The evolution of cropping structure in prehistoric Xizang.

The origin and spread of agriculture facilitated a decline in human mobility and eventually led to a predominantly sedentary lifestyle globally, including on the Tibetan Plateau. Previous studies have proposed an evolution of prehistoric agriculture, from millet-based to barley-based farming. However, details regarding the process are vague.

Major adverse outcomes in patients with acute type A aortic dissection undergoing total arch replacement with frozen elephant trunk procedure.

Background: The objective of this investigation was to identify the risk factors linked to major adverse outcomes (MAO) subsequent to total arch replacement with frozen elephant trunk procedure (TAR+FET) surgery among patients diagnosed with acute type A aortic dissection (ATAAD). Additionally, the study aimed to elucidate the influence of these adverse outcomes on the long-term prognosis of the patients.

Method: 670 ATAAD patients received the TAR+FET procedure.

Predictive value of preoperative platelet count and D-dimer levels for spinal cord injury following acute type a aortic dissection.

Background: This study aims to identify the risk factors contributing to spinal cord injury (SCI) following a type A acute aortic dissection (TA-AAD).

Methods: This retrospective study was conducted at a single center and involved 481 patients who received frozen elephant trunk stent implantation for TA-AAD. Additionally, these patients underwent total arch replacement with deep hypothermic circulatory arrest.

Posterior False Lumen and Paraplegia After FET Procedure in Acute Type A Aortic Dissection.

Background: Postoperative paraplegia is the major concern with the frozen elephant trunk (FET) procedure in patients with acute type A aortic dissection (ATAAD). It is crucial to identify patients with a high risk of paraplegia before implementing the FET procedure.

Methods: From January 2013 to December 2018, 544 patients with ATAAD who underwent FET procedures were included in this study.

Risk factors and early outcomes of prolonged mechanical ventilation following redo aortic arch surgery: A retrospective study.

Background: Redo aortic arch surgery is complex and associated with higher risks and mortality. Prolonged mechanical ventilation (PMV) after cardiac surgery is linked to early adverse outcomes and increased costs.

Objectives: Identify specific risk factors and early complications associated with PMV following redo aortic arch surgery.

Effectiveness of VA-ECMO plus intra-aortic balloon pump for cardiac shock in patients with type A aortic dissection: a case series.

Limited reports exist on the utilization of venoarterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (VA-ECMO) following aortic dissection surgery, possibly due to concerns regarding complications. This case series aimed to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of using VA-ECMO in combination with intra-aortic balloon pump (IABP) for managing postoperative cardiogenic shock in patients with type A aortic dissection (AAD). The study included nine patients with an average age of 57.

Paleoproteomic evidence reveals dairying supported prehistoric occupation of the highland Tibetan Plateau.

The extreme environments of the Tibetan Plateau offer considerable challenges to human survival, demanding novel adaptations. While the role of biological and agricultural adaptations in enabling early human colonization of the plateau has been widely discussed, the contribution of pastoralism is less well understood, especially the dairy pastoralism that has historically been central to Tibetan diets. Here, we analyze ancient proteins from the dental calculus ( = 40) of all human individuals with sufficient calculus preservation from the interior plateau.

Maternal genetic history of ancient Tibetans over the past 4000 years.

The settlement of the Tibetan Plateau epitomizes human adaptation to a high-altitude environment that poses great challenges to human activity. Here, we reconstruct a 4000-year maternal genetic history of Tibetans using 128 ancient mitochondrial genome data from 37 sites in Tibet. The phylogeny of haplotypes M9a1a, M9a1b, D4g2, G2a'c, and D4i show that ancient Tibetans share the most recent common ancestor with ancient Middle and Upper Yellow River populations around the Early and Middle Holocene.

Risk factors for severe acute kidney injury post complication after total arch replacement combined with frozen elephant trunk, in acute type A aortic dissection.

Background: Total arch replacement with the frozen elephant trunk (TAR + FET) technique is a challenging approach for acute type A aortic dissection (ATAAD). Severe acute kidney injury (AKI) adversely affects the prognosis of hospitalized patients. The study aims to evaluate the incidence and risk factors of severe AKI.

Effects of pre-operative oral carbohydrates on insulin resistance and postoperative recovery in diabetic patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting: study protocol for a prospective, single-blind, randomized controlled trial.

Background: Preoperative carbohydrates (CHO) supplement has been widely investigated in nondiabetic patients undergoing a variety of surgeries. It has been proved that preoperative CHO could alleviate postoperative insulin resistance (IR) and improve patients' well-being in nondiabetic patients. However, it remains controversial whether preoperative CHO could yield similar effects in diabetic patients.

The evaluation of levosimendan in patients with acute myocardial infarction related ventricular septal rupture undergoing cardiac surgery: a prospective observational cohort study with propensity score analysis.

Study Objective: The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the efficacy of levosimendan in patients with acute myocardial infarction related ventricular septal rupture (AMI-VSR) underwent cardiac surgery.

Design: Prospective observational cohort study with propensity score analysis.

Patients: There were 261 patients with AMI-VSR in our study.

Plasma Metabolites-Based Prediction in Cardiac Surgery-Associated Acute Kidney Injury.

Background Cardiac surgery-associated acute kidney injury (CSA-AKI) is a common postoperative complication following cardiac surgery. Currently, there are no reliable methods for the early prediction of CSA-AKI in hospitalized patients. This study developed and evaluated the diagnostic use of metabolomics-based biomarkers in patients with CSA-AKI.

Novel Potential Biomarker of Adult Cardiac Surgery-Associated Acute Kidney Injury.

Background: Acute kidney injury (AKI) occurs in about 30% of patients with cardiac surgery, but the pathogenesis of cardiac surgery-associated acute kidney injury (CSA-AKI) remains unclear and there are no predictive biomarkers or diagnostic criteria specific for CSA-AKI beyond the general clinical variables for AKI like serum creatinine (SCr).

Methods And Results: We measured the plasma levels of 48 cytokines within 24 h after cardiac surgery in a total of 306 adult patients including 204 with and 102 without AKI, and then evaluated the diagnostic efficacy of these cytokines for the development of CSA-AKI via ANOVA and Pearson correlation analysis. Among these 48 cytokines, 20 of them were significantly different in the AKI patients compared with the non-AKI patients.

Early outcomes of hybrid type II arch repair versus total arch replacement with frozen elephant trunk in acute DeBakey type I aortic dissection: a propensity score-matched analysis.

Objectives: The aim was to evaluate the short-term outcomes of hybrid type II arch repair (HAR) and total arch replacement with frozen elephant trunk (TAR with FET) for acute DeBakey type I aortic dissection patients.

Methods: From January 2017 to June 2019, the clinical data of acute DeBakey type I aortic dissection patients in a single centre were retrospectively reviewed; there were 92 cases of HAR and 268 cases of TAR with FET, with 56 pairs by propensity score matching.

Results: After matching, the composite end points including 30-day mortality, stroke, paraplegia, renal failure, hepatic failure, reintubation or tracheotomy and low cardiac output syndrome were comparable (21.

Outcomes of early versus delayed initiation of extracorporeal life support in cardiac surgery.

Background: Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation offers temporary hemodynamic support for patients with refractory cardiogenic shock after cardiovascular surgery. However, the initiation time for such patients is controversial. Changing the initiation time might improve the outcomes.

[Standardized multidisciplinary spinal cord protection strategies reduce spinal cord injury during perioperative period of aortic surgery: an 8-year retrospective analysis].

Objective: To observe the incidence of spinal cord injury (SCI) following aortic surgery in Fuwai Hospital of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, and evaluate the effect of standardized multidisciplinary spinal cord protection strategies, to summarize the experience in the prevention and treatment of SCI at perioperative period of aortic surgery.

Methods: The clinical data of patients underwent aortic surgery admitted to vascular center of Fuwai Hospital from January 2011 to December 2018 were retrospectively analyzed. The patients receiving traditional spinal cord protection strategies from January 2011 to December 2016 were defined as the control group, while the patients receiving standardized multidisciplinary spinal cord protection strategies from January 2017 to December 2018 were defined as the standardized treatment group.

A novel angiotensin-I converting enzyme inhibitory peptide derived from the glutelin of vinegar soaked black soybean and its antihypertensive effect in spontaneously hypertensive rats.

Vinegar soaked black soybean is a traditional Chinese food widely used for the treatment of hypertension. While its pharmacodynamic substance was not fully unveiled. It contained abundant glutelin, thus the purpose of this study was to obtain potent antihypertensive peptides from vinegar soaked black soybean.

In-hospital major adverse outcomes of acute Type A aortic dissection.

Objectives: Acute Type A aortic dissection exhibits poor in-hospital outcomes after emergency surgery. Evaluation of risk predictors for in-hospital major adverse outcomes (MAO) is key to reducing the mortality rate and improving the quality of care.

Methods: We enrolled 70 patients who presented with postoperative MAO and 195 patients who recovered well.

MicroRNA-21 and risk of severe acute kidney injury and poor outcomes after adult cardiac surgery.

Background: Severe acute kidney injury (AKI) after cardiac surgery is associated with poor clinical outcomes. This study evaluated the potential use of miR-21 as a risk marker for postoperative AKI progression and other poor outcomes.

Methodology/principal Findings: The study included 120 adult patients undergoing cardiac surgery: 40 non-AKI controls, 39 patients with progressive AKI, and 41 with non-progressive AKI.