Multimodal abnormalities of brain structures in adolescents and young adults with major depressive disorder: An activation likelihood estimation meta-analysis.

Background: Major depressive disorder (MDD) in adolescents and young adults contributes significantly to global morbidity, with inconsistent findings on brain structural changes from structural magnetic resonance imaging studies. Activation likelihood estimation (ALE) offers a method to synthesize these diverse findings and identify consistent brain anomalies.

Aim: To identify consistent brain structural changes in adolescents and young adults with MDD using ALE meta-analysis.