Morphometric assessment of important landmarks on skull intended for Vidian nerve surgery.

Purpose: The aim of our study was to determine guide parameters for clinicians by morphometric assessment of important landmarks on cranium intended for Vidian nerve surgery.

Methods: For the study, 23 half-skull bases, 40 skull bases and 40 skulls were obtained from the Department of Anatomy, Ege University Medicine Faculty. The vertical distances were measured using a digital caliper to the nearest 0.

Anatomical features of the opening of the nasolacrimal duct and the lacrimal fold (Hasner's valve) for intranasal surgery: a cadaveric study.

The location and size of the opening of the nasolacrimal duct and the lacrimal fold (Hasner's valve) are variable. These features have clinical importance in nasal surgery because of the difficulty in determining their location. The aim of this study was to demonstrate the anatomical features of the opening of the nasolacrimal duct and the lacrimal fold and to discuss the importance of such knowledge in minimizing the risk of injury at surgery.