Mitigating the health risk of antibiotic resistance genes through reductive soil disinfestation in protected agroecosystems.

Soil used to grow vegetable crops is usually subjected to various soil management strategies. However, the effects of these management strategies on antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs), which have important implications for human health, are still poorly understood. Here, we examined the effects of reductive soil disinfestation (RSD) on soil ARG profiles, the composition of the bacterial community, and the interactions between ARG hosts and nonhosts in soils under different fertilization regimes.

Soil recalcitrant but not labile organic nitrogen mineralization contributes to microbial nitrogen immobilization and plant nitrogen uptake.

Soil organic nitrogen (N) mineralization not only supports ecosystem productivity but also weakens carbon and N accumulation in soils. Recalcitrant (mainly mineral-associated organic matter) and labile (mainly particulate organic matter) organic materials differ dramatically in nature. Yet, the patterns and drivers of recalcitrant (M) and labile (M) organic N mineralization rates and their consequences on ecosystem N retention are still unclear.

Warming-Induced Stimulation of Soil NO Emissions Counteracted by Elevated CO from Nine-Year Agroecosystem Temperature and Free Air Carbon Dioxide Enrichment.

Globally, agricultural soils account for approximately one-third of anthropogenic emissions of the potent greenhouse gas and stratospheric ozone-depleting substance nitrous oxide (NO). Emissions of NO from agricultural soils are affected by a number of global change factors, such as elevated air temperatures and elevated atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO). Yet, a mechanistic understanding of how these climatic factors affect NO emissions in agricultural soils remains largely unresolved.

Root rot destabilizes the Sanqi rhizosphere core fungal microbiome by reducing the negative connectivity of beneficial microbes.

The stability of microbial communities, especially among core taxa, is essential for supporting plant health. However, the impacts of disease infection on the stability of rhizosphere fungal core microbiome remain largely unexplored. In this study, we delved into the effects of root rot infestation on the community structure, function, network complexity, and stability of Sanqi fungal core microbiomes, employing amplicon sequencing combined with co-occurrence network and cohesion analyses.

Global patterns of soil available N production by mineralization-immobilization turnover in the tropical forest ecosystems.

Available N (N) is important to nurish plant-microbial system and sequestrate carbon (C) in terrestrial ecosystems. For forest ecosystem, N is usually calculated as the sum of N fixation (N), N deposition (N) and soil available N production (N), in which N determined the N production and its temporal changes. While, there is still a lack of N estimation at the global and regional level due to the temporal and spatial variability of influencing factors, such as climate and soil physicochemical properties.

The loss of microbial autotoxin degradation functions is associated with the decline of beneficial bacterial agents induced by phenolic acids.

Continuous cultivation of medicinal plants can disrupt the rhizosphere's microbial community. There is still a need to know about the beneficial bacterial community, their putative drivers, and the potential functions they may have. This study used different growth years of Sanqi ginseng () with root rot to look at the beneficial microbial community structure, the function of microbial carbon source utilization, and the function of rhizosphere soil metabolism.

Global patterns and controls of yield and nitrogen use efficiency in rice.

Factors influencing rice (Oryza sativa L.) yield mainly include nitrogen (N) fertilizer, climate and soil properties. However, a comprehensive analysis of the role of climatic factors and soil physical and chemical properties and their interactions in controlling global yield and nitrogen use efficiency (e.

Attribution and driving force of nitrogen losses from the Taihu Lake Basin by the InVEST and GeoDetector models.

Quantifying temporal and spatial changes in reactive nitrogen (Nr) losses from a watershed and exploring its main drivers are the key to watershed water quality improvements. Huge Nr losses continue to threaten the safety of the water environment in the Taihu Lake Basin (TLB). Here, the InVEST and GeoDetector models were combined to estimate Nr losses in the TLB from 1990 to 2020 and explore driving forces.

Expanding agroforestry can increase nitrate retention and mitigate the global impact of a leaky nitrogen cycle in croplands.

The internal soil nitrogen (N) cycle supplies N to plants and microorganisms but may induce N pollution in the environment. Understanding the variability of gross N cycling rates resulting from the global spatial heterogeneity of climatic and edaphic variables is essential for estimating the potential risk of N loss. Here we compiled 4,032 observations from 398 published N pool dilution and tracing studies to analyse the interactions between soil internal potential N cycling and environmental effects.

Effects of Solidago canadensis L. on mineralization-immobilization turnover enhance its nitrogen competitiveness and invasiveness.

The effects of exotic plants on soil nitrogen (N) transformations may influence species invasion success. However, the complex interplay between invasive plant N uptake and N transformation in soils remains unclear. In the present study, a series of N-labeled pot experiments were carried out with Solidago canadensis L.

Increasing Nitrogen Losses Due to Changing Food Consumption Patterns in Bayannur City, China.

Increasing urbanization and affluence have led to changes in food consumption patterns. The application of nitrogen (N) fertilizers ensures food security but also leads to environmental pollution due to N losses, through processes such as acidification, eutrophication, and greenhouse gas emissions. To clarify whether changes in food consumption patterns could increase N losses and to explore sustainable food system pathways, this study integrated the Chinese Food System Dashboard and the Nutrient Flows in Food Chains, Environment and Resources Use model to quantify and compare the link between food consumption and N losses in different agricultural regions using a case study of Bayannur City in the Yellow River Basin from 2000 to 2016.

Facilitating effects of the reductive soil disinfestation process combined with sp. amendment on soil health and physiological properties of .

Reductive soil disinfestation (RSD) is an anaerobic and facultative anaerobic microbial-mediated soil management process. The extent of improvement of diseased soil properties by RSD relative to comparable healthy soil is, however, not well characterized. Importantly, how to promote the colonization efficiency of these facultative anaerobic functional species to ensure soil and plant health remain unknown.

Biochar application can mitigate NH volatilization in acidic forest and upland soils but stimulates gaseous N losses in flooded acidic paddy soil.

Biochar (BC) has attracted attention for carbon sequestration, a strategy to mitigate climate change and alleviate soil acidification. Most meta-analyses have insufficiently elaborated the effects of BC on soil N transformation so the practical importance of BC could not be assessed. In this study, a N tracing study was conducted to investigate the effects of BC amendment on soil gross N transformations in acidic soils with different land-use types.

Effects of Reductive Soil Disinfestation Combined with Liquid-Readily Decomposable Compounds and Solid Plant Residues on the Bacterial Community and Functional Composition.

Reductive soil disinfestation (RSD) incorporated with sole plant residues or liquid-readily decomposable compounds is an effective management strategy to improve soil health. However, the synthetic effects of RSD incorporated with liquid-readily decomposable compounds and solid plant residues on soil ecosystem services remain unclear. Field experiments were carried out to investigate the effects of untreated soil (CK), RSD incorporated with sawdust (SA), molasses (MO), and their combinations (SA + MO) on the bacterial community and functional composition.

High carbon resource diversity enhances the certainty of successful plant pathogen and disease control.

The host-associated microbiome highly determines plant health. Available organic resources, such as food for microbes, are important in shaping microbial community structure and multifunctionality. However, how using organic resources precisely manipulates the soil microbiome and makes it supportive of plant health remains unclear.

Inhibition of Elevated Atmospheric Carbon Dioxide to Soil Gross Nitrogen Mineralization Aggravated by Warming in an Agroecosystem.

The response of soil gross nitrogen (N) cycling to elevated carbon dioxide (CO) concentration and temperature has been extensively studied in natural and semi-natural ecosystems. However, how these factors and their interaction affect soil gross N dynamics in agroecosystems, strongly disturbed by human activity, remains largely unknown. Here, a N tracer study under aerobic incubation was conducted to quantify soil gross N transformation rates in a paddy field exposed to elevated CO and/or temperature for 9 years in a warming and free air CO enrichment experiment.

Water quality status response to multiple anthropogenic activities in urban river.

Water quality evaluation and degrading factors identification are crucial for predicting water quality evolution trends in an urban river. However, under the coupling of multiple factors, these targets face great challenges. The water quality status response to multiple anthropogenic activities in an urban river was evaluated and predicted based on comprehensive assessment methods and random forest (RF) model.

Global patterns of soil gross immobilization of ammonium and nitrate in terrestrial ecosystems.

Microbial nitrogen (N) immobilization, which typically results in soil N retention but based on the balance of gross N immobilization over gross N production, affects the fate of the anthropogenic reactive N. However, global patterns and drivers of soil gross immobilization of ammonium (I ) and nitrate (I ) are still only tentatively known. Here, we provide a comprehensive analysis considering gross N production rates, soil properties, and climate and their interactions for a deeper understanding of the patterns and drivers of I and I .

Cover Plants-Mediated Suppression of Fusarium Wilt and Root-Knot Incidence of Cucumber is Associated With the Changes of Rhizosphere Fungal Microbiome Structure-Under Plastic Shed System of North China.

Cover crops are known to alleviate the adverse effects of continuous cropping by influencing plant health and changing host fungal-microbiome structures. However, insight into the shift of rhizomicrobiota composition and their effects on plant growth performance and resistance mechanism is still limited under plastic shed cultivation (PSC). Four leafy vegetable rotations namely spinach rotation (SR), non-heading Chinese cabbage rotation (NCCR), coriander rotation (CR), and leafy lettuce rotation (LLR) were used as cover crops in 7-years of continuous cucumber planted soil (CC).

Soil dissolved organic matters mediate bacterial taxa to enhance nitrification rates under wheat cultivation.

Studies have shown that dissolved organic matters (DOMs) may affect soil nutrient availability to plants due to their effect on microbial communities; however, the relationships of soil DOM-bacterial community-N function in response to root exudates remains poorly understand. Here, we evaluated the DOM composition, bacterial taxonomic variation and nitrogen transformation rates in both acidic and alkaline soils, with or without the typical nitrate preference plant (wheat, Triticum aestivum L.).

Global Patterns and Drivers of Soil Dissimilatory Nitrate Reduction to Ammonium.

Dissimilatory nitrate reduction to ammonium (DNRA), the nearly forgotten process in the terrestrial nitrogen (N) cycle, can conserve N by converting the mobile nitrate into non-mobile ammonium avoiding nitrate losses via denitrification, leaching, and runoff. However, global patterns and controlling factors of soil DNRA are still only rudimentarily known. By a meta-analysis of 231 observations from 85 published studies across terrestrial ecosystems, we find a global mean DNRA rate of 0.

Comparative Microbial Nitrogen Functional Gene Abundances in the Topsoil vs. Subsoil of Three Grassland Habitats in Northern China.

The microbial groups of nitrogen fixers, ammonia oxidizers, and denitrifiers play vital roles in driving the nitrogen cycle in grassland ecosystems. However, the understanding of the abundance and distribution of these functional microorganisms as well as their driving factors were limited mainly to topsoil. In this study, the abundances of nitrogen functional genes (NFGs) involved in nitrogen fixation (), ammonia oxidation (), and denitrification (, , and ) were investigated in both topsoil (0-10 cm, soil layer with concentrated root) and subsoil (30-40 cm, soil layer with spare root) of three grassland habitats in northern China.