Phylogenetic and taxonomic updates of , with an emphasis on .

The order was divided into eight suborders. However, the phylogenetic relationships among some suborders are largely unresolved, and the phylogenetic positions and delimitations of some taxa, such as and , remain unsettled. In this study, sequence data of 38 genomes were generated through genome skimming on an Illumina sequencing system.

Determination of ibotenic acid and muscimol in species of the genus Amanita section Amanita from China.

The genus Amanita sect. Amanita harbors approximately 150 species in the world, and 27 species have been recognized in China. Some of the species in China have continuously caused poisoning.

Updated taxonomy of Chinese subgenera and (Hydnaceae, Cantharellales): Three new taxa and amended descriptions of one previous species.

, one of the main genera of Hydnaceae (Cantharellales), is both ecologically and economically important. Although many studies have focused on this genus in China, the taxonomy should be further updated. In the present study, subgenera and were investigated based on morphology and molecular phylogenetic analyses with new collections from China.

Five new species of from China: Morphological characteristics, phylogenetic analyses, and toxin detection.

Many species of cause neurotoxic poisoning in humans after consumption around the world. However, the toxic species of and its toxin content remain unclear. In the present study, we proposed five new species from China, namely, , , , and .

A Contribution to Knowledge of (Hydnaceae, Cantharellales) in China: Three New Taxa and Amended Descriptions of Two Previous Species.

Species of (Hydnaceae, Cantharellales) in China are investigated on the basis of morphological and molecular phylogenetic analyses of DNA sequences from nuc 28S rDNA D1-D2 domains (28S) and nuc rDNA internal transcribed spacer ITS1-5.8S-ITS2 region. Five species are recognized in China, of which three of them are described as new, viz.

Morphological and Phylogenetic Evidences Reveal Four New Species of Subgenus (Hydnaceae, Cantharellales) From China.

Species of subgenus are interesting and important for their mycorrhizal properties, medicinal values, and edibility. In China, there are many undescribed species of the subgenus. In this study, four new species of subg.

Two new toxic yellow species from China: morphological characteristics, phylogenetic analyses and toxin detection.

Some species of caused neurotoxic poisoning after consumption around the world. However, there are a large number of species in this genus that have not been studied for their toxicity or toxin content. In this study, we report two new toxic yellow species from China based on morphological characteristics, phylogenetic analyses and toxin detection.

Cloning and analysis of Ophiocordyceps xuefengensis mating type (MAT) loci.

The entomopathogenic fungus Ophiocordyceps xuefengensis, a recently described species and identified as the sister taxon of Ophiocordyceps sinensis, is a desirable alternative to O. sinensis. The mating systems of fungi play a vitally important role in the regulation of sexual reproduction and evolution, but the mating type loci of O.

Determination of the Main Nucleosides and Nucleobases in Natural and Cultured Ophiocordyceps xuefengensis.

, a recently described species of that is associated with the larvae of (Hepialidae) in the living root or trunk of the medicinal plant , isthe largest known species and is recognized as a desirable alternative for natural . This study investigated the main nucleosides and nucleobases in natural and cultured . The contents of the nucleosides and nucleobases in the natural and cultured samples were determined by reverse phase HPLC.

[Chemical constitutents in fermental mycelium of Xylaria nigripes].

Nine known compounds, 5-hydroxy-7-methoxy-2-methyl-4-chromanone (1), 5, 7-dihydroxy-2-methyl-4-chromanone (2), 5-hydroxyl-2-methyl-4-chromanone (3), 1-(2, 6-dihydroxyphenyl)-3-hydroxybutanone(4), 5alpha, 8alpha-epidioxyergosta-6, 22-dien-3beta-ol (5), (22E,24R)-ergost-7, 22-dien-3beta, 5alpha, 6alpha-triol (6), euphorbol (7), beta-sitosterol (8) and 2-(4-hydroxyphenyl) -ethanol (9) were isolated and identified in Xylaria nigripes for the first time, and their structures were mainly determined by MS and NMR methods. Compounds 1 and 2 were isolated as the natural product for the first time.

Clinical experience in treatment of Amanita mushroom poisoning with Glossy Ganoderma Decoction and routine Western medicines.

Objective: To assess the effects of treatment of Amanita mushroom poisoning with Glossy anoderma Decoction (, GGD).

Methods: Twelve patients with acute Amanita mushroom poisoning received conventional treatment (penicillin and reduced glutathione) combined with oral administration of GGD (treated group), which was prepared out of 200 g Glossy ganoderma decocted in water to 600 mL, and 200 ml was given once, three times a day for 7 successive days; while conventional treatment alone was given to the other 11 patients assigned to the control group. The therapeutic efficacy and changes in serum levels of total bilirubin (TBil), bile acids (BA), alanine transaminase (ALT), and aspartate transaminase (AST) activities in the two groups were compared.

[Clinical observation on treatment of Russula subnigricans poisoning patients by Ganoderma lucidum decoction].

Objective: To observe the effect of Ganoderma lucidum decoction in treating Russula subnigricans poisoning (RSP) patients.

Methods: The 14 patients of RSP in the treated group were treated with GLD (GLD, one dose was prepared by 100 g of Ganoderma lucidum decocted with water to 600 ml), on the base of conventional treatment, and 11 patients received conventional therapy in the previous year were taken as control. The clinical efficacy and parameters in them were compared, including the urine N-acetyl-D-glucosaminidase (NAG, which reflects the injury of kidney), the red blood cell and protein in urine, the alanine transaminase (ALT, which reflects the injury of liver), and the aspartate aminotransferase (AST, which reflects the injury of heart).