Hematology, Hormones, Inflammation, and Muscle Damage in Elite and Professional Soccer Players: A Systematic Review with Implications for Exercise.

Background: Knowledge of the long-term effects of soccer training on hematological, hormonal, inflammatory, and muscle damage markers and physical performance may help to better design strength and conditioning programs for performance development and injury prevention for the individual player and the team.

Objectives: The aim of this systematic review was to summarize and discuss evidence on the long-term effects of soccer training on selected hematological, hormonal, inflammatory, and muscle damage markers and physical performance in elite and professional soccer players. A second goal was to investigate associations between selected physiological markers and measures of performance.

Sex-specific effects of small-sided games in basketball on psychometric and physiological markers during Ramadan intermittent fasting: a pilot study.

Background: We assessed the effects of gender, in association with a four-week small-sided games (SSGs) training program, during Ramadan intermitting fasting (RIF) on changes in psychometric and physiological markers in professional male and female basketball players.

Methods: Twenty-four professional basketball players from the first Tunisian (Tunisia) division participated in this study. The players were dichotomized by sex (males [G = 12]; females [G = 12]).

Walking exercise and lower-body blood flow restriction: Effects on systemic inflammation, lipid profiles and hematological indices in overweight middle-aged males.

The objective of present study is to investigate the effects of walk training with and without blood flow restriction (BFR and no-BFR) on lipid profiles, inflammatory and haematological factors in over-weighed men. Participants were divided into BFR ( = 9) or no-BFR ( = 9) groups. Both groups were exposed to 8-week walk training on a treadmill: 3 sessions/week at a speed of 50 m/min, 5 sets × 2 min/session.

Internal and External Training Load in Under-19 versus Professional Soccer Players during the In-Season Period.

This study aimed to compare the training load of a professional under-19 soccer team (U-19) to that of an elite adult team (EAT), from the same club, during the in-season period. Thirty-nine healthy soccer players were involved (EAT [ = 20]; U-19 [ = 19]) in the study which spanned four weeks. Training load (TL) was monitored as external TL, using a global positioning system (GPS), and internal TL, using a rating of perceived exertion (RPE).

Effects of Combined Balance and Strength Training on Measures of Balance and Muscle Strength in Older Women With a History of Falls.

Objective: We investigated the effects of combined balance and strength training on measures of balance and muscle strength in older women with a history of falls.

Methods: Twenty-seven older women aged 70.4 ± 4.

Sprint and jump performances in highly trained young soccer players of different chronological age: Effects of linear VS. CHANGE-OF-DIRECTION sprint training.

Objective: The aim of this study was to examine the effects of two different sprint-training regimes on sprint and jump performances according to age in elite young male soccer players over the course of one soccer season.

Methods: Players were randomly assigned to two training groups. Group 1 performed systematic change-of-direction sprints (CODST, U19 [n = 9], U17 [n = 9], U15 [n = 10]) while group 2 conducted systematic linear sprints (LST, U19 [n = 9], U17 [n = 9], U15 [n = 9]).

ISOKINETIC TRUNK STRENGTH, VALIDITY, RELIABILITY, NORMATIVE DATA AND RELATION TO PHYSICAL PERFORMANCE AND LOW BACK PAIN: A REVIEW OF THE LITERATURE.

Background: Isokinetic testing of the trunk is ubiquitous in the literature and with training, however, there is a lack of normative data for adolescents and adult athletes.

Purpose: The purpose of the current review is to present and summarize data about isokinetic trunk strength assessment relative to young, adolescent and adult athletes. Testing position variations, reliability values by age groups, utilization of strength measures and normative data by age groups have been discussed.

Differences in Trunk Strength Between Weightlifters and Wrestlers.

Investigations of trunk strength with high-level athletes are limited. The purpose of this study was to compare maximal concentric isokinetic trunk extension and flexion torque, power, and strength ratios between high-level weightlifters (n = 20), wrestlers (n = 20) and a control (n = 25) population. Isokinetic dynamometry was used to evaluate peak torque, power and strength ratios during seated trunk extension/flexion actions at 60°/s and 180°/s.

Relationship of Pre-season Training Load With In-Season Biochemical Markers, Injuries and Performance in Professional Soccer Players.

Introduction: There is controversy in the literature in regards of the link between training load and injury rate. Thus, the aims of this non-interventional study were to evaluate relationships between pre-season training load with biochemical markers, injury incidence and performance during the first month of the competitive period in professional soccer players.

Materials And Methods: Healthy professional soccer players were enrolled in this study over two pre-season periods.

Strength Training Reduces Injury Rate in Elite Young Soccer Players During One Season.

The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of strength training on physical fitness parameters and injuries occurrence in young elite soccer players. Fifty-two elite young soccer players (13-14 years) were divided on a randomized order into experimental group (EG, n = 26) and control group (CG, n = 26). For EG, 2 to 3 sessions of strength training (90 minutes) were introduced weekly in their training program for 12 weeks (4 × 3 weeks separated by 1-week recovery).

Single-leg assessment of postural stability and knee functional outcome two years after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction.

Objective: To analyse postural stability and the single-leg hop for distance in subjects 2 years after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR), in comparison with an age- and activity-matched control group.

Design And Setting: Subjects reported to a sports medicine or athletic training research laboratory for testing.

Subjects: Twenty-six subjects having undergone ACLR and 26 age- and activity-matched controls were selected to participate in this study.

[Isokinetic, functional and proprioceptive assessment of soccer players two years after surgical reconstruction of the anterior cruciate ligament of the knee].

Unlabelled: Injuries to the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) of the knee are common in sport and are treated routinely in the world of sports medicine. In order to resume competitive sport in safety, it is important to know the actual level of performance achieved by the operated leg some time after the ligament repair.

Objectives: The objective of this work was to evaluate the recovery of the operated leg in Tunisian sportsmen two years after surgery by using isokinetic testing (60 degrees s(-1)), the one-leg hop distance test (i.