Similarity of brain activity patterns during learning and subsequent resting state predicts memory consolidation.

Spontaneous reactivation of brain activity from learning to a subsequent off-line period has been implicated as a neural mechanism underlying memory consolidation. However, similarities in brain activity may also emerge as a result of individual, trait-like characteristics. Here, we introduced a novel approach for analyzing continuous electroencephalography (EEG) data to investigate learning-induced changes as well as trait-like characteristics in brain activity underlying memory consolidation.

Finding Pattern in the Noise: Persistent Implicit Statistical Knowledge Impacts the Processing of Unpredictable Stimuli.

Humans can extract statistical regularities of the environment to predict upcoming events. Previous research recognized that implicitly acquired statistical knowledge remained persistent and continued to influence behavior even when the regularities were no longer present in the environment. Here, in an fMRI experiment, we investigated how the persistence of statistical knowledge is represented in the brain.

Sustained polyphasic sleep restriction abolishes human growth hormone release.

Study Objectives: Voluntary sleep restriction is a common phenomenon in industrialized societies aiming to increase time spent awake and thus productivity. We explored how restricting sleep to a radically polyphasic schedule affects neural, cognitive, and endocrine characteristics.

Methods: Ten young healthy participants were restricted to one 20-minute nap opportunity at the end of every 4 hours (i.

NREM sleep as a novel protective cognitive reserve factor in the face of Alzheimer's disease pathology.

Background: Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathology impairs cognitive function. Yet some individuals with high amounts of AD pathology suffer marked memory impairment, while others with the same degree of pathology burden show little impairment. Why is this? One proposed explanation is cognitive reserve i.

Frontal-midline theta frequency and probabilistic learning: A transcranial alternating current stimulation study.

Probabilistic learning is a fundamental cognitive ability that extracts and represents regularities of our environment enabling predictive processing during perception and acquisition of perceptual, motor, cognitive, and social skills. Previous studies show competition between neural networks related to executive function/working memory vs. probabilistic learning.

The relationship between subjective sleep quality and cognitive performance in healthy young adults: Evidence from three empirical studies.

The role of subjective sleep quality in cognitive performance has gained increasing attention in recent decades. In this paper, our aim was to test the relationship between subjective sleep quality and a wide range of cognitive functions in a healthy young adult sample combined across three studies. Sleep quality was assessed by the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, the Athens Insomnia Scale, and a sleep diary to capture general subjective sleep quality, and the Groningen Sleep Quality Scale to capture prior night's sleep quality.

Deconstructing Procedural Memory: Different Learning Trajectories and Consolidation of Sequence and Statistical Learning.

Procedural learning is a fundamental cognitive function that facilitates efficient processing of and automatic responses to complex environmental stimuli. Here, we examined training-dependent and off-line changes of two sub-processes of procedural learning: namely, sequence learning and statistical learning. Whereas sequence learning requires the acquisition of order-based relationships between the elements of a sequence, statistical learning is based on the acquisition of probabilistic associations between elements.

Dynamics of EEG functional connectivity during statistical learning.

Statistical learning is a fundamental mechanism of the brain, which extracts and represents regularities of our environment. Statistical learning is crucial in predictive processing, and in the acquisition of perceptual, motor, cognitive, and social skills. Although previous studies have revealed competitive neurocognitive processes underlying statistical learning, the neural communication of the related brain regions (functional connectivity, FC) has not yet been investigated.

Declarative and Non-declarative Memory Consolidation in Children with Sleep Disorder.

Healthy sleep is essential in children's cognitive, behavioral, and emotional development. However, remarkably little is known about the influence of sleep disorders on different memory processes in childhood. Such data could give us a deeper insight into the effect of sleep on the developing brain and memory functions and how the relationship between sleep and memory changes from childhood to adulthood.

[The psychometric properties of the Hungarian version of the Morningness-Eveningness Questionnaire (MEQ-H): the separate factors of Morning Freshness and Circadian Rhythmicity].

Introduction: A large body of research has been accumulated concerning the relationship between circadian preferences (chronotype) and certain personality traits and psychopathological symptoms. Given that chronotype is related to clinically relevant personality traits, risk factors as well as diurnal variations in behavioural performance, the reliable measurement of circadian preferences might become an important step in daily psychiatric practice. In the present study, we examined the psychometric properties of the Hungarian adaptation of the Morningness- Eveningness Questionnaire (MEQ-H).

The influence of sleep complaints on the association between chronotype and negative emotionality in young adults.

A great body of research indicates that eveningness is associated with negative psychological outcomes, including depressive and anxiety symptoms, behavioral dyscontrol and different health impairing behaviors. Impaired subjective sleep quality, increased circadian misalignment and daytime sleepiness were also reported in evening-type individuals in comparison with morning-types. Although sleep problems were consistently reported to be associated with poor psychological functioning, the effects of sleep disruption on the relationship between eveningness preference and negative emotionality have scarcely been investigated.