Coronavirus disease 2019 outbreak in Beijing's Xinfadi Market, China: a modeling study to inform future resurgence response.

Background: A local coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) case confirmed on June 11, 2020 triggered an outbreak in Beijing, China after 56 consecutive days without a newly confirmed case. Non-pharmaceutical interventions (NPIs) were used to contain the source in Xinfadi (XFD) market. To rapidly control the outbreak, both traditional and newly introduced NPIs including large-scale management of high-risk populations and expanded severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) PCR-based screening in the general population were conducted in Beijing.

Human immunodeficiency virus/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome prevalence, incidence, and mortality in China, 1990 to 2017: a secondary analysis of the Global Burden of Disease Study 2017 data.

Background: Despite almost two decades of well-funded and comprehensive response efforts by the Chinese Government, human immunodeficiency virus/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (HIV/AIDS) remains a major problem in China. Yet, few studies have recently examined long-term trends in HIV/AIDS prevalence, incidence, and mortality at the national level. This study aimed to determine the prevalence, incidence, and mortality trends for HIV/AIDS over the past 28 years in China.

COVID-19 seeding time and doubling time model: an early epidemic risk assessment tool.

Background: As COVID-19 makes its way around the globe, each nation must decide when and how to respond. Yet many knowledge gaps persist, and many countries lack the capacity to develop complex models to assess risk and response. This paper aimed to meet this need by developing a model that uses case reporting data as input and provides a four-tiered risk assessment output.

Human immunodeficiency virus prevention strategies in China.

This paper reviews the current epidemics of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection in China, particularly the globally available prevention strategies developed and implemented. This review focuses on HIV prevention measures in general, such as education, testing, and counseling and in specific responses to transmission modes, such as blood safety, harm reduction for people who inject drugs, and condom promotion to reduce sexual transmission. We also assess newly developed prevention measures, such as prevention treatment, pre-exposure prophylaxis, post-exposure prophylaxis, male circumcision, and promising potential future preventions, including microbicides and vaccines.

A community-based comprehensive intervention to reduce syphilis infection among low-fee female sex workers in China: a matched-pair, community-based randomized study.

Background: Low-fee female sex workers (FSWs) are at high risk of acquiring and spreading human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)/sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) in China. There is an urgent need to develop comprehensive intervention measures targeted towards low-fee FSWs to reduce HIV/STD infections. Thus, this study aimed to reduce HIV/STD infections among low-fee FSW through a matched-pair, community-based randomized intervention trial carried out in 12 cities in three provinces in China.

HIV care continuum among newly diagnosed student and non-student youths between 2012 and 2016 in Hangzhou, China.

Background: Youths are disproportionally affected by the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. We aimed to assess anti-retroviral therapy (ART) initiation and viral suppression rates among student and non-student youths in Hangzhou, China.

Methods: Data were taken from the Chinese HIV/acquired immune deficiency syndrome Comprehensive Response Information Management System.

Duration of Human Immunodef iciency Virus Infection at Diagnosis among New Human Immunodef iciency Virus Cases in Dehong, Yunnan, China, 2008-2015.

Background: On diagnosis of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection, a person may have been infected already for many years. This study aimed to estimate the duration of HIV infection at the time of diagnosis.

Methods: Newly diagnosed HIV cases in Dehong, China, from 2008 to 2015 were studied.

Uptake of HIV Self-testing among Men Who have Sex with Men in Beijing, China: a Cross-sectional Study.

Objective: To examine HIV self-testing uptake and its determinates among men who have sex with men (MSM) in Beijing, China.

Methods: A cross-sectional online survey was conducted in Beijing, China in 2016. Participants were users of a popular Chinese gay networking application and had an unknown or negative HIV status.

HIV care-seeking behaviour after HIV self-testing among men who have sex with men in Beijing, China: a cross-sectional study.

Background: Men who have sex with men (MSM) has become the group with the fastest growing HIV epidemic in China. Since many Chinese MSM are conducting HIV self-testing, we aimed to determine the rate of HIV care seeking after self-testing, examine characteristics of "seekers" compared to "non-seekers," and explore factors associated with HIV care-seeking behaviour.

Methods: A cross-sectional study design was used and an online survey was conducted in Beijing, China in 2016, among users of a popular Chinese gay networking smart phone application.

Efficacy and Safety of Tenofovir and Lamivudine in Combination with Efavirenz in Patients Co-infected with Human Immunodeficiency Virus and Hepatitis B Virus in China.

Background: The prevalence of hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is high among individuals infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) in China. Both HIV and HBV can be treated with tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF) and lamivudine (3TC), so we evaluated the safety and efficacy of combination antiretroviral therapy (ART) that included TDF, 3TC, and efavirenz (EFV) among ART-naive individuals who were co-infected with HIV and HBV.

Methods: One hundred HIV/HBV co-infected ARV-naive individuals were started on the regimen of TDF, 3TC, and EFV, and the levels of plasma HBV DNA, HIV RNA, and biochemical evaluation related to the function of liver and kidney were analyzed.

[Comparison of effectiveness between two HIV screening strategies in outpatient setting].

Objective: To determine whether non-targeted testing strategy (screening all patients with blood sample withdrawn) could identify more patients with newly diagnosed HIV infection than symptom and risk behavior based targeted testing strategy or not.

Methods: Controlled trial design was applied in this study.From July to November 2011, outpatient department of L and J county hospital in Guangxi province were selected to conduct the targeted strategy and non-targeted strategy respectively.

[Current situation related to antiretroviral therapy and related influential factors on HIV infected injection drug users in the methadone maintenance treatment clinics].

Objective: To find out the current coverage of antiretroviral therapy (ART) among HIV positive subjects and to identify the major influential factors associated with the participation in ART among them.

Methods: 291 HIV positive subjects from 6 methadone maintenance treatment (MMT) clinics in Guangxi and Yunnan province were surveyed by questionnaires.

Results: 217 males (74.

[Loss to follow-up and associated factors in a cohort study among men who have sex with men].

Objective: To explore the associated factors on loss to follow-up among men who have sex with men (MSM) in a prospective cohort study.

Methods: We recruited eligible HIV-negative MSM at baseline in eight cities from June to October 2009. Interviewer-administrated questionnaire and blood testings for HIV, syphilis and human simplex virus type 2, were accomplished upon enrollment, 6-month and 12-month follow-up visits in the program.

[Factors associated with overdose-caused mortality of HIV-positive patients who were on methadone maintenance treatment program].

Objective: To study the factors that associated with the mortality of overdose on methadone maintenance treatment(MMT)among HIV-positive patients.

Methods: A 1 : 1 matched case-control design was used to identify the relationship between factors related to demography, drug use, characteristics of treatment and the mortality of overdose. 110 HIV-positive patients who died of drug overdose from March 2004 to September 2012 were defined as cases.

[Study on the incidence and risk factors of HCV infection among heroin addicts who were on methadone maintenance treatment in Dehong prefecture,Yunnan province].

Objective: To determine the incidence and risk factors of HCV infection among heroin addicts who were receiving methadone maintenance treatment(MMT)in Dehong prefecture, Yunnan province.

Methods: All heroin addicts who were HCV negative at the initiation of MMT in June 2005 through March 2012, in Dehong prefecture, were included in this cohort analysis. HCV incidence was calculated and related risk factors determined by using Cox proportional hazard regression model.

Impact of HIV/sexually transmitted infection testing on risky sexual behaviors among men who have sex with men in Langfang, China.

Background: Men who have sex with men (MSM) in China remain at high risk for HIV infection, the proportion of reported HIV/AIDS cases that occurred among MSM rose greatly from 2005 to 2011. HIV testing and counseling is a critical HIV prevention strategy among HIV related high-risk population, including MSM in China. This article aimed to assess the association between receiving HIV testing and high-risk sexual behaviors among MSM in Langfang, Hebei Province, China.

[Characteristics and associated factors of long-term retention for methadone maintenance treatment patients].

Objective: To describe the characteristics and factors associated with long-term retention for methadone maintenance treatment (MMT) patients.

Methods: This study was conducted in eight MMT clinics located in Sichuan, Yunnan, Guangxi, Guizhou and Zhejiang provinces. Five hundred and thirty-nine MMT patients who enrolled in MMT clinics in 2004 and retained in treatment by June 2010 were selected as study subjects.

[Evaluation on the long-term effectiveness among the first set eight methadone maintenance treatment clinics in China].

Objective: To evaluate the long-term effectiveness of the first set 8 methadone maintenance treatment (MMT) clinics in China.

Methods: Repeated cross-sectional surveys were conducted on the first month after the enrollment and 5 years later, among drug users who received MMT, using a standard questionnaire. Data on demographic characteristics, HIV-related high-risk behaviors, criminal records associated with drug use and related family/social functions were collected and analyzed.

[Causes of death among HIV-infected patients in Dehong prefecture, Yunnan province: 1989-2010].

Objectives: To analyze the fatality and causes of death related to comprehensive prevention and care programs among HIV-infected patients in Dehong prefecture of Yunnan province, from 1989 to 2010.

Methods: Data on HIV/AIDS death cases in Dehong prefecture were extracted from the "Chinese National Comprehensive HIV/AIDS Prevention and Care Information System" and were analyzed.

Results: From 1989 to the end of 2010, a total of 13 493 HIV/AIDS cases registered as local residents or currently living in Dehong, had been reported.

[Study on incidence of HIV infection among heroin addicts receiving methadone maintenance treatment in Dehong prefecture, Yunnan province].

Objective: To determine the incidence and risk factors of HIV infection among heroin addicts receiving methadone maintenance treatment (MMT) in Dehong prefecture, Yunnan province.

Methods: All heroin addicts who were HIV negative at the initiation of MMT in June 2005 and through June 2011, in Dehong prefecture were included in the cohort analysis. HIV incidence was calculated and related risk factors determined by using Cox proportional hazard regression model.

[Mortality of HIV infected clients treated with methadone maintenance treatment in Yili Kazakh autonomous prefecture].

Objective: To investigate the mortality of HIV infected clients from methadone maintenance treatment (MMT) clinics in Yili Kazakh autonomous prefecture as well as the factors associated with mortality of HIV infected clients.

Methods: A retrospective cohort study was performed. Data of 860 cases were collected from National Methadone Maintenance Treatment database, National AIDS/HIV database and antiretroviral therapy (ART) treatment database for adults.