Association of HIV transmissions and non-transmission knowledge with negative attitudes to HIV/AIDS.

Background: Human immunodeficiency virus/acquired immune deficiency syndrome (HIV/AIDS)-related stigma is an obstacle to the implementation of treatment, care, and support programs for people living with HIV/AIDS. This study explored the association of the HIV knowledge with the attitudes toward HIV/AIDS.

Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted in HIV epidemic rural areas with 5355 participants.

Enhanced expression of the decoy receptor IL-13Ralpha2 in macrophages of Schistosoma japonicum-infected mice.

Background: Type 2 cytokine interleukin (IL)-13 and its decoy receptor, IL-13 receptor (R) alpha2 appear to play a major role in tissue fibrosis of schistosomiasis and asthma. IL-13 is a key regulator of the extracellular matrix (ECM). It is known to signal to cells by binding to the IL-13Ralpha1, which then heterodimerizes with IL-4Ralpha.