Transanal vs Laparoscopic Total Mesorectal Excision and 3-Year Disease-Free Survival in Rectal Cancer: The TaLaR Randomized Clinical Trial.

Importance: Previous studies have demonstrated the advantages of short-term histopathological outcomes and complications associated with transanal total mesorectal excision (TME) compared with laparoscopic TME. However, the long-term oncological outcomes of transanal TME remain ambiguous. This study aims to compare 3-year disease-free survival of transanal TME with laparoscopic TME.

Predictive value and model construction of preoperative nutritional indexes for postoperative leakage in gastric cancer.

Objective: We aimed to explore the predictive significance of the nutritional indexes in the occurrence of postoperative leakage after gastrectomy, aiming to develop and validate a predictive nomogram for assessing the risk of these complications.

Methods: Patients undergoing radical gastrectomy for gastric cancer were studied, using data from The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University (2019-2022, n = 1075) for nomogram development and an external cohort from Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center (2022, n = 286) for validation. The model, focusing on postoperative leakage, was constructed through univariate and backward stepwise regression.

HIST1H2BK predicts neoadjuvant-chemotherapy response and mediates 5-fluorouracil resistance of gastric cancer cells.

Background: Neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT) is routinely used to treat patients with advanced gastric cancer (AGC). However, the identification of reliable markers to determine which AGC patients would benefit from NACT remains challenging.

Methods: A systematic screening of plasma proteins between NACT-sensitive and NACT-resistant AGC patients was performed by a mass spectrometer (n = 6).

Inhibition of co-occurring weeds and young sugarcane seedling growth by perennial sugarcane root extract.

Allelopathy is a process whereby a plant directly or indirectly promotes or inhibits growth of surrounding plants. Perennial sugarcane root extracts from various years significantly inhibited Bidens pilosa, Digitaria sanguinalis, sugarcane stem seedlings, and sugarcane tissue-cultured seedlings (P < 0.05), with maximum respective allelopathies of - 0.

Evaluation of transrectal ultrasound-guided tru-cut biopsy as a complementary method for predicting pathological complete response in rectal cancer after neoadjuvant treatment: a phase II prospective and diagnostic trial.

Importance: Patients with pathological complete response (pCR) of rectal cancer following neoadjuvant treatment had better oncological outcomes. However, reliable methods for accurately predicting pCR remain limited.

Objective: To evaluate whether transrectal ultrasound-guided tru-cut biopsy (TRUS-TCB) adds diagnostic value to conventional modalities for predicting pathological complete response in patients with rectal cancer after neoadjuvant treatment.

Phylogeny and Genetic Divergence among Sorghum Mosaic Virus Isolates Infecting Sugarcane.

Sorghum mosaic virus (SrMV, the genus of the family ) is a causal agent of common mosaic in sugarcane and poses a threat to the global sugar industry. In this study, a total of 901 sugarcane leaf samples with mosaic symptom were collected from eight provinces in China and were detected via RT-PCR using a primer pair specific to the SrMV coat protein (). These leaf samples included 839 samples from modern cultivars ( spp.

LAD1 promotes malignant progression by diminishing ubiquitin-dependent degradation of vimentin in gastric cancer.

Background: Ladinin-1 (LAD1), an anchoring filament protein, has been associated with several cancer types, including cancers of the colon, lungs, and breast. However, it is still unclear how and why LAD1 causes gastric cancer (GC).

Methods: Multiple in vitro and in vivo, functional gains and loss experiments were carried out in the current study to confirm the function of LAD1.

ADAMTS12 promotes oxaliplatin chemoresistance and angiogenesis in gastric cancer through VEGF upregulation.

Background: While ADAMTS12 (A disintegrin and metalloproteinase with thrombospondin motifs 12) has been established as an important regulator of gastrointestinal tumor development and angiogenic activity, the precise mechanistic functions of ADAMTS12 have yet to be fully clarified in gastric cancer (GC). Accordingly, this study was developed to explore the molecular functions of ADAMTS12 in GC and to examine its utility as a biomarker associated with chemoresistance and prognostic outcomes in this cancer type.

Methods: The ability of ADAMTS12 to modulate the proliferative, migratory, invasive, chemoresistant, and tube formation activity of tumor cells was assessed in vivo and in vitro through gain- and loss-of-function approaches.

Induction of filopodia formation by α-Actinin-2 via RelA with a feedforward activation loop promoting overt bone marrow metastasis of gastric cancer.

Background: Bone marrow metastasis (BMM) is underestimated in gastric cancer (GC). GC with BMM frequently complicate critical hematological abnormalities like diffused intravascular coagulation and microangiopathic hemolytic anemia, which constitute a highly aggressive GC (HAGC) subtype. HAGC present a very poor prognosis with peculiar clinical and pathological features when compared with not otherwise specified advanced GC (NAGC).

The association between fasting blood glucose and prognosis in gastrointestinal stromal tumor patients after curable resection.

Blood glucose has been demonstrated to serve as prognostic indicators in various malignancies. This study aimed to explore the relationship between fasting blood glucose (FBG) levels and the prognosis in patients with gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST) undergoing complete resection. Data were retrospectively collected from 256 patients with primary GIST underwent complete surgical resection or endoscopic excision.

A retrospective analysis based on multiple machine learning models to predict lymph node metastasis in early gastric cancer.

Background: Endoscopic submucosal dissection has become the primary option of treatment for early gastric cancer. However, lymph node metastasis may lead to poor prognosis. We analyzed factors related to lymph node metastasis in EGC patients, and we developed a construction prediction model with machine learning using data from a retrospective series.

Response mechanisms of sugarcane seedlings to the allelopathic effects of root aqueous extracts from sugarcane ratoons of different ages.

Sugarcane ratoon performance declines with increasing age due to the intergenerational accumulation and release of allelochemicals by old sugarcane roots. We aimed to clarify the effects of these allelochemicals on sugarcane seedling growth under continuous sugarcane ratoon cropping. We investigated the allelopathic effects of treatment with root aqueous extracts from sugarcane ratoons of different ages on the osmoregulatory substance content, antioxidant enzyme activity, membrane lipid peroxidation product content, photosynthetic physiological characteristics, and root exudate enzymatic characteristics of sugarcane seedlings.

The Novel Protein ADAMTS16 Promotes Gastric Carcinogenesis by Targeting IFI27 through the NF-κb Signaling Pathway.

A disintegrin and metalloproteinase with thrombospondin motifs 16 (ADAMTS16) has been reported to be involved in the pathogenesis of solid cancers. However, its role in gastric cancer (GC) is unclear. In this study, the role of ADAMTS16 in gastric cancer was investigated.

ADAMTS10 inhibits aggressiveness via JAK/STAT/c-MYC pathway and reprograms macrophage to create an anti-malignant microenvironment in gastric cancer.

Background: A disintegrin and metalloproteinase with thrombospondin motifs 10 (ADAMTS10) plays a role in extracellular matrix and correlates with Weill-Marchesani syndrome. However, its role in gastric cancer remains unknown. Thus, we started this research to unveil the role of ADAMTS10 in gastric cancer (GC).

Morbidity, Mortality, and Pathologic Outcomes of Transanal Versus Laparoscopic Total Mesorectal Excision for Rectal Cancer Short-term Outcomes From a Multicenter Randomized Controlled Trial.

Objective: To determine the morbidity, mortality, and pathologic outcomes of transanal total mesorectal resection (taTME) versus laparoscopic total mesorectal excision (laTME) among patients with rectal cancer with clinical stage I to III rectal cancer below the peritoneal reflection.

Background: Studies with sufficient numbers of patients allowing clinical acceptance of taTME for rectal cancer are lacking. Thus, we launched a randomized clinical trial to compare the safety and efficacy of taTME versus laTME.

Bio-fertilizer Affects Structural Dynamics, Function, and Network Patterns of the Sugarcane Rhizospheric Microbiota.

Fertilizers and microbial communities that determine fertilizer efficiency are key to sustainable agricultural development. Sugarcane is an important sugar cash crop in China, and using bio-fertilizers is important for the sustainable development of China's sugar industry. However, information on the effects of bio-fertilizers on sugarcane soil microbiota has rarely been studied.

NGFR Increases the Chemosensitivity of Colorectal Cancer Cells by Enhancing the Apoptotic and Autophagic Effects of 5-fluorouracil the Activation of S100A9.

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is currently the third leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide, and 5-fluorouracil (5-FU)-based chemotherapies serve as important adjuvant therapies before and after surgery for CRC. However, the efficacy of CRC chemotherapy is limited by chemoresistance, and therefore the discovery of novel markers to indicate chemosensitivity is essential. Nerve growth factor receptor (NGFR), a cell surface receptor, is involved in cell death and survival.

ADAMTS19 Suppresses Cell Migration and Invasion by Targeting S100A16 via the NF-κB Pathway in Human Gastric Cancer.

A Disintegrin and Metalloproteinase with Thrombospondin motifs 19 (ADAMTS19) has been reported to participate in the pathogenesis of solid cancers. However, its role in gastric cancer (GC) remains undocumented. Using immunohistochemistry (IHC) staining and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) on GC tissues and adjacent normal tissues, we found that ADAMTS19 was downregulated in GC tissues (IHC: < 0.

College of American Pathologists Tumor Regression Grading System for Long-Term Outcome in Patients with Locally Advanced Rectal Cancer.

Background: The National Comprehensive Cancer Network's Rectal Cancer Guideline Panel recommends American Joint Committee of Cancer and College of American Pathologists (AJCC/CAP) tumor regression grading (TRG) system to evaluate pathologic response to neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy for locally advanced rectal cancer (LARC). Yet, the clinical significance of the AJCC/CAP TRG system has not been fully defined.

Materials And Methods: This was a multicenter, retrospectively recruited, and prospectively maintained cohort study.

A validated tool of combining risk factors with fecal immunochemical test for selecting colonoscopy in asymptomatic Chinese population.

Fecal immunochemical test (FIT) is often used for preselection for colonoscopy, but FIT has nonoptimal sensitivity. Selection of study participant for colonoscopy based on the result of combining FIT with risk factors could improve the sensitivity of a screening program. We aimed to develop a risk prediction system of colorectal neoplasia among asymptomatic Chinese subjects.

Functional jejunal interposition versus Roux-en-Y anastomosis after total gastrectomy for gastric cancer: A prospective randomized clinical trial.

Background: Nutritional status and quality of life deteriorate significantly after total gastrectomy for patients with gastric cancer. The numerous types of reconstruction proposed by medical researchers around the world have limited effect. This prospective, randomized clinical trial compared functional jejunal interposition with Roux-en-Y anastomosis to identify the optimal reconstruction procedure.

International consensus on natural orifice specimen extraction surgery (NOSES) for gastric cancer (2019).

At present, natural orifice specimen extraction surgery (NOSES) has attracted more and more attention worldwide, because of its great advantages including minimal cutaneous trauma and post-operative pain, fast post-operative recovery, short hospital stay, and positive psychological impact. However, NOSES for the treatment of gastric cancer (GC) is still in its infancy, and there is great potential to improve its theoretical system and clinical practice. Especially, several key points including oncological outcomes, bacteriological concerns, indication selection, and standardized surgical procedures are raised with this innovative technique.