Characterization, Selection, and Trans-Species Polymorphism in the MHC Class II of Heermann's Gull (Charadriiformes).

The major histocompatibility complex (MHC) enables vertebrates to cope with pathogens and maintain healthy populations, thus making it a unique set of loci for addressing ecology and evolutionary biology questions. The aim of our study was to examine the variability of Heermann's Gull MHC class II (MHCIIB) and compare these loci with other Charadriiformes. Fifty-nine MHCIIB haplotypes were recovered from sixty-eight Heermann's Gulls by cloning, of them, twelve were identified as putative true alleles, forty-five as unique alleles, and two as pseudogenes.

Outer Membrane Vesicles of Gram-Negative Bacteria: An Outlook on Biogenesis.

Outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) from Gram-negative bacteria were first described more than 50 years ago. However, the molecular mechanisms involved in biogenesis began to be studied only in the last few decades. Presently, the biogenesis and molecular mechanisms for their release are not completely known.

Comparative proteomic analysis of outer membrane vesicles from Brucella suis, Brucella ovis, Brucella canis and Brucella neotomae.

Gram-negative bacteria release nanovesicles, called outer membrane vesicles (OMVs), from their outer membrane. Proteomics has been used to determine their composition. OMVs contain proteins able to elicit an immune response, so they have been proposed as a model to develop acellular vaccines.

Outer Membrane Vesicles From Modulate Immune Response and Induce Cytoskeleton Rearrangement in Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells.

Similar to what has been described in other Gram-negative bacteria, releases outer membrane vesicles (OMVs). OMVs from 16M and the rough-mutant VTRM1 were able to induce a protective immune response against virulent in mice models. The presence of some proteins which had previously been reported to induce protection against were found in the proteome of OMVs from 16M.

Proteomic Analysis of Membrane Blebs of 2308 and RB51 and Their Evaluation as an Acellular Vaccine.

Membrane blebs are released from Gram-negative bacteria, however, little is known about blebs. This work pursued two objectives, the first was to determine and identify the proteins in the membrane blebs by proteomics and analysis. The second aim was to evaluate the use of membrane blebs of 2308 and RB51 as an acellular vaccine and .

Emergence of soil bacterial ecotypes along a climate gradient.

The high diversity of soil bacteria is attributed to the spatial complexity of soil systems, where habitat heterogeneity promotes niche partitioning among bacterial taxa. This premise remains challenging to test, however, as it requires quantifying the traits of closely related soil bacteria and relating these traits to bacterial abundances and geographic distributions. Here, we sought to investigate whether the widespread soil taxon Curtobacterium consists of multiple coexisting ecotypes with differential geographic distributions.

Microdiversity of an Abundant Terrestrial Bacterium Encompasses Extensive Variation in Ecologically Relevant Traits.

Much genetic diversity within a bacterial community is likely obscured by microdiversity within operational taxonomic units (OTUs) defined by 16S rRNA gene sequences. However, it is unclear how variation within this microdiversity influences ecologically relevant traits. Here, we employ a multifaceted approach to investigate microdiversity within the dominant leaf litter bacterium, , which comprises 7.

The Genome Sequence of Strain CL Has a Large Repertoire of Insertion Sequence Elements.

The draft genome sequence of strain CL serovar C is reported here. The genome comprises 154 contigs corresponding to 2.4 Mb with 41% G+C content and many insertion sequence (IS) elements, a characteristic not previously reported in .

Phenotypic Microdiversity and Phylogenetic Signal Analysis of Traits Related to Social Interaction in spp. from Sediment Communities.

Understanding the relationship between phylogeny and predicted traits is important to uncover the dimension of the predictive power of a microbial composition approach. Numerous works have addressed the taxonomic composition of bacteria in communities, but little is known about trait heterogeneity in closely related bacteria that co-occur in communities. We evaluated a sample of 467 isolates from the Churince water system of the Cuatro Cienegas Basin (CCB), enriched for spp.

Microevolution Analysis of Bacillus coahuilensis Unveils Differences in Phosphorus Acquisition Strategies and Their Regulation.

Bacterial genomes undergo numerous events of gene losses and gains that generate genome variability among strains of the same species (microevolution). Our aim was to compare the genomes and relevant phenotypes of three Bacillus coahuilensis strains from two oligotrophic hydrological systems in the Cuatro Ciénegas Basin (México), to unveil the environmental challenges that this species cope with, and the microevolutionary differences in these genotypes. Since the strains were isolated from a low P environment, we placed emphasis on the search of different phosphorus acquisition strategies.