A novelty strategy for AMD prevention by biogas slurry: Acetate acid inhibition effect on chalcopyrite biooxidation and leachate.

With the widespread application of anaerobic digestion technology, biogas slurry become the main source of organic amendments in practice. Comprehensive studies into the inhibitory effects of low molecular weight (LMW) organic acids, essential components in biogas slurry, on the sulfide minerals biooxidation and its bioleaching (AMD) have been lacking. In this study, acetic acid (AA) served as a representative of LMW organic acids in biogas slurry to investigate its impact on the inhibition of chalcopyrite biooxidation by Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans (A.

Analysis of clinicopathological features and prognostic factors of breast cancer brain metastasis.

Background: Breast cancer (BC) has become the most common malignancy in women. The incidence and detection rates of BC brain metastasis (BCBM) have increased with the progress of imaging, multidisciplinary treatment techniques and the extension of survival time of BC patients. BM seriously affects the quality of life and sur-vival prognosis of BC patients.

A 20-year shift in China's sewage sludge heavy metals and its feasibility of nutrient recovery in land use.

Recycling resources from wastewater is even more important for developing a more sustainable society. Disposing sewage sludge, which accumulates most pollutants and resources in sewage, is the main challenge in wastewater pollution control and resource utilization. Heavy metals (HMs) are the greatest constraint limiting the application of sewage sludge to land as a sustainable use of this material.

Peutz-Jeghers syndrome without mutation may correlate with less severe clinical manifestations in Chinese patients.

Background: Peutz-Jeghers syndrome (PJS) is an autosomal dominant genetic disease with skin mucosal pigment spots and gastrointestinal (GI) multiple hamartoma polyps as clinical characteristics. At present, it is considered that the germline mutation of gene is the genetic cause of PJS. However, not all PJS patients can be detected germline mutations.

Clinical features, diagnosis, and treatment of Peutz-Jeghers syndrome: Experience with 566 Chinese cases.

Background: Peutz-Jeghers syndrome (PJS) is a clinically rare disease with pigmented spots on the lips and mucous membranes and extremities, scattered gastrointestinal polyps, and susceptibility to tumors as clinical manifestations. Effective preventive and curative methods are still lacking. Here we summarize our experience with 566 Chinese patients with PJS from a Chinese medical center with regard to the clinical features, diagnosis, and treatment.

[Characteristics of rainfall and runoff in urban drainage based on the SWMM model.].

The characteristics of 235 rainfall and surface runoff events, from 2009 to 2011 in a typical urban drainage area in Shanghai were analyzed by using SWMM model. The results showed that the rainfall events in the region with high occurrence frequency were characterized by small rainfall amount and low intensity. The most probably occurred rainfall had total amount less than 10 mm, or mean intensity less than 5 mm·h,or peak intensity less than 10 mm·h, accounting for 66.

[Research of controlling condition for aeration stabilization pond dealing with sanitary waste of countryside].

According to research of some problems, such as the hydraulic detention time that aeration stabilization pond deals with sanitary waste of countryside, dissolved oxygen in pond during the process of aeration, the concentration distribution of sludge and different aeration periods affecting on the treatment efficiency, we can acquire good treatment efficiency and energy consumption of economy. The results indicate that under the aeration stabilization pond of this experiment, 4 d is the best hydraulic detention time with this aeration stabilization pond. Time of the discontinuous running aeration should be greater than 15 min.

[Performance of new solid carbon source materials for denitrification].

Organic carbon is needed as the electron donor in the process of reduction of nitrate transformation to nitrogen gas, which is essential for biological denitrification. Based on previous research, agriculture wastes including corncob, rice hull, rice straw and sawdust were selected as potential carbon source for denitrification. Using the static organic material of carbon source leaching kinetics test and orthogonal experiments of external factors on carbon emission process, carbon release and its mechanism of a variety of carbon materials were studied.

[Nitrate removal from wastewater using rice straw as carbon source and biofilm carrier].

In this research,agriculture waste-rice straw was investigated as the sole carbon source as well as biofilm carrier to remove nitrate from wastewater in up-flow laboratory reactors. The experimental results indicated that the startup of the system was quick and a high nitrate removal efficiency was observed. The accumulation of nitrite was not observed in this process.

Biological denitrification using corncobs as a carbon source and biofilm carrier.

In this research, agricultural waste--in particular, comcobs--was investigated for use as the sole carbon source and biofilm carrier to remove nitrate from wastewater in up-flow laboratory reactors. An artificial wastewater with a temperature range of 27 to 33 degrees C was used. Fast startup of the reactor and a high nitrate removal efficiency were observed.

[Dynamic rule of organic matter removal in vertical-flow constructed wetland].

Based upon the analysis of the removal rate and form change of the organic pollutants with the different height of the vertical-flow constructed wetland, it comes to the conclusion of the average longitudinal removal rate of variant forms organics and presents the influent concentration and the hydraulic load curve. The results indicated that: Under this experimental condition, the reduction of the organics in the vertical subsurface flow constructed wetland mainly occurred within the 0-10 cm substrate below the pipe distributor. In the meantime, the smaller the hydraulic load of influent, the higher the removal ratio of the organic pollutants in the substrate section.

[Clogging mechanism in vertical-flow constructed wetland: clogging cause and accumulation distribution characteristics].

In order to solve the problem of clogging in the vertical-flow constructed wetland, the reason of clogging and the distribution rule of clogging substance in the vertical-flow constructed wetland was investigated first. Based on the correlativity of accumulation quantity and banked-up water area or lacuna rate in constructed wetland systems, the results show that the accumulation of non-filter materials is the main reason of clogging. The banked-up phenomenon will occur when the accumulation of non-filter materials is more than 18.

[Difference between subsurface wetlands for different water treatment].

By analysis of oxygen balance and material balance as well as empirical study, contribution of root oxygenation, water-carried oxygen and plant absorbance of nutrient in subsurface wetlands (SW) was examined, and free drainage in substrate was also adopted to check its effect on air transfer. The results showed that plant play important role when SW treating surface water with low concentration of contaminants. In such case, root oxygenation and water-carried oxygen sustains the substrate aerobic and so effluent DO > 0; N and P removal is stable for plant absorbance and media adsorption.

[Enhancement strategies in vertical flow constructed wetlands for domestic wastewater treatment].

Because pollutants load is too high for root oxygenation, plant absorbance of nutrient and media absorption in vertical down flow wetland to remove pollutants from domestic wastewater, some deficiency do exist, which were confronted by pre-treatment enhancement, media optimization and technological revolution in this study. The strategies include chemically enhanced settlement, pre-aeration, addition of N-adsorption media and P"adsorption media, high, middle and low water level and dynamic saturation line within the soil profile. Chemically enhanced settlement can not only remove P but reduce 63% of the surface area of the connected wetland, but can not remove N effectively.