Liposomal Encapsulation Increases the Efficacy of Azithromycin against .

() is an obligate intracellular bacterium linked to ocular and urogenital infections with potentially serious sequelae, including blindness and infertility. First-line antibiotics, such as azithromycin (AZT) and doxycycline, are effective, but treatment failures have also been reported. Encapsulation of antibiotics in liposomes is considered an effective approach for improving their local effects, bioavailability, biocompatibility and antimicrobial activity.

Indoleamine 2,3-Dioxygenase Cannot Inhibit Growth in HL-60 Human Neutrophil Granulocytes.

Aims: Neutrophil granulocytes are the major cells involved in ()-mediated inflammation and histopathology. A key protein in human intracellular antichlamydial defense is the tryptophan-degrading enzyme indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO) which limits the growth of the tryptophan auxotroph . Despite its importance, the role of IDO in the intracellular defense against in neutrophils is not well characterized.