Pyrolae herba: A review on its botany, traditional uses, phytochemistry, pharmacology and quality control.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Pyrolae herba is the dried whole plant of Pyrola calliantha H. Andres or Pyrola decorata H. Andres (Pyrolaceae).

Traditional uses, phytochemistry, pharmacology, toxicity and quality control of medicinal genus Aralia: A review.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Aralia, which belongs to Araliaceae family, is mainly distributed in Asia, such as China, Japan and South Korea. It has a long medicinal history and is widely used in the treatment of various diseases, such as hepatitis, rheumatoid arthritis, bruises, lumps and carbuncles.

Aim Of The Study: The purpose of this review is to systematically evaluate the traditional uses, phytochemistry, pharmacology, toxicity and quality control of main medicinal plants of Aralia, discusses the application of ethnic medicine, modern scientific research and the relationship between them, and put forward some suggestions to promote the further development and utilization of Aralia.

A review of Cremastra appendiculata (D.Don) Makino as a traditional herbal medicine and its main components.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Cremastra appendiculata (D.Don) Makino is a herbal medicine with a medicinal history of more than a thousand years in China. It is traditionally used to treat carbuncle, swelling, abscess, fistula, scrofula and scleroma (related to modern lymph node enlargement and various tumors.

The Traditional Uses, Phytochemistry and Pharmacology of (Thunb.) Nakai, a Chinese Herb With Potential for Development: Review.

(Thunb.) Nakai is a folk medicine with a long history in China, which has been applied to treat sore throat, abscess, even tumor and so on. Meanwhile, it is also used as tea in some areas.

L., an Excellent Herbal Medicine Widely Used in China: A Review.

L. (synonym: L.; ; family: Polygonaceae) is a kind of folk traditional Chinese medicine with a long history of wide use in the treatment of ancient internal, surgical, and gynecological diseases.

Fingerprint-efficacy study of artificial Calculus bovis in quality control of Chinese materia medica.

For quality control of Chinese materia medica (CMM), an attempt on fingerprint-efficacy study of artificial Calculus bovis was developed in this work. Chemical fingerprints of artificial C. bovis samples from ten different sources were determined by UPLC-ELSD and investigated by similarity analysis and hierarchical clustering analysis.

Antifungal evaluation of cholic acid and its derivatives on Candida albicans by microcalorimetry and chemometrics.

In the last few years, several fungus infections caused by multidrug-resistant pathogenic agents have got tremendous emergence and prevalence. Screening for novel antifungal agents is in great demand, but traditional microbiological techniques are far from sufficient to meet that requirement. In this study, a non-invasive and non-destructive microcalorimetric method was performed to investigate the antifungal activities of cholic acid (CA) and its derivatives, glycocholic acid (GCA) and taurocholic acid (TCA) on the multiplying and non-multiplying metabolism of Candida albicans.

Quality control for Coptidis rhizoma through the determination of five alkaloids by HPLC-ELSD coupled with chemometrics.

A simple, sensitive and reliable high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method with evaporative light scattering detection (ELSD) has been developed for simultaneous determination of five major alkaloids in Coptidis rhizoma. Simultaneous separation of five alkaloids was achieved on a Kromasil C₁₈ analytical column (250 mm x 4.6 mm, 5 µm) with the isocratic elution of acetonitrile : water (30:70, v/v, the pH was adjusted to 6.

Screening for novel antibacterial agents based on the activities of compounds on metabolism of Escherichia coli: a microcalorimetric study.

The emergence and prevalence of resistance to antibacterial agents is a pressing threaten for human health. Screening for novel antibacterial agents targeting not only multiplying but also non-multiplying bacteria using appropriate approach is in great demand. In this study, the microcalorimetric method was used to measure the metabolic curves of E.

Microcalorimetric investigation of the toxic action of berberine on Tetrahymena thermophila BF(5).

Tetrahymena thermophila (T. thermophila) BF(5) produces heat through growth and metabolism. By microcalorimetry, the power-time curves of the metabolism of T.

Comparative study of effects of two bile acid derivatives on Staphylococcus aureus by multiple analytical methods.

The effects of two bile acid derivatives, cholic acid (CA) and deoxycholic acid (DCA) on Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) growth were investigated and compared by microcalorimetry coupled with multiple analytical methods. The heat power (HP)-time curves of S.

Determination of multicomponent contents in Calculus bovis by ultra-performance liquid chromatography-evaporative light scattering detection and its application for quality control.

A fast ultra-performance liquid chromatography-evaporative light scattering detection (UPLC-ELSD) method was established for simultaneous quantification of seven components in natural Calculus bovis (C. bovis) and its substitutes or spurious breeds. On a Waters Acquity UPLC BEH C(18) column, seven analytes were efficiently separated using 0.

Quantitative and chemical fingerprint analysis for quality control of rhizoma Coptidischinensis based on UPLC-PAD combined with chemometrics methods.

To control the quality of rhizoma Coptidis, a method based on ultra performance liquid chromatography with photodiode array detector (UPLC-PAD) was developed for quantitative analysis of five active alkaloids and chemical fingerprint analysis. In quantitative analysis, the five alkaloids showed good regression (R > 0.9992) within test ranges and the recovery of the method was in the range of 98.

Action of palmatine on Tetrahymena thermophila BF5 growth investigated by microcalorimetry.

Using a thermal activity monitor (TAM) air isothermal microcalorimeter with ampoule mode, the thermo-genic curves of the metabolism of Tetrahymena thermophila BF(5) growth at 28 degrees C were obtained and the action of palmatine on it was investigated. Meanwhile, the biomass change during the process of T. thermophila BF(5) growth coexisted with palmatine was studied by a haemacytometer.

Spectrum-effect relationships between ultra performance liquid chromatography fingerprints and anti-bacterial activities of Rhizoma coptidis.

The fingerprints of Rhizoma coptidis from various sources were established by ultra performance liquid chromatography (UPLC) and the anti-bacterial activities of R. coptidis on Escherichia coli (E. coli) growth was studied by microcalarimetry.

[Methodological study on quality evaluation of rhubarb based on purgative bioassay].

Objective: To establish a method suitable to determine the purgative biopotency of rhubarb and construct a new quality evaluation pattern of rhubarb.

Method: A series of factors such as observation index (mass of feces in 10 hours), animal strain (ICR mice), sex (male) and the dose of diphenoxylate complex (50 mg x kg(-1)) was investigated and fixed. The purgative biopotency as well as anthraquinone determination was used to evaluate the quality of different rhubarb samples.

[Effects of 3 genosides on bio-thermodynamic expression of splenic lymphocyte in mice].

Objective: To establish a new method for screening active ingredients of Chinese herbs by determining different bio-thermodynamic effects of 3 genosides on splenic lymphocyte of mice.

Methods: Using a thermal bioactivity monitoring system, the maximum heat output (mHO), average metabolic heat (MH) and constant of decrease rate (DR) of lymphocyte were determined based on the growth metabolic power-time curve, and the outcomes were verified by MIT.

Results: The mHO and MH increased and the DR decreased after lymphocytes being exposed to the 3 genosides in different concentrations, arranged upon their potency as genoside Rg3 > genoside Rg2 > genoside Rg1 (merely insignificant effect).

[The determination of contents of 8 ginsenosides in extraction of Panax ginseng by HPLC].

Objective: To establish a method to determine the contents of 8 ginsenosides in extraction of Panax ginseng by HPLC.

Methods: The sample was analyzed on an ODS chromatogram column (Kromasil 250 mm x 4.6 mm, 5 microm), with mobile phase of acetonitrile-water (gradient elution) at flow rate 1.

Direct determination of fourteen underivatized amino acids from Whitmania pigra by using liquid chromatography-evaporative light scattering detection.

A new reversed phase high performance liquid chromatography-evaporative light scattering detection (RP-HPLC-ELSD) method has been developed for the direct determination of fourteen amino acids in Whitmania pigra, a commonly used traditional Chinese medicine (TCM). Simultaneous separation of these fourteen amino acids was achieved on a Prevail C18 column. Under the condition of gradient elution, the fourteen amino acids were separated within 25 min.