[Planning options of reconstructive and orthognathic operation by means of three-dimensional imaging].

We summarize up-to-date planning technics of orthognathic and reconstructive surgery operation which appeared with three-dimensional imaging, using literature data and some clinical examples. In many cases, orthognathic and reconstructive operations mean the only treatment of facial deformity caused by tumour, traumatic injury or congenital anomaly. In this field, radiology plays an important role not only in the diagnosis but also in the planning of the treatment.

Landmark-based midsagittal plane analysis in patients with facial symmetry and asymmetry based on CBCT analysis tomography.

Purpose: Reconstruction of the facial midplane is relevant in anthropometry, orthodontics, maxillofacial surgery, and the accurate measurement of symmetry deviation is relevant in many fields of medicine especially when planning surgical treatment. In the literature, three different means of midplane generation have been published; however, there is currently no consensus regarding the approach to use. Morphometric methods are used to determine the true midsagittal plane (MSP), but its use in clinical practice is difficult.

Lower face cephalometry based on quadrilateral analysis with cone-beam computed tomography: a clinical pilot study.

Objective: As most orthognathic surgeries focus on the lower face, the aim of this study was to transfer previously developed two-dimensional cephalometry-which is useful for surgeons in the orthognathic surgery of the lower face-to three-dimensional (3D) cephalometry by using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT). We selected the quadrilateral lower face analysis developed by the surgeon Di Paolo, who focused only for the lower face and mentioned that data in millimeters are more easy to use than angles for surgeons. Additionally, we wanted to create a 3D lower face analysis approach based on quadrilateral analysis and establish a reference table for surgical planning.

[Di Paolo's cephalometrical analysis of lower face by means of Cone-Beam CT].

Object: 3D cephalometry is often the only way to set up accurate diagnosis and treatment plan in the field of reconstructive surgery. In these cases complement exposures are needed beyond common cephalograms with higher accuracy than conventional Cone-Beam CT. Consequently the aim of our study was to perform a complex 3D cephalometry.

Measurements of orbital volume using cone-beam computed tomography in eye movement abnormalities.

Purpose: To measure the orbital volume in adult patients with unilateral eye movement abnormalities originating in childhood.

Methods: Cone-beam computed tomography was performed in 2 patients with eye movement abnormalities. A 28-year-old woman was treated because of right divergent squint originating at 8 years of age after penetrating corneal trauma.

Measurement of orbital volume after enucleation and orbital implantation.

Introduction: This article reports experience relating to the measurement of orbital volume by means of cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) and Cranioviewer program software in patients who have undergone enucleation and orbital implantation.

Patients And Methods: CBCT scans were made in 30 cases, 10 of which were later excluded because of various technical problems. The study group therefore consisted of 20 patients (8 men and 12 women).