High resolution Thomson scattering diagnostic for measurements of radial profiles of electron temperature and density in the gas dynamic trap.

The incoherent Thomson scattering diagnostic with multiple lines of sight is installed at the gas dynamic trap (GDT) for measurements of radial profiles of the plasma electron temperature and density. The diagnostic is built on the Nd:YAG laser operating at 1064 nm. The laser input beamline is provided with an automatic system for alignment status monitoring and correction.

Note: Spectrometer with multichannel photon-counting detector for beam emission spectroscopy in magnetic fusion devices.

A spectrometer based on a linear array photomultiplier tube (PMT) has been developed and calibrated. A 0.635 m focal length Czerny-Turner monochromator combined with a coupling optics provides an image of a narrow 0.

[POSSIBILITIES OF ENDOVASCULAR INTERVENTIONS IN TREATMENT OF BUDD-CHIARI SYNDROME].

The article presents the results of endovascular treatment of 35 patients with Budd-Chiari syndrome. An analysis of efficacy of modern interventions was made. There were shown the.

[Ultrasonic cavitation and ozonization in treatment of patients with pyo-necrotic complications of diabetic foot syndrome].

The main group consisted of 130 patients with pyo-necrotic complications of diabetic foot syndrome, in who after operations within the foot limits, there were ultrasonic cavitation and ozonization of the wound surface. The control group consisted of 90 patients who underwent operative treatment as well as a standard local treatment using the preparations with reference to the phase of the wound process. The use of low-frequency ultrasound allows in short-terms ablation of necrotized tissues within the limits of healthy tissues, decrease of microbial contamination of the wounds and preparing to closing.

[Methods of completing the operation for peritonitis].

An experience with treatment of diffuse purulent peritonitis for acute diseases of organs of the abdominal cavity is described. An analysis of examinations and treatment of 130 patients with diffuse purulent peritonitis was made in groups of patients where the method of laparostomy with programmed sanitations of the abdominal cavity and the methods of laparoscopy and traditional treatment were used. The method of laparostomy with programmed sanitations of the abdominal cavity in patients with toxic and terminal phases of diffuse purulent peritonitis is an effective method of treatment resulting in less frequency of postoperative complications and lethality of patients with this pathology.

Direct current H(-) source for boron neutron capture therapy tandem accelerator.

One year experience of dc H(-) source operation at 2 MeV tandem accelerator is described. The source delivers H(-) ion beams with controlled current in the range of 1-8 mA and energy up to 25 keV. Normalized 1 rms emittance for 8 mA beam is less than 0.

New fast beam profile monitor for electron-positron colliders.

A new fast beam profile monitor has been developed at the Budker Institute of Nuclear Physics. This monitor is based on the Hamamatsu multianode photomultiplier with 16 anode strips and provides turn-by-turn measurement of the transverse beam profile. The device is equipped with an internal memory, which has enough capacity to store 131,072 samples of the beam profile.

[Role of the interferon system in the course of neglected forms of colorectal cancer].

Operations for neglected forms of colorectal carcinoma were performed on 66 patients. The interferon status was determined before the operation, on the 1st, 7th and 14th days after the operative intervention. "Viferon-2" was given to 18 patients (starting from 2 days before the operation) with the daily dose 1,000,000 IU.

[New surgical methods for treating hepatic hydatic cyst].

The authors have developed a set of instruments for endovideosurgical treatment of hydatid cysts of the liver. It was successfully used in operative ablation of the cysts by a traditional method in 9 patients, and in 7 patients laparoscopic echinococcus ectomy was performed without any complications.

[Idiopathic portal hypertension].

The authors present a report of 14 patients with the syndrome of portal hypertension without liver cirrhosis and with recurring esophagogastric bleedings. The cause of the alterations in portal hemodynamics remains unknown. Operative treatments (splenorenal shunts in 9 cases, 3 splenectomies and 1 ligation of the splenic artery) were successful.

[The fixed omentum syndrome].

Ten cases of the fixed omentum syndrome which appeared in women operated on organs of the small pelvis are discussed. The cause of adhesions of the greater omentum and the parietal peritoneum and internal organs was the operative trauma in combination with inflammatory alterations of the peritoneum. The surgical treatment consisted in the division of adhesions of the greater omentum, resection of the omentum portion being fulfilled in cases of its cicatricial alterations.

[Combined vagotomy in the surgical treatment of patients with duodenal ulcer].

Short-term and long-term results of surgical treatment of 487 patients with duodenal ulcer were studied. In 337 patients (69.2%) truncal vagotomy was performed; in 94 patients (19.

[The surgical treatment of cancer of the esophagus and cardia. The complications and hazards].

One-stage operations for carcinoma of the esophagus and cardia were performed on 100 patients. The substitution of the resected esophagus was made with a isoperistaltic tube from the greater curvature of the stomach with anastomosis on the neck, in the pleural or abdominal cavities. Palliative interventions were fulfilled on 31 patients with inoperable carcinomas.

[Procedures for the surgical treatment of cancer of the distal portions of the large intestine].

The authors observed 224 patients with neglected forms of carcinoma of distal portions of the colon, 171 (76.3%) of them being considered to be operable. The character of operative interventions depended on neglect of the tumour process which was determined by its spread to the neighbouring organs and tissues.

[Digital subtraction arterioportography in the examination of patients with the portal hypertension syndrome].

Based upon data of 107 angiographic examinations in the regimen of digital subtraction the authors propose a regional program of angiographic examinations of patients with the syndrome of portal hypertension including the digital subtraction recurrent celiac and mesenteric portography, terminal occlusive flebohepatography. The given complex of investigations allows the determination with a minimum traumatic action of the form of portal hypertension and selection of the best for each patient kind of operative intervention. The article describes the methods of angiographic examinations improved and adapted by the authors for diagnosing the syndrome of portal hypertension.

[The mental health of surgical patients with combat wounds].

Under analysis were results of examination of 119 servicemen who had got wounds of different degree during military operations. The authors come to a conclusion that mental disorders are a component in semiology of traumatic disease in the wounded. Clinical manifestations were found to correlate with the view of the injuring factor, localization, degree of the injuries combination as well as with specific personal reactions to stress.

[The surgical procedure in gunshot wounds of the liver].

An experience with treatment of 133 patients with gunshot wounds of the liver has shown that the optimum method of completing the surgical treatment of the gunshot wound of the liver is tamponade of it with the omentum on the pedicle and drainage of the subhepatic space, for extensive injuries of the liver the external decompression of bile ducts is necessary. Reinfusion of blood is safe in patients with injuries of the liver and is considered to be the most effective method to fill up the blood loss. The use of radionuclide methods and rheohepatography can give a sufficiently objective picture of the functional state of the liver in dynamics of the wound process.

[The indications and methods for decompression of the gastrointestinal tract in injuries to the abdominal cavity organs].

The article analyses the treatment of 122 patients with injuries of organs in abdominal cavity. One of the most important elements in intra- and postoperative treatment for paresis or paralysis of intestines was an abdominal decompression. Its basic methods were the following: nasoenteral drainage, gastroenterostomy by Iu.

[The characteristics of the course of suppurative complications of gunshot wounds in Afghanistan and the unresolved problems of their prevention and treatment].

The article describes the reasons and the frequency of purulent complications in gunshot wounds in Afghanistan. The authors stress the role of primary surgical management of wounds in the prophylaxis of wound infection, show the trends towards the improvement of the first aid and primary medical care. The article studies the efficiency of physical methods in the management of wounds, such as treatment by the pulsed stream of liquid, active drainage, treatment in regulated air environment.

[Simultaneous operations in the surgical treatment of cancer of the esophagus and cardia].

In the clinic one-stage operations for cancer of the esophagus of different localizations and cardia were performed on 63 patients. The substitution of the removed esophagus was fulfilled with an isoperistaltic tube made from the greater curvature of the stomach with anastomosis on the neck or in the pleural cavity. After intrapleural plasty lethality was 21%, after total one with extracavital esophagogastroanastomoses--14%.