Retrospective review of serum and urinary lithogenic risk factors in patients with osteoporosis and osteopenia.

Objective: To analyze differences in bone remodeling markers, lithogenic factors and bone densitometry among the 3 groups of patients (controls, patients with relapsing calcium renal lithiasis, and patients with loss of bone mineral density without lithiasis).

Material And Methods: This is a cross-sectional study including 203 patients who were divided in 3 groups: group 1 (controls), group 2 (patients with relapsing calcium renal lithiasis), and group 3 (patients with osteopenia and/or osteoporosis in the lumbar spine or hip). Bone densitometry, calcium-phosphorous and bone metabolism analysis, and analysis of lithogenic risk factors in fasting urine samples and 24-hour urine samples were performed.

Outcome of urethral strictures treated by endoscopic urethrotomy and urethroplasty.

Introduction: We analyze the outcomes of patients with urethral stricture who underwent surgical treatment within the past 5 years.

Methods: This is a retrospective study of male patients who underwent surgery for urethral stricture at our service from January 2008 to June 2012. We analyzed the comorbidities, type, length and location of the stricture and the surgical treatment outcome after endoscopic urethrotomy, urethroplasty or both.

Pre-chemotherapy abiraterone acetate. A proposal of a treatment algorithm in castration resistant prostate cancer.

Context: Prostate cancer treatment remains a challenge for the urologist. Medical control in locally advanced or metastatic prostate cancer is usually performed with LHRH analogues and/or antiandrogens. Different treatments have been proposed when there is biochemical and clinical progression of the disease and other new ones have changed the patients' perspective and life expectancy.

Urachal anomalies in children: surgical or conservative treatment?

Objective: To shed light on the current controversy regarding the best treatment option for managing urachal anomalies in children.

Patients And Methods: A retrospective follow-up of a case series comprising 13 children who were diagnosed with urachal anomalies was performed. All cases were diagnosed between 2000 and 2011 and followed up at the Pediatric Urology Unit of San Cecilio University Hospital in Granada (Spain).

Retroperitoneal schwannoma. A complex surgical treatment of a tumor with uncertain behavior.

Background: Retroperitoneal schwannoma is a rare nerve sheath tumor; the surgical removal of this tumor is sometimes compromised by its location. The aim of this study is to analyze our experience with the diagnosis and treatment of this type of tumor.

Method: We present our experience between 1999 and 2011 in the diagnosis and treatment of retroperitoneal schwannoma.

Endoscopic treatment of ureterovesical junction obstructive pathology: A description of the oblique meatotomy technique and results.

Background: Benign obstructive pathology of the ureterovesical junction includes congenital and acquired illnesses. The objective of this study was to describe the endoscopic oblique meatotomy technique using scissors and cold cutting to treat benign obstructive pathology of the ureterovesical junction.

Methods: From 2007 to 2012, we treated 18 patients with obstructive pathology of the ureterovesical junction (5 megaureters [3 with lithiasis], 4 iatrogenic stenoses, and 9 ureteroceles with lithiasis).

Erectile dysfunction, metabolic syndrome and arterial disease. Clinical-pathological relation by carotid ultrasonography.

Introduction: Different studies have shown the relationship between erectile dysfunction, metabolic syndrome and cardiovascular disease. The objective of this study was to evaluate the presence of arteriopathy performing carotid ultrasound in patients with and without erectile dysfunction.

Material And Methods: We conducted a case-control study with 44 patients consulting for erectile dysfunction and 20 controls.

Association of severe calcium lithogenic activity and bone remodeling markers.

Objective: To establish cutoff points for markers of bone remodeling that allow for screening of patients at risk for serious lithogenic activity.

Materials And Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study with 182 patients (aged between 25 and 60 years) divided into 3 groups: group 1, 56 patients without lithiasis; group 2, 67 patients with light calcium lithiasis; and group 3, 59 patients with severe calcium lithiasis. The criteria for inclusion in and exclusion from the study were established, and light and severe lithogenic activity were defined.

Calcium renal lithiasis and bone mineral density. Importance of bone metabolism in urinary lithiasis.

Context: Calcium Nephrolithiasis is a multifactorial disease; in its pathophysiology is involved various minerals and metabolic factors that may be altered, including bone and phosphor-calcium metabolism.

Objective: To establish the scientific evidence and demonstrate the relationship between calcium nephrolithiasis and bone mineral density loss, through the use of bone turnover markers, serum and urinary metabolites.

Evidence Acquisition: We performed a PubMed literature review using different MeSH Terms like "Nephrolithiasis", "Bone mineral density", "Urinary stones", "Calcium", Bone resorption" and "Bone formation", with different combinations.

Effects of aminobisphosphonates and thiazides in patients with osteopenia/osteoporosis, hypercalciuria, and recurring renal calcium lithiasis.

Objective: To analyze the effects of aminobisphosphonates and thiazides on renal lithogenic activity and bone mineral density in patients with recurring renal calcium lithiasis.

Materials And Methods: A prospective cohort study with 3 years of clinical follow-up data was performed. The study included 2 groups of patients with recurring calcium lithiasis, hypercalciuria, and bone mineral density loss.

Metabolic-mineral study in patients with renal calcium lithiasis, severe lithogenic activity and loss of bone mineral density.

Introduction: This study assessed the presence of osteoporosis/osteopenia in patients with severe lithogenic activity and compared their metabolisms with those in patients without lithiasis or with mild lithogenic activity.

Methods: From a sample of 182 patients, those with osteopenia/osteoporosis at the hip and lumbar spine were studied separately in a two-pronged study. 66 patients with bone mineral densities (BMDs) < -1 standard deviation (SD) on a T-score scale at the hip were divided into three groups: group A1 without lithiasis (n = 15); group A2 with lithiasis and mild lithogenic activity (n = 22); and group A3 with lithiasis and severe lithogenic activity (n = 29).

Vesicoureteral refulx in overactive bladder: medical resolution through botulin toxin injection.

Objective: Overactive bladder may have a neurogenic or non neurogenic origin. Sometimes, as a result of detrusor overactivity, disorders of the upper urinary tract function may appear. One of these alterations may be the appearance of associated vesicoureteral reflux.

Metabolic syndrome, hormone levels, and inflammation in patients with erectile dysfunction.

Background: The end point of this study was to investigate the prevalence of MS in patients with ED in comparison with control subjects and to analyse the association with acute phase reactants (CRP, ESR) and hormone levels.

Methods: This case-control study included 65 patients, 37 with erectile dysfunction, according to the International Index of Erectile Function (IIEF) from the Urology Department of San Cecilio University Hospital, Granada (Spain) and 28 healthy controls. The prevalence of metabolic syndrome was calculated according to ATP-III criteria.

Hyperthyroidism as a clinical manifestation of a embryonal carcinoma of the testis.

This case report describes a case of hyperthyroidism as manifestation of an embryonal carcinoma, and illustrates the causes that led to it. The case describes a 33-year-old male patient who complained of chest pain, palpitations, mild dyspnoea, and weight loss. Blood analysis reveals high levels of human chorionic gonadotropin (833818 mlU/ml), T3 (16.

Osteopenia/osteoporosis in patients with calcium nephrolithiasis.

The objective of this study is to analyze the alterations in bone mineral density and bone and calcium-phosphorus metabolism in patients with calcium nephrolithiasis. We designed a study with 182 patients who were distributed among three groups: group O, 56 patients without nephrolithiasis; group A, 67 patients with calcium nephrolithiasis and mild lithogenic activity; and group B, 59 patients with calcium nephrolithiasis and severe lithogenic activity. Metabolic parameters of blood and urine that were related to calcium-phosphorous and bone metabolism and bone densitometry were assessed in all patients.

Clinical efficacy in the treatment of overactive bladder refractory to anticholinergics by posterior tibial nerve stimulation.

Purpose: Overactive bladder (OAB) is a clinical syndrome that is currently treated initially with anticholinergics, although some other therapeutic alternatives exist, such as neuromodulation, botulinum toxin, and posterior tibial nerve stimulation (PTNS). The purpose of this study was to assess the efficacy of PTNS in patients with OAB refractory to anticholinergics.

Materials And Methods: We present a cohort study of 14 women with OAB to whom we applied PTNS.

Segmental testicular infarction: partial orchiectomy in a very rare pathology.

Segmental testicular infarctions are a rare disease with a low prevalence and few cases have been reported in the literature. We present a 26-year-old male without any relevant medical history who consulted at the Urology Department due to mild pain in the right testicle over the last month. He had no previous trauma or acute testicular pain.

Importance of citrate and the calcium : citrate ratio in patients with calcium renal lithiasis and severe lithogenesis.

Unlabelled: Different studies have shown the importance of citrate in the formation of calcium stones. It has further been shown that the states of metabolic acidosis result in an increase in bone resorption and lower urinary citrate levels. Increasing the intake of citrate in these patients can reduce the lithogenic risk and improve bone mineral density (BMD), contributing to control of both diseases.

Complications from the placement of a tension-free suburethral sling using the transobturator and retropubic methods for treatment of female urinary incontinence.

Objective: The aim of our study was to retrospectively analyze surgical complications arising from the collocation of suburethral mesh in the lower urinary tract, using both the transobturator and retropubic methods.

Patients And Methods: During the period between November 2002 and June 2011, we retrospectively studied 190 patients that were treated for stress urinary incontinence using a tension-free suburethral sling. 50 patients were treated using the retropubic route (SPARC®), and 140 patients were treated using a transobturator (MONARC®).

Hypercalciuria, hyperoxaluria, and hypocitraturia screening from random urine samples in patients with calcium lithiasis.

Calcium lithiasis is the most frequently diagnosed renal lithiasis and is associated with a high percentage of patients with metabolic disorders, such as hypercalciuria, hypocitraturia, and hyperoxaluria. The present study included 50 patients with recurrent calcium lithiasis. We conducted a random urine test during nocturnal fasting and a 24-h urine test, and examined calcium, oxalate, and citrate.