Objective: The aim of this study was to identify the culturable endophytic bacteria recovered from the Populus euphratica at the disused (122 years ago) ancient Ugan river of middle reachs of Tarim river, and to understand their Phylogenetic diversity and community structure.
Methods: Bacteria were isolated from the storage liquid in the stem of 2 Populus euphratica stands by using 3 types of different cultural medium (Luria-Bertani, Trypticase Soy Agar and Nutrient Agar), followed carry out 16S rDNA identifications and analysis of their biodiversity.
Results: A total of 62 phenotypically different isolates were sequenced and according to their 16S rDNA sequence similarities to type strains of described organisms, they have been placed into four phylogenetic groups (1, Firmicutes; 2, Actinobacteria; 3, Alpha Proteobacteria and 4, Gamma Proteobacteria), 18 genera and 32 species.