Toxicology studies of primycin-sulphate using a three-dimensional (3D) in vitro human liver aggregate model.

Primycin-sulphate is a highly effective compound against Gram (G) positive bacteria. It has a potentially synergistic effect with vancomycin and statins which makes primycin-sulphate a potentially very effective preparation. Primycin-sulphate is currently used exclusively in topical preparations.

Chemical, physical and biological approaches to prevent ochratoxin induced toxicoses in humans and animals.

Ochratoxins are polyketide derived fungal secondary metabolites with nephrotoxic, immunosuppressive, teratogenic, and carcinogenic properties. Ochratoxin-producing fungi may contaminate agricultural products in the field (preharvest spoilage), during storage (postharvest spoilage), or during processing. Ochratoxin contamination of foods and feeds poses a serious health hazard to animals and humans.

Degradation of ochratoxin A and other mycotoxins by Rhizopus isolates.

Several filamentous fungi representing the genera Rhizopus and Mucor were examined for their ability to degrade ochratoxin A (OTA), aflatoxin B1, zearalenone and patulin in a liquid medium. While none of the isolates exhibited aflatoxin degrading activity, ochratoxin A, zearalenone and patulin were decomposed by several isolates. Ochratoxin A was successfully degraded by Rhizopus stolonifer, R.