Conservation implications of climatically heterogeneous areas for species diversity in a biodiversity hotspot.

Climate heterogeneity is commonly associated with exceptionally high species richness, thus bolstering ecological resilience and maximizing long-term biodiversity benefits. However, few studies have been conducted to examine the implications of climatically heterogeneous areas (CHAs) for effective biodiversity conservation. In this study, we collected occurrence records of birds and vascular plants in a biodiversity hotspot in Yunnan, China, and delineated corresponding CHAs.

The Effect of Osteoprotectin (OPG)/Receptor Activator of Nuclear Factor-B Ligand (RANKL)/Receptor Activator of Nuclear Factor-B (RANK) Gene Methylation on Aortic Valve Calcified.

To evaluate the effect of the methylation of osteoprotectin (OPG)/receptor activator of nuclear factor-B ligand (RANKL)/receptor activator of nuclear factor-B (RANK) pathway on aortic valve calcification, the aortic valve tissue was collected from 38 aortic stenosis (AS) patients who underwent valve replacement. OPG and RANKL gene methylation, RT-PCR, and ELISA were performed. Hematoxylin-eosin staining (HE), alizarin red-S staining, and immunohistochemically staining of OPG, RANKL, and CD68 were simultaneously performed.

Extracting chemical-induced disease relation by integrating a hierarchical concentrative attention and a hybrid graph-based neural network.

Extracting the chemical-induced disease relation from literatures is important for biomedical research. On one hand, it is challenging to capture the interactions among remote words and the long-distance information is not adequately exploited by existing systems for document-level relation extraction. On the other hand, there is some information particularly important to the target relations in documents, which should attract more attention than the less relevant information for the relation extraction.

A Memetic Algorithm Based on Probability Learning for Solving the Multidimensional Knapsack Problem.

The multidimensional knapsack problem (MKP) is a well-known combinatorial optimization problem with many real-life applications. In this article, a memetic algorithm based on probability learning (MA/PL) is proposed to solve MKP. The main highlights of this article are two-fold: 1) problem-dependent heuristics for MKP and 2) a novel framework of MA/PL.

Direct observation of multiple rotational stacking faults coexisting in freestanding bilayer MoS.

Electronic properties of two-dimensional (2D) MoS semiconductors can be modulated by introducing specific defects. One important type of defect in 2D layered materials is known as rotational stacking fault (RSF), but the coexistence of multiple RSFs with different rotational angles was not directly observed in freestanding 2D MoS before. In this report, we demonstrate the coexistence of three RSFs with three different rotational angles in a freestanding bilayer MoS sheet as directly observed using an aberration-corrected transmission electron microscope (TEM).