In vitro and in vivo induction of chromosome aberrations by alpha- and beta-zearalenols: comparison with zearalenone.

Zearalenone (ZEN) is a non-steroidal estrogenic mycotoxin produced by Fusarium fungi. It contaminates different components of the food chain and can cause serious economic and public health problems. The major metabolites of ZEN in various animal species are alpha- and beta-zearalenol (α-, β-ZOL).

Single and combined genotoxic and cytotoxic effects of two xenobiotics widely used in intensive aquaculture.

Several chemicals are used in aquaculture to prevent or to treat disease outbreaks. These substances are mainly administered by two different routes: by prolonged immersion or by mixing into the diet. In the case of intensive aquaculture, the chemicals that are most frequently applied by immersion are formaldehyde (FA) 37% and oxytetracycline (OTC).

Isothiocyanate from the Tunisian radish (Raphanus sativus) prevents genotoxicity of Zearalenone in vivo and in vitro.

Zearalenone (ZEN) is a naturally occurring contaminant of animal feed that has been implicated in several mycotoxicoses in farm livestock. Recently some information has become available indicating that ZEN caused cancer or at least increased its prevalence, although the mechanism of action is unknown. Many papers mentioned that exposure to ZEN results in genotoxicity and DNA damage.

Toxicities induced in cultured cells exposed to zearalenone: apoptosis or mutagenesis?

Zearalenone (ZEN) is a fusarotoxin produced mainly by Fusarium graminearum in temperate and warm countries. ZEN has several adverse effects on humans and animals. It has a strong estrogenic activity associated with hyperestrogenism and leads to several physiological alterations in the reproductive tract.

Preventive role of aluminosilicate clay against induction of micronuclei and chromosome aberrations in bone-marrow cells of Balb/c mice treated with Zearalenone.

Zearalenone (ZEN) is a potent estrogenic metabolite produced by some Fusarium species. No treatment has been successfully employed to remove ZEN contamination in foods. This study was conducted to evaluate the ability of hydrated sodium calcium aluminosilicate (HSCAS) to protect Balb/c mice against cytotoxicity and genotoxicity induced by ZEN.

Tunisian radish extract (Raphanus sativus) enhances the antioxidant status and protects against oxidative stress induced by zearalenone in Balb/c mice.

Radish (Raphanus sativus) is a food plant known worldwide. From antiquity it has been used in folk medicine as a natural drug against many toxicants. Zearalenone (zen) is a non-steroidal estrogenic mycotoxin present in corn and food mixture for farm animals and it is hepatotoxic, hematotoxic, immunotoxic, nephrotoxic and genotoxic.

Preventive role of phyllosilicate clay on the Immunological and Biochemical toxicity of zearalenone in Balb/c mice.

Zearalenone (ZEN), a mycotoxin produced by several Fusarium spp., is most commonly found as a contaminant in stored grain and has chronic estrogenic effects on mammals. ZEN and its metabolites have anabolic activities and induced severe stress on liver, kidney and immune system.

The protective effect of hydrated sodium calcium aluminosilicate against haematological, biochemical and pathological changes induced by Zearalenone in mice.

Hydrated sodium calcium aluminosilicate (HSCAS), an anticaking agent for mixed feed, was added alone or simultaneously with a toxic Zearalenone (ZEN) dose to balb/c mice and was evaluated for its ability to restore damages induced by ZEN. The latter is a mycotoxin produced by fusarium genera; it is mainly known to induce several toxic effects such as hepatotoxicity, immunotoxicity and nephrotoxicity on animals and humans. The experimental approach consisted of eight treatments of six mice each by 400 mg/kg bw or 5 g/kg bw of HSCAS.

DNA fragmentation, apoptosis and cell cycle arrest induced by zearalenone in cultured DOK, Vero and Caco-2 cells: prevention by Vitamin E.

Zearalenone (ZEN) is a non-steroidal oestrogenic mycotoxin produced by several Fusarium species growing on cereals. ZEN and its metabolites bind to human oestrogen receptors and hence display oestrogenic and anabolic properties. Several lines of investigation suggest that ZEN may be genotoxic in vivo.

Induction of micronuclei by Zearalenone in Vero monkey kidney cells and in bone marrow cells of mice: protective effect of Vitamin E.

Zearalenone (ZEN) is a non-steroidal estrogenic mycotoxin mainly produced by Fusarium graminaerum, found as a world-wide contaminant mainly of corn and wheat. Previous studies have demonstrated that among several other effects on animals and humans, ZEN also displays hepatotoxicity, immunotoxicity and nephrotoxicity. ZEN is mainly known as a hormonal disrupter due to its estrogenic activities and consequent toxicity for reproduction.