain after glaucoma surgery: a prospective study.

Purpose: This study aimed to determine degree of postoperative pain and the incidence of serious postoperative pain after glaucoma surgery and further to identify the associated risk factors.

Methods: A total of 194 consecutive patients who were diagnosed with glaucoma and underwent glaucoma surgery were enrolled in this study. The intensity of postoperative pain was evaluated using numerical rating scale (NRS) within 24 h after surgery; NRS ≥ 5 was considered as clinically significant postoperative pain.

Risk factors for persistent epiphora following successful canalicular laceration repair.

Aim: To identify the risk factors of epiphora in patients with anatomical patency after surgical repair of canalicular laceration.

Methods: This retrospective case series included 178 cases of canalicular laceration repair from 2005 to 2012. Demographic data collected from each patient included age, sex, type of injury, distance from the distal lacerated end of the canaliculus to the punctum, the severity score for the structural abnormity of the medial canthus, the duration of stent placement, and the timing of surgery.

Laquinimod Inhibits Inflammation-Induced Angiogenesis in the Cornea.

Inflammation-induced angiogenesis plays a critical role in many eye diseases, and abnormal angiogenesis inhibition is regarded as a therapeutic approach. Here, we examined the effects of laquinimod on inflammatory corneal angiogenesis. Mouse model of corneal neovascularization was induced by NaOH.

Laquinimod exerts anti-inflammatory and antiapoptotic effects in retinal ischemia/reperfusion injury.

Retinal ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) occurs in various vision disabled ocular diseases, involved in acute glaucoma, diabetic retinopathy, ischemic optic neuropathy, hypertensive retinopathy and retinal vascular occlusion. Laquinimod (LQ), a new type of immunosuppressant, has been reported to exert anti-inflammatory effects on autoimmune diseases. This research aims to investigate the protective effect of LQ on I/R damage by focusing on inhibiting dysregulated neuroinflammation and neuronal apoptosis.

Incidence and Risk Factors of Moderate to Severe Postoperative Pain Following the Placement of Primary and Secondary Orbital Implants: A Prospective Observational Study.

Purpose: To prospectively explore the incidence and risk factors of moderate to severe pain after primary and secondary orbital implantation following evisceration or enucleation surgery.

Methods: One hundred eighteen patients under general anesthesia for orbital implantation were enrolled in this study. In 91 patients, primary orbital implantation followed evisceration, and in 27 patients, the implantation was secondary after previous evisceration or enucleation surgery.

Effect of congenital blepharoptosis on corneal biomechanical properties and changes after ptosis surgery.

Objectives: We studied the difference in the corneal biomechanical parameters of ptotic and fellow eyes in patients with congenital blepharoptosis. The correlations between corneal biomechanical parameters and demographic or ocular parameters, and the changes after surgery were also researched.

Methods: The corneal biomechanical parameters were measured by Corvis ST tonometry.

Correction: Rapamycin Is Neuroprotective in a Rat Chronic Hypertensive Glaucoma Model.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.

Metformin inhibits the proliferation and metastasis of osteosarcoma cells by suppressing the phosphorylation of Akt.

Metformin (Met) is a therapeutic agent for the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus. There is evidence that Met may reduce the risk of cancer in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus by inhibiting tumor cell growth, prolonging the overall survival time in patients with various types of malignancy. However, the function and mechanism of Met have not been fully elucidated in osteosarcoma (OS).

microRNA-21a-5p/PDCD4 axis regulates mesenchymal stem cell-induced neuroprotection in acute glaucoma.

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have been demonstrated to have promising therapeutic benefits for a variety of neurological diseases; however, the underlying mechanisms are poorly understood. Here, we showed that intravitreal infusion of MSCs promoted retinal ganglion cell (RGC) survival in a mouse model of acute glaucoma, with significant inhibition of microglial activation, production of TNF-α, IL-1β, and reactive oxygen species, as well as caspase-8 and caspase-3 activation. In vitro, MSCs inhibited both caspase-8-mediated RGC apoptosis and microglial activation, partly via the action of stanniocalcin 1 (STC1).

Assessment risk of osteoporosis in Chinese people: relationship among body mass index, serum lipid profiles, blood glucose, and bone mineral density.

Objective: The aim of our study was to investigate the relationship among age, sex, body mass index (BMI), serum lipid profiles, blood glucose (BG), and bone mineral density (BMD), making an assessment of the risk of osteoporosis.

Materials And Methods: A total of 1,035 male and 3,953 female healthy volunteers (aged 41-95 years) were recruited by an open invitation. The basic information, including age, sex, height, weight, waistline, hipline, menstrual cycle, and medical history, were collected by a questionnaire survey and physical examination.

Evaluation of serum lipid profile, body mass index, and waistline in Chinese patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Objective: People with type 2 diabetes are at an increased risk of hypertension, arteriosclerosis, heart disease, and stroke. Glucose intolerance (insulin resistance) is the main feature of type 2 diabetes. Obesity leads to insulin resistance, dyslipidemia, etc.

Dry Eye Disease in Patients with Functioning Filtering Blebs after Trabeculectomy.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to analyze dry eye disease (DED) in patients with functioning filtering blebs and to explore the relationship between the morphology of filtering blebs and ocular surface instability.

Methods: This was a cross-sectional, case-comparison study. Seventy glaucomatous patients (70 eyes) with functioning blebs who had undergone trabeculectomy more than 6 months prior (study group) and 35 control subjects (35 eyes) (control group) were included.

Clinical Outcomes of FP-7/8 Ahmed Glaucoma Valves in the Management of Refractory Glaucoma in the Mainland Chinese Population.

Background: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of the Ahmed glaucoma valve (AGV) and the risk factors associated with AGV implantation failure in a population of Chinese patients with refractory glaucoma.

Method: In total, 79 eyes with refractory glaucoma from 79 patients treated in our institution from November 2007 to November 2010 were enrolled in this retrospective study. The demographic data, preoperative and postoperative intraocular pressures (IOPs), best corrected visual acuity (BCVA), number of anti-glaucoma medications used, completed and qualified surgery success rates and postoperative complications were recorded to evaluate the outcomes of AGV implantation.

Rapamycin is neuroprotective in a rat chronic hypertensive glaucoma model.

Glaucoma is a leading cause of irreversible blindness. Injury of retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) accounts for visual impairment of glaucoma. Here, we report rapamycin protects RGCs from death in experimental glaucoma model and the underlying mechanisms.