Fruit Extract, Rich in Polyphenols and Flavonoids, Modifies the Expression of and Genes Involved in Epigenetic Processes.

Recently, the field of epigenetics has been intensively studied in relation to nutrition. In our study, the gene expression patterns of histone deacetylases (s), which regulate the stability of histone proteins, and DNA methyltransferases (s), which regulate DNA methylation, were determined in mice. The animals were fed a human-equivalent dose of the aqueous extract of fruit seeds and peels, which is rich in flavonoids and polyphenols, for 28 days and then exposed to the carcinogen 7,12-dimethylbenz(a)anthracene (DMBA).

Implicit bias against the Romas in Hungarian healthcare: taboos or unrevealed areas for health promotion?

The Roma or Gipsy population is the largest ethnic minority both in Europe and Hungary with a 10-15 years lower life expectancy and significantly worse health indicators than majority populations. The purpose of this exploratory study was to investigate a sensitive and controversial topic: the perspectives of healthcare staff about the presence and impacts of implicit bias in the Hungarian healthcare system towards Roma patients. Therefore, between June 2017 and May 2018 semi-structured interviews were conducted involving 13 healthcare professionals.

[Prejudices and their healthcare implications. Lessons learnt from a national survey].

Introduction: The presence and recognition of prejudice during care were examined among healthcare professionals towards the Roma population, the largest ethnic minority in Hungary. Aim: The aim of this study was to explore the extent to which prejudice in the Hungarian healthcare system might affect the quality of care and, thereby, the health of the Roma patients. Method: Semi-structured interviews were conducted between June 2017 and May 2018 with 13 interviewees.

Association of pre-miR-146a rs2910164 polymorphism with the risk of head and neck cancer.

Background: Over- or underexpression of miR-146a has been reported in several different human tumor types, and a polymorphism in its precursor form (pre-miR-146a rs2910164 G/C) has been recently studied in connection with cancer susceptibility. The aim of the present study was to investigate the possible influence of the pre-miR-146a rs2910164 polymorphism on the risk of squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck (HNSCC).

Patients And Methods: The study included 468 patients with HNSCC and 468 cancer-free, age-, gender-, and smoking-matched controls.

Effect of glutathione-S-transferase M1 and T1 allelic polymorphisms on HPV-induced cervical precancer formation.

Aim: The effect of GSTM1 and GSTT1 allelic polymorphisms was studied on the HPV-induced cervical carcinogenesis.

Patients And Methods: Two hundred and fifty-three women with persistent high-risk HPV infection were involved in the study; 117 of them developed cervical high-grade dysplasia and/or cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grade III during the 7-year follow-up period. Occurrence of GSTM1 and GSTT1 null genotypes was compared between women with and without dysplasia.

Mixtures of Uncaria and Tabebuia extracts are potentially chemopreventive in CBA/Ca mice: a long-term experiment.

A long-term experimental animal model was developed by our research group for the evaluation of potential chemopreventive effects. The inhibitory effects of agents on carcinogen (7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene (DMBA) induced molecular epidemiological biomarkers, in this case the expression of key onco/suppressor genes were investigated. The expression pattern of c-myc, Ha-ras, Bcl-2, K-ras protooncogene and p53 tumour suppressor gene were studied to elucidate early carcinogenic and potential chemopreventive effects.

GSTM, GSTT and p53 polymorphisms as modifiers of clinical outcome in colorectal cancer.

Background: Cancer of the colorectal region is the second most frequent cause of death among malignant diseases. The influence of two allelic polymorphisms of GSTM1 and GSTT1, and that of p53 gene codon 72 on colon cancer was investigated.

Patients And Methods: Intraoperatively removed tissue samples were processed from colorectal cancer patients.

Association between allelic polymorphisms of metabolizing enzymes (CYP 1A1, CYP 1A2, CYP 2E1, mEH) and occurrence of colorectal cancer in Hungary.

Background: Genetic polymorphisms of metabolizing enzymes may affect the risk of cancer formation in humans. Since the diet can contain polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and heterocyclic amines (HAs), the relationship between polymorphisms of enzymes involved in PAH and HA metabolism and the occurrence of sporadic colorectal cancer was studied.

Patients And Methods: Five hundred colorectal cancer patients and 500 controls were genotyped for cytochrome P450 enzymes (CYP) 1A1 Ile/Val, CYP 1A2*1F, CYP 2E1 c1/c2, microsomal epoxy hydrolase (mEH) exon 3 Tyr113His and exon 4 His139Arg polymorphisms by allele-specific polymerase chain reaction (PCR) or PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP).

Polymorphisms of glutathione-S-transferase and arylamine N-acetyltransferase enzymes and susceptibility to colorectal cancer.

Background: Glutathione-S-transferases (GSTs) and N-acetyltransferases (NATs) are involved in the metabolism of a wide range of carcinogenic chemicals. Allelic polymorphism of these enzymes is associated with variations in enzyme activity, hence it may affect the concentration of activated carcinogenic chemicals in the body. Previous studies suggest a possible cancer risk-modifying effect of these allelic polymorphisms, but the results are still controversial.