Traumatic Brain Injury in Underage Motorcycle Drivers: Clinical Outcomes and Sociocultural Attitudes from a Lower-Middle-Income Country.

Background And Objective: Poor societal attitudes and inadequate law enforcement have greatly contributed to the increase in underage motorcycle driving in Pakistan. This study reports the burden of traumatic brain injury (TBI), clinical characteristics/outcomes, and reason for driving in underage motorcyclists.

Materials And Methods: A prospective study was conducted throughout 2021.

Biochar Produced from Saudi Agriculture Waste as a Cement Additive for Improved Mechanical and Durability Properties-SWOT Analysis and Techno-Economic Assessment.

The Kingdom of Saudi Arabia generates an enormous amount of date palm waste, causing severe environmental concerns. Green and strong concrete is increasingly demanded due to low carbon footprints and better performance. In this research work, biochar derived from locally available agriculture waste (date palm fronds) was used as an additive to produce high-strength and durable concrete.

Broad-Band Polarization-Insensitive Metasurface Holography with a Single-Phase Map.

The remarkable potential of metasurface holography promises revolutionary advancements for imaging, chip-integrated augmented/virtual reality (AR/VR) technology, and flat optical displays. The choice of constituent element geometry constrains many potential applications purveyed through polarization-independent optical response. The limited capabilities and degree of freedoms in commonly used meta-atoms restrict the design flexibility to break the conventional trade-off between polarization-insensitivity and bandwidth.

Synthesis of Functionalized -(4-Bromophenyl)furan-2-carboxamides via Suzuki-Miyaura Cross-Coupling: Anti-Bacterial Activities against Clinically Isolated Drug Resistant , , and MRSA and Its Validation via a Computational Approach.

-(4-bromophenyl)furan-2-carboxamide () was synthesized by the reaction furan-2-carbonyl chloride () and 4-bromoaniline () in the presence of EtN in excellent yields of 94%. The carboxamide () was arylated by employing triphenylphosphine palladium as a catalyst and KPO as a base to afford -(4-bromophenyl)furan-2-carboxamide analogues () in moderate to good yields (43-83%). Furthermore, we investigated the in vitro anti-bacterial activities of the respective compounds against clinically isolated drug-resistant bacteria , , and .

Ross Procedure in Children: The Society of Thoracic Surgeons Congenital Heart Surgery Database Analysis.

Background: Single-center studies have demonstrated excellent results for the Ross procedure in children. We aimed to evaluate national variation in clinical outcomes using The Society of Thoracic Surgeons Congenital Heart Surgery Database.

Methods: The database was used to identify 2805 children undergoing the Ross procedure from 2000 through 2018, comprising 163 neonates (<30 days, 5.

Breast Cancer Detection and Classification Empowered With Transfer Learning.

Cancer is a major public health issue in the modern world. Breast cancer is a type of cancer that starts in the breast and spreads to other parts of the body. One of the most common types of cancer that kill women is breast cancer.

Synergistic Effects of Natural Product Combinations in Protecting the Endothelium Against Cardiovascular Risk Factors.

Endothelial dysfunction is an early hallmark of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). Monotherapies are limited due to the complex, multifactorial pathways. The multi-component and multi-targeted approach of natural products have the potential to manage CVDs.

Orientation-Mediated Luminescence Enhancement and Spin-Orbit Coupling in ZnO Single Crystals.

Temperature-, excitation wavelength-, and excitation power-dependent photoluminescence (PL) spectroscopy have been utilized to investigate the orientation-modulated near band edge emission (NBE) and deep level emission (DLE) of ZnO single crystals (SCs). The near-band-edge emission of ZnO SC with <0001> orientation exhibits strong and sharp emission intensity with suppressed deep level defects (mostly caused by oxygen vacancies Vo). Furthermore, Raman analysis reveals that <0001> orientation has dominant E2 (high) and E2 (low) modes, indicating that this direction has better crystallinity.

Hematopoietic Stem and Progenitor Cells (HSPCs) and Hematopoietic Microenvironment: Molecular and Bioinformatic Studies of the Zebrafish Models.

Hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) reside in a specialized microenvironment in a peculiar anatomic location which regulates the maintenance of stem cells and controls its functions. Recent scientific progress in experimental technologies have enabled the specific detection of epigenetic factors responsible for the maintenance and quiescence of the hematopoietic niche, which has improved our knowledge of regulatory mechanisms. The aberrant role of RNA-binding proteins and their impact on the disruption of stem cell biology have been reported by a number of recent studies.

Prevalence and Molecular Characterization of Metallo β-Lactamase Producing Gram-Negative Pathogens Causing Eye Infections.

Purpose: Metallo β-lactamases (MβL) production is a worldwide problem, particularly in gram-negative bacteria. As scanty data is available on the prevalence of MBL, the present study is being undertaken to determine the prevalence, antibacterial sensitivity patterns, and molecular characterization of MβL associated resistant genes in gram-negative bacteria isolated from ocular infections.

Material And Methods: At a tertiary eye care center in south India, 359 gram-negative pathogens, 200 isolates from eye infections, and 159 isolates from normal flora of the eye were studied.

Core-shell NaBH @Ni Nanoarchitectures: A Platform for Tunable Hydrogen Storage.

The core-shell approach has surfaced as an attractive strategy to make complex hydrides reversible for hydrogen storage; however, no synthetic method exists for taking advantage of this approach. Here, a detailed investigation was undertaken to effectively design freestanding core-shell NaBH @Ni nanoarchitectures and correlate their hydrogen properties with structure and chemical composition. It was shown that the Ni shell growth on the surface of NaBH particles could be kinetically and thermodynamically controlled.

Breast Cancer Prediction Empowered with Fine-Tuning.

In the world, in the past recent five years, breast cancer is diagnosed about 7.8 million women's and making it the most widespread cancer, and it is the second major reason for women's death. So, early prevention and diagnosis systems of breast cancer could be more helpful and significant.

Long-term rumen microorganism fermentation of corn stover in vitro for volatile fatty acid production.

Rumen microorganisms have the ability to efficiently hydrolyze and acidify lignocellulosic biomass. The effectiveness of long-term rumen microorganism fermentation of lignocellulose in vitro for producing volatile fatty acids (VFAs) is unclear. The feasibility of long-term rumen microorganism fermentation of lignocelluose was evaluated in this study, and a stable VFA production was successfully realized for 120 d.

Phytoremediation of contaminated industrial wastewater by duckweed (Lemna minor L.): Growth and physiological response under acetic acid application.

Extensive usage of heavy metals (HMs) in chemical reactions and processes eventually contaminate the environmental segments and is currently a major environmental concern. HMs such as cadmium (Cd), copper (Cu), lead (Pb), chromium (Cr) and nickel (Ni) are considered the most harmful pollutants as they have adequate potential of bioaccumulation. The current research was carried out to assess the HMs toxicity of textile and tannery wastewater and effect of acetic acid (AA) on phytoextraction of HMs by duckweed (Lemna minor L.

Supervised Machine Learning Empowered Multifactorial Genetic Inheritance Disorder Prediction.

Fatal diseases like cancer, dementia, and diabetes are very dangerous. This leads to fear of death if these are not diagnosed at early stages. Computer science uses biomedical studies to diagnose cancer, dementia, and diabetes.

Cost-Sensitive Learning for Anomaly Detection in Imbalanced ECG Data Using Convolutional Neural Networks.

Arrhythmia detection algorithms based on deep learning are attracting considerable interest due to their vital role in the diagnosis of cardiac abnormalities. Despite this interest, deep feature representation for ECG is still challenging and intriguing due to the inter-patient variability of the ECG's morphological characteristics. The aim of this study was to learn a balanced deep feature representation that incorporates both the short-term and long-term morphological characteristics of ECG beats.

Maternal FMR1 alleles expansion in newborns during transmission: a prospective cohort study.

Introduction: The CGG repeats in the 5' untranslated region of the fragile X mental retardation 1 gene (FMR1) gene shows increased instability upon maternal transmission. Maternal FMR1 intermediate (45-54 repeats) and premutation (PM: 55-<200 repeats) alleles usually expand to full mutation (>200 repeats) alleles in offspring and consequently, cause fragile X syndrome (FXS) in them.

Methods: In a prospective cohort study, Pakistani pregnant women in prenatal care were first screened for FMR1 expanded alleles.