Development of 3-phase fault detection, protection, and automation application with the present of DG in AC power system using GOOSE protocol.

In this research work, a protection and automation solution is developed, encompassing SEL751 and SEL751A protection relays that communicate through the IEC-61850 Generic Object-Oriented Substation Event (GOOSE) protocol to deliver high-speed detection and clearance of a 3-phase (3P) fault. The study case is a standard IEEE 13-bus grid including the main system generator (G1), power lines, loads, distributed generation (DG), bus bars, and feeders, equipped with protection relays for detecting over-current faults based on time and current. Two protection relays, B in the main system and B on the DG side, are integrated with a GOOSE protocol communication system.

Preparation, characterization, and use of novel Cu@FeO MNPs in the synthesis of tetrahydrobenzimidazo[2,1-]quinazolin-1(2)-ones and 2-indazolo[2,1-]phthalazine-triones under solvent-free conditions.

Cu@FeO MNPs as novel nanomagnetic reagents were prepared to investigate their catalytic behavior in the preparation of tetrahydrobenzimidazo[2,1-]quinazolin-1(2)-ones, as important biologically active compounds. Then, characterization of the synthesized nanoparticles was performed using different methods including Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM), energy dispersive X-ray (EDX), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). All reactions were performed with small amounts of the Cu@FeO MNPs under solvent-free conditions.