pH-Adjusted Liquid SERS Approach: Toward a Reliable Plasma-Based Early Stage Lung Cancer Detection.

Surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) provides a rapid and nondestructive method for biological plasma analysis, offering unparalleled sensitivity and specificity. However, most current studies predominantly employ the drop-cast method, where liquid samples are dried on the SERS substrate for spectral recording. While effective, this method is both time-consuming and inconsistent.

Artificial intelligence-based plasma exosome label-free SERS profiling strategy for early lung cancer detection.

As a lung cancer biomarker, exosomes were utilized for in vitro diagnosis to overcome the lack of sensitivity of conventional imaging and the potential harm caused by tissue biopsy. However, given the inherent heterogeneity of exosomes, the challenge of accurately and reliably recognizing subtle differences in the composition of exosomes from clinical samples remains significant. Herein, we report an artificial intelligence-assisted surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) strategy for label-free profiling of plasma exosomes for accurate diagnosis of early-stage lung cancer.

Early diagnosis of thyroid-associated ophthalmopathy using label-free Raman spectroscopy and multivariate analysis.

Thyroid-associated ophthalmopathy (TAO) is the most common orbital disease in adults, with complex clinical manifestations and significant impacts on the life quality of patients. The current diagnosis of TAO lacks reliable biomarkers for early and non-invasive screening and detection, easily leading to poor prognosis. Therefore, it is essential to explore new methods for accurately predicting TAO development in its early stage.

Smartphone-based low-cost and rapid quantitative detection of urinary creatinine with the Tyndall effect.

This research aims to develop a robust and quantitative method for measuring creatinine levels by harnessing the enhanced Tyndall effect (TE) phenomenon. The envisioned sensing assay is designed for practical deployment in resource-limited settings or homes, where access to advanced laboratory facilities is limited. Its primary objective is to enable regular and convenient monitoring of renal healthcare, particularly in cases involving elevated creatinine levels.

Machine learning-assisted global DNA methylation fingerprint analysis for differentiating early-stage lung cancer from benign lung diseases.

DNA methylation plays a critical role in the development of human tumors. However, routine characterization of DNA methylation can be time-consuming and labor-intensive. We herein describe a sensitive, simple surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) approach for identifying the DNA methylation pattern in early-stage lung cancer (LC) patients.

Shifted-excitation Raman difference spectroscopy for improving in vivo detection of nasopharyngeal carcinoma.

A strong fluorescence background is one of the common interference factors of Raman spectroscopic analysis in biological tissue. This study developed an endoscopic shifted-excitation Raman difference spectroscopy (SERDS) system for real-time in vivo detection of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) for the first time. Owing to the use of the SERDS method, the high-quality Raman signals of nasopharyngeal tissue could be well extracted and characterized from the complex raw spectra by removing the fluorescence interference signals.

Micro-Raman Analysis of Sperm Cells on Glass Slide: Potential Label-Free Assessment of Sperm DNA toward Clinical Applications.

Routine assessment of sperm DNA integrity involves the time-consuming and complex process of staining sperm chromatin. Here, we report a Raman spectroscopy method combined with extended multiplicative signal correction (EMSC) for the extraction of characteristic fingerprints of DNA-intact and DNA-damaged sperm cells directly on glass slides. Raman results of sperm cell DNA integrity on glass substrates were validated one-to-one with clinical sperm cell staining.

Fully connected neural network-based serum surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy accurately identifies non-alcoholic steatohepatitis.

Background/purpose Of The Study: There is a need to find a standardized and low-risk diagnostic tool that can non-invasively detect non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). Surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS), which is a technique combining Raman spectroscopy (RS) with nanotechnology, has recently received considerable attention due to its potential for improving medical diagnostics. We aimed to investigate combining SERS and neural network approaches, using a liver biopsy dataset to develop and validate a new diagnostic model for non-invasively identifying NASH.

Ratiometric SERS quantitative analysis of tyrosinase activity based on gold-gold hybrid nanoparticles with Prussian blue as an internal standard.

Tyrosinase (TYR) is a polyphenol oxidase that regulates melanin biosynthesis. Abnormal levels of TYR have been confirmed closely associated with melanoma cancer and other diseases, making the establishment of highly sensitive and accurate quantitative detection of TYR is thus essential for fundamental research and clinical applications. Herein, we proposed a new strategy that combines surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) with Dopamine (DA) and Prussian blue (PB) functionalized gold-gold hybrid nanoparticles for TYR detection.

Analysis of the interaction between A R and A R proteins in living cells based on FRET imaging and batch processing method.

The quantitative FRET analysis of living cells is a tedious and time-consuming task for freshman lacks technical training. In this study, FRET imaging and batch processing method were combined to analyze reagents-induced interactions of A R and A R on cell membranes. Results showed that the method had taken less time than if cell-by-cell was analyzed.

High spatio-temporal resolution measurement of A R and A R interactions combined with Iem-spFRET and E-FRET methods.

A R-A R heterodimers regulate striatal glutamatergic neurotransmission. However, few researches about kinetics have been reported. Here, we combined Iem-spFRET and E-FRET to investigate the kinetics of A R and A R interaction.

Label-free Raman spectroscopy: A potential tool for early diagnosis of diabetic keratopathy.

Diabetes has become a major public health problem worldwide, and the incidence of diabetes has been increasing progressively. Diabetes is prone to cause various complications, among which diabetic keratopathy (DK) emphasizes the significant impact on the cornea. The current diagnosis of DK lacks biochemical markers that can be used for early and non-invasive screening and detection.

Interference-free SERS tags for ultrasensitive quantitative detection of tyrosinase in human serum based on magnetic bead separation.

Tyrosinase (TYR) expression and activity determine the rate and yield of melanin production. Studies have shown that TYR is a potential biomarker for melanoma and highly sensitive detection of TYR benefits early diagnosis of melanoma-related diseases. In this study, we developed a method that combines surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) and sandwich-type immunity for sensitive detection of TYR, in which 4-mercaptobenzonitrile (4 MB) embedded between the Au core and Au shell (Au @ Au) core-shell structure was employed as a SERS probe for quantitative detection of TYR while the magnetic bead serves as a capture substrate.

Filter-Membrane-Based Ultrafiltration Coupled with Surface-Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy for Potential Differentiation of Benign and Malignant Thyroid Tumors from Blood Plasma.

Objective: The objective of this study is to evaluate the performance and feasibility of surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy coupled with a filter membrane and advanced multivariate data analysis on identifying and differentiating benign and malignant thyroid tumors from blood plasma.

Patients And Methods: We proposed a membrane filter SERS technology for the differentiation between benign thyroid tumor and thyroid cancer. That is to say, by using filter membranes with optimal pore size, the blood plasma samples from thyroid tumor patients were pretreated with the macromolecular proteins being filtered out prior to SERS measurement.

Silver nanocube coupling with a nanoporous silver film for dual-molecule recognition based ultrasensitive SERS detection of dopamine.

Dopamine (DA) is one of the catecholamine neurotransmitters used for the treatment of neural disorders. In this study, a novel sensor based on surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) with dual molecule-recognition for ultrasensitive detection of DA was presented, with a limit of detection (LOD) of 40 fM, without any pretreatment of clinical samples. To realize the sensitive and selective detection of DA in complex samples, the nanoporous silver film (AgNF) surfaces were functionalized with mercaptopropionic acid (MPA) to accurately capture DA, while silver nanocubes (AgNCs) were modified with 4-mercaptobenzene boronic acid (4-MPBA) as a Raman reporter for the quantitative detection of DA.

Rapid, Label-free Optical Spectroscopy Platform for Diagnosis of Heparin-Induced Thrombocytopenia.

The use of surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) to determine spectral markers for the diagnosis of heparin-induced thrombocytopenia (HIT), a difficult-to-diagnose immune-related complication that often leads to limb ischemia and thromboembolism, is proposed. The ability to produce distinct molecular signatures without the addition of labels enables unbiased inquiry and makes SERS an attractive complementary diagnostic tool. A capillary-tube-derived SERS platform offers ultrasensitive, label-free measurement as well as efficient handling of blood serum samples.

Surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy analysis of mast cell degranulation induced by low-intensity laser.

Mast cell (MC) degranulation is an important step in the healing process. In this study, silver-nanoparticles-based surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) was used to investigate the spectral characteristics of degranulation of MCs activated by low-intensity laser. The significant spectral changes, such as Raman peak intensities, suggested the concentration variation of some degranulated substances.

Interference-free and high precision biosensor based on surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy integrated with surface molecularly imprinted polymer technology for tumor biomarker detection in human blood.

The reliable quantitative analysis of tumor biomarkers in circulating blood is crucial for cancer early screening, therapy monitoring and prognostic prediction. Herein, a novel biosensor combing surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) and surface molecularly imprinted polymer (SMIP) technology was developed for quantitative detection of carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) that is closely related to several common cancers. Owing to the use of SMIP, recognition sites with high affinity to the target of interest can be well imprinted on the surface of SERS substrate, leading to a more stable and specific capture ability.

LKB1 suppresses androgen synthesis in a mouse model of hyperandrogenism via IGF-1 signaling.

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a major cause of anovulatory sterility in women, and most PCOS patients exhibit hyperandrogenism (HA). Liver kinase b1 (LKB1) is a tumor suppressor that has recently been reported to be involved in PCOS. However, the mechanism by which LKB1 affects HA has not previously been elucidated.

Quantitative assessment of microenvironment characteristics and metabolic activity in glioma via multiphoton microscopy.

Tumor microenvironment and metabolic activity in gliomas are the important biomarkers to evaluate the progression of gliomas. Many evidences have suggested that the targeting of metabolic activity and tumor microenvironment simultaneously can be more effective to take the tumor therapy. Therefore, the noninvasive, accurate assessment of tumor microenvironment and metabolic activity is quite important in clinical practice.

Rapid discrimination of colon cancer cells with single base mutation in KRAS gene segment using laser tweezers Raman spectroscopy.

Laser tweezers Raman spectroscopy (LTRS) as a label-free and noninvasive technology has been proven to be an ideal tool for analysis of single living cells, which provides important fingerprint information without interference from surrounding environments. For the first time, LTRS system was successfully used to examine the colon cancer cells with single base mutation in KRAS gene segment, including DKS-8 (KRAS wild-type [WT]) and DLD-1 (KRAS mutant-type [MT]), HKE-3 (KRAS WT) and HCT-116 (KRAS MT). Spectra changes of some vital biomolecules due to the gene mutation state were sensitively recorded by our home-made LTRS system.

Leukemia cells detection based on electroporation assisted surface-enhanced Raman scattering.

In this study, an electroporation-based surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) technique was employed to differentiate the human myeloid leukemia cells from the normal human bone marrow mononuclear cells with the aim to develop a fast and label-free method for leukemia cell screening. The Ag nanoparticles were delivered into living cells by electroporation, and then high quality SERS spectra were successfully obtained from 60 acute promyelocytic leukemia cells (HL60 cell line), 60 chronic myelogenous leukemia cells (K562 cell line) and 60 normal human bone marrow mononuclear cells (BMC). Principal component analysis (PCA) combined with linear discriminant analysis (LDA) differentiated the leukemia cell SERS spectra (HL60 plus K562) from normal cell SERS spectra (BMC) with high sensitivity (98.

A noninvasive cancer detection strategy based on gold nanoparticle surface-enhanced raman spectroscopy of urinary modified nucleosides isolated by affinity chromatography.

The search for tumor biomarkers in the urine for cancer diagnosis is currently a hot topic in clinical oncology, with potential for cancer screening and diagnosis. Modified nucleosides excreted through the urine are considered to be a general tumor marker for various cancer types. Herein, we explore a new method that utilizes surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) spectroscopy to obtain a complete biochemical profile of urinary modified nucleosides.