Metabolomic Analysis of the Effects of Canagliflozin on HFpEF Rats and Its Underlying Mechanism.

Background: Heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) represents a challenging cardiovascular condition characterized by normal systolic function but impaired diastolic performance. Despite its increasing prevalence, therapeutic options remain limited. This study investigated the metabolic effects of canagliflozin, a sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitor, on cardiac function and energy metabolism in HFpEF.

Potent human antibodies against SpA5 identified by high-throughput single-cell sequencing of phase I clinical volunteers' B cells.

The drug resistance problem of needs to be solved urgently. Here, we report the rapid identification of human antibodies by high-throughput single-cell RNA and VDJ sequencing of memory B cells derived from 64 volunteers immunized with recombinant five-component vaccine (clinical phase I). From 676 antigen-binding IgG1 clonotypes, TOP10 sequences were selected for expression and characterization, with the most potent one, Abs-9, having nanomolar affinity for the pentameric form of the specific antigen protein A.

Genomic and Methylomic Signatures Associated With the Maintenance of Genome Stability and Adaptive Evolution in Two Closely Allied Wolf Spiders.

Pardosa spiders, belonging to the wolf spider family Lycosidae, play a vital role in maintaining the health of forest and agricultural ecosystems due to their function in pest control. This study presents chromosome-level genome assemblies for two allied Pardosa species, P. laura and P.

Metabolic Reprogramming and Adaption in Breast Cancer Progression and Metastasis.

Recent evidence has revealed that cancer is not solely driven by genetic abnormalities but also by significant metabolic dysregulation. Cancer cells exhibit altered metabolic demands and rewiring of cellular metabolism to sustain their malignant characteristics. Metabolic reprogramming has emerged as a hallmark of cancer, playing a complex role in breast cancer initiation, progression, and metastasis.

Aflatoxin B1 impairs the growth and development of chicken PGCs through oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction.

Aflatoxins harm the reproductive system and gamete development in animals. Primordial germ cells (PGCs) in chickens, as ancestral cells of gametes, are essential for genetic transmission, yet the impact and mechanisms of aflatoxins on them remain elusive. This study systematically investigated the effects of aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) on chicken PGCs and their potential mechanisms using an in vitro culture model.

Co-targeting of metabolism using dietary and pharmacologic approaches reduces breast cancer metastatic burden.

Patients with metastatic breast cancer face reduced quality of life and increased mortality rates, necessitating more effective anti-cancer strategies. Building on previous research that identified metastatic-niche-specific metabolic vulnerabilities, we investigated how a ketogenic diet enhances estrogen receptor (ER)-positive liver metastatic breast cancer's response to Fulvestrant (Fulv) treatment. Using in vitro cell lines and in vivo xenograft metastasis mouse models, we examined the molecular mechanisms of combining ER targeting with a ketogenic diet.

Metabolic pathway and genetically causal links of 1,400 circulating metabolites on the risk of intracranial aneurysms and aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage.

Background: The rupture of intracranial aneurysms (IAs) leads to aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (aSAH), which is associated with significant disability and mortality rates. This study aims to identify metabolic markers causally linked to the occurrence of IAs and aSAH through Mendelian randomization (MR), thereby offering novel predictive and therapeutic targets.

Methods: We conducted a genome-wide association study (GWAS) on IAs and aSAH, analyzing 1,400 metabolomic indices from the Canadian Longitudinal Study on Aging (CLSA) cohort (n = 8,299).

High levels of histone acetylation modifications promote the formation of PGCs.

This study investigates the role of histone acetylation in the differentiation of chicken embryonic stem cells (ESCs) into primordial germ cells (PGCs). Transcriptomic sequencing was used to analyze differentially expressed genes during this differentiation process, with functional annotation identifying genes associated with histone acetylation. To explore the role of acetylation, acetate and an acetyltransferase inhibitor (ANAC) were added to the ESCs induction medium.

Fluoride-Induced Autophagy and Apoptosis in the Mouse Ovary: Genomic Insights into IL-17 Signaling and Gut Microbiota Dysbiosis.

Chronic fluoride (F) exposure is linked to gonadotoxicity in females, yet the underlying molecular mechanisms remain unclear. This study investigated fluoride-induced reprotoxicity using advanced genomic profiling. RNA-seq analysis identified significant activation of autophagy, apoptosis, and IL-17 signaling pathways in fluoride-exposed female mice.

Alternating Aerobics with Resistance Exercise Improves Bone Density and Circulating Irisin Levels in Postmenopausal Women.

Purpose: Irisin plays an important role in bone-muscle crosstalk. The aim of this study was to elucidate the association of long-term exercise induced irisin response with body composition and bone mineral density in postmenopausal women.

Methods: We recruited 29 postmenopausal women (age: 62.

GATD3A-deficiency-induced mitochondrial dysfunction facilitates senescence of fibroblast-like synoviocytes and osteoarthritis progression.

Accumulating evidence indicates that cellular senescence is closely associated with osteoarthritis. However, there is limited research on the mechanisms underlying fibroblast-like synoviocyte senescence and its impact on osteoarthritis progression. Here, we elucidate a positive correlation between fibroblast-like synoviocyte senescence and osteoarthritis progression and reveal that GATD3A deficiency induces fibroblast-like synoviocyte senescence.

Analysis of risk factors for surgical site infection in spinal surgery patients and study of direct economic losses.

Background: Surgical site infection (SSI) is a serious complication of spine surgery, leading to prolonged hospital stays, re-operations, and economic losses. The aim of the study was to explore the types and quantities of pathogenic bacteria involved, the incidence of SSI, and to identify the independent risk factors and direct economic impact on patients with postoperative SSI in spine surgery.

Methods: The medical records of spine surgery patients from January 2023 to April 2024 at two hospitals in Xinjiang were retrospectively reviewed.

Real-time detection of gaseous isotopic water molecules via photoinduced associative ionization mass spectrometry: Direct identification realized by distinctive mass spectrum patterns.

The real-time detection of gaseous HO and its typical isotopic molecules, e.g., HO, DO, HDO, and HTO, is highly desirable in many fundamental scientific studies and practical monitoring, such as mechanistic studies of HO-involved chemical reactions and radiation risk warning of abnormal HTO emissions.

p62 Binding to Protein Kinase C Regulates HIV-1 gp120 V3 Loop Induced Microglial Inflammation.

The main pathogenic mechanism of HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders (HAND) is neuronal apoptosis induced by inflammatory mediators, in which microglial inflammation plays a crucial role. However, the exact pathogenic mechanism remains unclear. Previous studies have shown that the HIV-1 gp120 V3 loop can trigger inflammation in CHME-5 microglia.

Neratinib enhances the efficacy of CDK4/6 inhibitor plus endocrine therapy in HR/HER2-low breast cancer cell line ZR-75-1 via hsa-miR-23a-5p.

HR/HER2-low breast cancer is a significant subgroup of conventional HR/HER2-negative breast cancer, and combination of CDK4/6 inhibitor and endocrine therapy is the standard first-line and second-line treatments for advanced HR/HER2-low breast cancer. Nevertheless, it remains uncertain whether HER2 signaling affects the effectiveness of CDK4/6 inhibitor administered in combination with endocrine therapy for HR/HER2-low breast cancer and suitable intervention measures. This study revealed poor efficacy for CDK4/6 inhibitor combined with endocrine therapy for HR/HER2-low breast cancer in vitro and in vivo models.

Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells in Birds: Opportunities and Challenges for Science and Agriculture.

The only cells in an organism that could do any other sort of cell until 2006 (except sperm or egg) were known as embryonic stem cells, ESC [...

Treatment of saccular wide-neck intracranial aneurysm using Leo baby stent: a single-center experience based on 156 cases.

To describe the mid-term safety and efficacy of Leo baby stent applied in saccular wide-neck intracranial aneurysms (IAs). 151 patients harboring 156 IAs treated with Leo baby stent from March 2021 to October 2023 were enrolled for further analysis. Among 156 IAs, 142 cases (91.

CRNDE alleviates IL-1β-induced chondrocyte damage by modulating miR-31/NF-κB pathway.

Background: The long non-coding RNA CRNDE (CRNDE) has been identified as a lncRNA associated with osteoarthritis (OA), playing a role the age-related degeneration of articular cartilage. However, the precise mechanism by which CRNDE affects the physiological functions of OA chondrocytes remains unclear.

Methods: To simulate the inflammatory conditions observed in OA, interleukin (IL)-1β-stimulated chondrocyte C-28/I2 cells were utilized.

Federated cross-view e-commerce recommendation based on feature rescaling.

As big data technologies continue to evolve, recommendation systems have found broad application in domains such as online retail and social networking platforms. However, centralized recommendation systems raise numerous data privacy concerns. Federated learning addresses these concerns by allowing model training on client devices and aggregating model parameters without sharing raw data.

SsPtc3 Modulating SsSmk1-MAPK and Autophagy to Facilitate Growth and Pathogenicity in Sclerotinia sclerotiorum.

The compound appressoria of Sclerotinia sclerotiorum can produce cell wall-degrading enzymes, effectors and toxins, which promote penetration and the death of host cells. Subsequently, invasive hyphae (IH) branch rapidly as necrotrophic growth and disease symptoms are observed. S.

miR-1458 is inhibited by low concentrations of Vitamin B6 and targets TBX6 to promote the formation of spermatogonial stem cells in Rugao Yellow Chicken.

Spermatogonial stem cells (SSCs) have vast application prospects in livestock and poultry production, genetic engineering, and medical research. However, the scarcity of SSCs and the complexity of their development limit the elucidation and verification of the mechanism of SSCs in vitro. Although miRNAs have been identified as critical players in germ cell development, upstream regulatory mechanisms by which miRNAs regulate SSCs formation are rarely reported.

Preparation of Double-Networked Slow-Expanding Nanomicrospheres and Evaluation of Drive Modulation Performance.

Aiming at the problem of excessive swelling of conventional microspheres for oilfield use, a novel amphiphilic polymerizable crosslinker (AE) was synthesized by quaternary ammonium modification of an unstable crosslinker (AE) using acrylamide, 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid as the monomers, N,N'-methylene bisacrylamide as the stabilizing crosslinker, ammonium peroxysulfate and sodium bisulfite as the initiator, and water as the solvent by using a reversed microemulsion method. Double-networked nanomicrospheres were prepared. The preparation conditions of the microspheres were optimized by the surface response method, focusing on the effects of the initiator addition and reaction temperature, and total crosslinker addition on the formation of nanomicrospheres.

Numerical Simulation of CO Dissolution and Mineralization Storage Considering CO-Water-Rock Reaction in Aquifers.

CO storage technology is crucial in addressing climate change by controlling the greenhouse effect. This technology involves the injection of captured CO into deep saline aquifers, where it undergoes a series of reactions, such as structure binding, dissolution, and mineralization, enabling long-term storage. Typically, the CO is maintained in a supercritical state, enhancing its storage efficiency.

Balloon guide catheters for endovascular thrombectomy in patients with acute ischaemic stroke due to large-vessel occlusion in China (PROTECT-MT): a multicentre, open-label, blinded-endpoint, randomised controlled trial.

Background: The effectiveness of using a balloon guide catheter during endovascular thrombectomy in patients with acute ischaemic stroke due to large vessel occlusion of the anterior circulation remains uncertain. We aimed to assess the effectiveness and safety of using a balloon guide catheter during endovascular thrombectomy, compared with using a conventional guide catheter, in this patient population.

Methods: We conducted a multicentre, open-label, blinded-endpoint, randomised controlled trial at 28 hospitals in China.

Middle Meningeal Artery Embolization for Nonacute Subdural Hematoma.

Background: The effect of embolization of the middle meningeal artery in patients with subacute or chronic subdural hematoma is uncertain.

Methods: We performed a multicenter, open-label, randomized trial in China, involving patients with symptomatic nonacute subdural hematoma with mass effect. Patients were assigned to undergo burr-hole drainage or receive nonsurgical treatment at the surgeon's discretion, and patients in each group were then randomly assigned, in a 1:1 ratio, to undergo middle meningeal artery embolization with liquid embolic material or to receive usual care.