Effect of open versus closed endotracheal suctioning on intracranial pressure in severe brain-injured children: Study protocol for a randomized controlled trial.

Aim: To compare the effects and safety of open and closed endotracheal suction in children with severe brain injury.

Design: A single-blinding, single-centre randomized controlled trial (RCT).

Methods: The children with severe brain injury admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU) from 1 September 2020-31 August 2022 will be included.

Nebulized versus invasively delivered surfactant therapy for neonatal respiratory distress syndrome: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Pulmonary surfactant (PS) is commonly used for the treatment of neonatal respiratory distress syndrome (NRDS), several randomized controlled trials (RCTs) have evaluated the role of nebulized versus invasively delivered PS, yet the results remained inconsistent. Therefore, we aimed to conduct this meta-analysis to evaluate the effects and safety of nebulized versus invasively delivered PS in the treatment of NRDS.

Methods: We searched PubMed et al databases from inception date to May 15, 2020 for RCTs that compared nebulized vs invasively delivered PS.

Is Donated Breast Milk Better Than Formula for Feeding Very Low Birth Weight Infants? A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Background: The role of donated breast milk and formula feeding in very low birth weight infants (VLBWIs) remains unclear.

Objective: The objective for this study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of breast milk and formula for feeding VLBWIs.

Methods: A comprehensive search of PubMed databases was conducted on November 30, 2018, to identify related randomized controlled trials (RCTs).

Is routine nasogastric decompression after hepatic surgery necessary? A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Objectives: Currently the nasogastric tube (NGT) is routinely inserted in clinical after abdominal surgery for decompression in China, yet the practice varies between regions, the role of NGT for the patients after hepatic surgery remains unclear. Therefore, this present meta-analysis aimed to assess the efficacy and safety of NGT placement after hepatic surgery.

Design: A systematic review and meta-analysis DATA SOURCES: PUBMED, EMBASE, Science Direct, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) and Wanfang Database (until Mar 30, 2019) were systematically searched.

Is discard better than return gastric residual aspirates: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: The assessment of residual gastric volume is common practice in critical care units. However, the effects and safety of discarding or returning gastric aspirates remain uncertain. Therefore, we aimed to evaluate the role of discarding or returning gastric aspirates on the gastric residual volumes in critically ill patients.

Humidified versus nonhumidified low-flow oxygen therapy in children with Pierre-Robin syndrome: Study protocol for a randomised controlled trial.

Aims And Objectives: To evaluate the necessity of oxygen humidification for low-flow oxygen therapy in children with Pierre-Robin syndrome.

Background: Whether to carry out humidification or not in the low-flow oxygen delivery remains unclear, and currently, there is no published study on this issue in the population of children. Therefore, it is necessary to conduct more studies to elucidate this issue.

Chlorhexidine-impregnated dressing for the prophylaxis of central venous catheter-related complications: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Several randomized controlled trials (RCTs) evaluated the role of Chlorhexidine-impregnated dressing for prophylaxis of central venous catheter (CVC) related complications, but the results remained inconsistent, updated meta-analyses on this issue are warranted.

Methods: A meta-analysis on the RCTs comparing Chlorhexidine-impregnated dressing versus other dressing or no dressing for prophylaxis of central venous catheter-related complications was performed. A comprehensive search of major databases was undertaken up to 30 Dec 2018 to identify related studies.

Roles of citric acid in conjunction with saline nebulization in experimental tracheostomy in guinea pigs.

Purpose: Tracheostomy usually accompanied by the impairment of cough reflex, which may affect the clearance of secretions and result in the occurrence and development of pulmonary inflammation. Previous research has demonstrated that citric acid could effectively evoke cough. However, there are limited data available on this topic specific to the cough stimulation method, and the roles of citric acid in tracheostomy still remain obscure.

Is continuous better than intermittent control of tracheal cuff pressure? A meta-analysis.

Aim: To compare and evaluate the efficacy and safety of continuous and intermittent control of cuff pressure.

Methods: We performed a comprehensive and systematic meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) assessing the continuous and intermittent control of P by searching PUBMED, EMBASE and other such databases (from inception to 31 March 2018). Summary odds ratios or mean differences with 95% confidence intervals were calculated using a fixed- or random-effects model.

The nasal oxygen practice in intensive care units in China: A multi-centered survey.

Background: Nurses frequently administer nasal oxygen therapy for patients in intensive care units (ICUs). However, little is known about the current status, nurses' management and perception on the nasal oxygen therapy in China. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the nasal oxygen practice of ICUs in China to provide insights into future direction.

Pannexin-1 is involved in neuronal apoptosis and degeneration in experimental intracerebral hemorrhage in rats.

Pannexins serve an important role in the regulation of extracellular neuronal regenerative currents and cellular signal transduction of glial cells; however, the effects of pannexins in various cerebrovascular diseases have not been reported. The present study focused on the expression and influence of pannexins in a rat model of intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH), and confirmed that pannexins (including Pannexin‑1, Pannexin‑2 and Pannexin‑3) are expressed in rat brain tissues. However, only the expression of Pannexin‑1 was significantly increased and peaked 48 h post‑ICH.

Chewing Gum for Intestinal Function Recovery after Colorectal Cancer Surgery: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Background: This meta-analysis was performed to assess the efficacy and safety of chewing gum in intestinal function recovery after colorectal cancer surgery.

Methods: A systematic search was conducted in PubMed, Embase, Science Direct, and Cochrane library for relevant randomized controlled trials (RCTs) published until April 2017. Summary risk ratios or weighted mean differences with 95% confidence intervals were used for continuous and dichotomous outcomes, respectively.

Neuroprotection of Botch in experimental intracerebral hemorrhage in rats.

Notch1 maturation participates in apoptosis and inflammation following intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH). It has been reported that Botch bound to and blocked Notch1 maturation. Here we estimated the role of Botch in ICH-induced secondary brain injury and underlying mechanisms.

Continuous Versus Intermittent Subglottic Secretion Drainage to Prevent Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia: A Systematic Review.

Background: Ventilator-associated pneumonia is associated with high morbidity and mortality in patients receiving mechanical ventilation. Subglottic secretion drainage, which may be performed continuously or intermittently, is believed to be an effective strategy for coping with ventilator-assisted pneumonia. Whether continuous or intermittent subglottic secretion drainage is superior for preventing ventilator-assisted pneumonia remains unknown.

Development of an Animal Model for Inducing Various Degrees of Severity of Incontinence-Associated Dermatitis.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to describe the biological changes after incontinence-associated dermatitis (IAD) induction by pancreatin in the guinea pigs and to explore the potentially appropriate timing and pancreatin concentration for IAD induction with different severity.

Design: In vivo, experimental study.

Subjects And Setting: An experimental animal model (guinea pig) in a controlled laboratory setting was used for investigation.

The physician-nurse collaboration in feeding critically ill patients: A multicenter survey.

Aims: Describe physician-nurse collaboration in feeding critically ill patients and explore the influence factors related to this collaboration, which can provide information for clinical practice and future studies.

Background: Appropriate nutrition support is essential and significant for critically ill patients, and the importance of physician-nurse collaboration in other fields has been confirmed, yet there are limited studies put insights into the status of physician-nurse collaboration in feeding critically ill patients.

Methods: A cross-sectional survey with a covering of 15 hospitals was conducted.

Therapeutic Potentials of Synapses after Traumatic Brain Injury: A Comprehensive Review.

Massive studies have focused on the understanding of the pathobiology of cellular and molecular changes and injury mechanisms after traumatic brain injury (TBI), but very few studies have specially discussed the role of synapses in the context of TBI. This paper specifically highlights the role and therapeutic potentials of synapses after TBI. First, we review and conclude how synapses interact with constant structural, metabolic, neuroendocrine, and inflammatory mechanisms after TBI.

P2X7 Participates in Intracerebral Hemorrhage-Induced Secondary Brain Injury in Rats via MAPKs Signaling Pathways.

This study aimed to study the role of P2X7 in intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH)-induced secondary brain injury (SBI) and the underlying mechanisms. An autologous blood injection was used to induce ICH model in Sprague-Dawley rats, and cultured primary rat cortical neurons were exposed to oxyhemoglobin to mimic ICH in vitro. siRNA interference and over-expression of P2X7, agonists and antagonists of P2X7, p38 MAPK and ERK were exploited.

Is humidified better than non-humidified low-flow oxygen therapy? A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Aims: To determine the effects of low-flow oxygen therapy with humidified or non-humidified oxygen in adult patients.

Background: Although non-humidified oxygen in low-flow oxygen therapy is recommended by many guidelines, humidifying oxygen regardless of oxygen flow has been routinely performed in China and Japan and further studies are needed to evaluate the evidence.

Design: A systematic review and meta-analysis that comply with the recommendations of the Cochrane Collaboration were conducted.

Chewing gum for intestinal function recovery after caesarean section: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Gum chewing has been reported to enhance the intestinal function recovery after caesarean section, current perspectives and practice guidelines vary widely on the use of gum chewing, more studies on the role of gum chewing after caesarean section are needed.

Methods: We performed a comprehensive, systematic meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) on the efficacy of gum chewing after caesarean section. Studies were identified by searching EMBASE et al database (until June 30, 2016).

The role of osmolality in saline fluid nebulization after tracheostomy: time for changing?

Background: Saline fluid nebulization is highly recommend to combat the complications following tracheostomy, yet the understandings on the role of osmolality in saline solution for nebulization remain unclear.

Objectives: To investigate the biological changes in the early stage after tracheostomy, to verify the efficacy of saline fluid nebulization and explore the potential role of osmolality of saline nebulization after tracheostomy.

Methods: Sprague-Dawley rats undergone tracheostomy were taken for study model, the sputum viscosity was detected by rotational viscometer, the expressions of TNF-α, AQP4 in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid were assessed by western blot analysis, and the histological changes in endothelium were evaluated by HE staining and scanning electron microscopy (SEM).

Intracerebral Hemorrhage, Oxidative Stress, and Antioxidant Therapy.

Hemorrhagic stroke is a common and severe neurological disorder and is associated with high rates of mortality and morbidity, especially for intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH). Increasing evidence demonstrates that oxidative stress responses participate in the pathophysiological processes of secondary brain injury (SBI) following ICH. The mechanisms involved in interoperable systems include endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, neuronal apoptosis and necrosis, inflammation, and autophagy.