[Analysis of surgical complications of reconstructive plastic surgery according to the ClavienDindo classification].

Introduction: The systematization of surgical complications has long been a serious problem since different types of surgical procedures have specific complications, in addition to general consequences. Created in 1992 and improved in 2004, the Clavien-Dindo classification was successfully validated in surgical centers in different countries and recognized as an important tool for the qualitative assessment of surgical complications.

Aim: To improve reconstructive procedures by systematizing complications based on the ClavienDindo classification.

[Laparoscopic ONLAY ureteroplasty using buccal mucosa graft for long recurrent stricture of the upper third of the ureter].

Long strictures of the upper third of the ureter are most often recurrent and occur after endourological and reconstructive procedures. The lack of native tissues and an impossibility of substitution by bowel segment in some cases dictates the use of alternative surgical techniques. Our first experience of laparoscopic onlay ureteroplasty using buccal graft for long stricture of the upper third of the ureter is described in the article.

[Surgical treatment of tuberculosis of the kidney with a total lesion of the ureter].

The study was aimed to improve the efficiency of surgical treatment of renal tuberculosis with total lesion of the ureter. The clinical course and the results of surgical treatment of 104 patients with extended or multiple ureteral strictures of specific (n=92) and non-specific (n=12) etiology. Thirty-five patients with nephrotuberculosis underwent percutaneous needle-guided nephrostomy (PNGNS), 79 underwent surgery with removal of organs: open nephrectomy with lumbar access (48), combined nephroureterectomy (31).

[Endoscopic methods for the correction of ureteral strictures].

The comprehensive examination and treatment of 80 patients aged 19 to 63 years with strictures of the ureteropelvic junction (UPJ) and ureter obstruction was performed. 23 patients underwent probing with ureteral stenting, 30 patients underwent balloon dilation of strictures under fluoroscopic guidance, 18 patients--endoureteropielotomy with "cold" knife, 9 patients underwent endoureteropielotomy using holmium laser. Correction of ureteral stricture with the removal of the stone was performed in 6 patients.

[Role of supravesicular urine diversion in the treatment of patients with renal and urethral tuberculosis].

The article presents the results of the survey, etiopathogenetic and surgery treatment of 73 patients with nephrotuberculosis complicated by tuberculous ureteritis. Patients were divided into 4 groups. 1-3 Groups of patients underwent urine diversion by percutaneous puncture nephrostomy, open nephrostomy and internal stent placement.

[Surgical correction of overactive bladder resistant to standard therapy].

Surgical treatment was given to 45 patients with overactive bladder: transurethral detrusorotomy was made in 21 patients (group 1), bladder hydrodilation (BH) was made in 24 patients (group 2). Detrusorotomy was performed by transurethral median cut of the bladder posterior wall by needle electrode leading to destroyment of intramural sympathic and parasympathic nervous fibres. Hydrodilation of the bladder was made under intravesical pressure equal to systolic arterial pressure with 2 min exposure.

[Obstructive uropathy in nephrotuberculosis and the results of its surgical correction].

In 2000 to 2006, one hundred and fifty-eight patients with active nephrotuberculosis, including 24 without obstructive uropathy, 70 with obstruction at the level of the upper ureter third, and 64 with that at the level of the lower ureter third, were examined. It was shown that papillites, pyonephroses, and specific paranephritis were prevalent when a specific process extended to the upper ureter third. Involvement of the lower ureter third resulted in the most significant renal destruction that was bilateral in 75% of cases with a large proportion (51.

[Surgical urinary and male genital tuberculosis].

A total of 209 and 188 patients with urogenital tuberculosis were operated on in 1985-1987 (Period 1) and in 2005-2007 (Period 2), respectively. The mean age of patients with nephrotuberculosis has increased by 10 years in the past 20 years. The total number of operations has retained as before: organ-removing operations have decreased from 61.

[The results of orthotopic plastic reconstruction of the urinary bladder with gastric and iliac graft].

To compare the results of postoperative plastic reconstruction of the urinary bladder (PRUB) with gastric and iliac graft, we studied 205 patients (150 males, 73.2%; 55 females, 26.8% aged 23-72 years, mean age 62.

[Surgical treatment of nephrotuberculosis in the present-day epidemiological situation].

The article presents data on the structure of operative interventions and assessment of the role of an early kidney decompression in management of renal tuberculosis complicated by urethritis. It was found that such eradicative techniques as nephrectomy and nephruretherectomy still prevail. Early drainage of the kidney for its decompression allows preservation of the kidney and following reconstructive surgery in 70.

[Diagnosis and treatment of urinary bladder dysfunctions in patients with nephrotuberculosis].

A combined, including urodynamic, study was made in 129 patients with abnormal reservoir function of the urinary bladder (UB). Of them, 82 patients had nephrotuberculosis (NT). Cystoscopy was made in 93 patients, endovesical multifocal biopsy of the bladder wall-- in 23.

[Orthotopic replacement of the urinary bladder in females].

Orthotopic cystoplasty for various diseases of the urinary bladder was made in 58 females aged 22 to 78 years (mean age 52.5 +/- 5.8 years) in 1996-2005.

[Surgical treatment of patients with micro-cystitis of tuberculous and other etiology].

The urinary bladder was reconstructed by using different segments of the gastrointestinal tract in 45 patients aged 21 to 72 years. The indication for surgery was microcystis of tuberculous and other etiology in 28 (62.2%) and 17 (37.

[Urodynamics of artificial urinary bladder].

Radical cystectomy with creation of orthotopic reservoir from various segments of gastrointestinal tract was made in 120 patients (99 males, 21 females, age 37-74 years) with muscular-invasive cancer of the urinary bladder (UB) in 1996-2004. Replacement of UB was made according to the Studer and Hautmann method in 38 and 27 patients, respectively. S-cystoplasty was performed in 31 patients.

[Plastic repair of the urinary tract with intestinal graft].

Enteroplasty of the urinary tract was made in 224 patients (175 male and 49 female, age 21-72 years): enteroplasty of the ureter (n = 25), augmentation cystoplasty (n = 38), replacement of the urinary bladder after radical cystectomy for cancer (n = 161). The grafts were made of the small intestine segments--149 (66,5%), sigmoid--45 (20%), stomach--25 (11.2%), appendix--3 (1.

[Replacement of the urinary bladder by the stomach body].

In the period from 2001 through 2004 plasty of the urinary bladder was performed in 24 patients using a. et v. gastroepyploici dexter.

[Surgical treatment of obstructive urinary tract diseases in patients with pulmonary tuberculosis].

The paper presents the data of an examination of 92 patients [males (59-64.1%) and females (33-35.9%)] with active pulmonary tuberculosis concurrent with obstructive urinary tract diseases of various etiology.

[Surgical treatment of renal tuberculosis].

The analysis of the results of surgical treatment of 178 patients with destructive nephrotuberculosis indicates that operative methods are justified in the treatment of nephrotuberculosis as they provide cleansing of the infection focus, restoration of renal and urinary tract function, help to avoid long-term and massive chemotherapy. Organ-preserving and reconstructive operations on the kidneys and urinary tracts in early disease.