Direct Suturing of Ulnar or Median Nerve Defects in High-Degree Elbow Flexion: An Experimental Cadaver Study.

Objective: The aim of this study is to determine the maximum loss of median and ulnar nerve substances that can be treated by direct suture in elbow flexion and to quantify this elbow flexion. The other objective is to determine the participation of the wrist position in this direct suture in elbow flexion.

Methods: We performed an experimental study on 6 ulnar nerve lesions and 6 median nerve lesions.

Surgical treatment of painful neuroma in amputated and non-amputated patients: does the level of neurotomy affect clinical outcomes?

Purpose: To compare the outcomes of distal neurotomy (DN) versus proximal neurotomy (PN) for the surgical management of painful neuromas in amputees and non-amputees, whether used in passive or active treatment.

Methods: A retrospective study was conducted on patients who underwent surgery for painful traumatic neuromas between 2019 and 2022. DN with neuroma excision was performed at the level of the injury or amputation.

Defects of the sciatic nerve and its divisions treated by direct suturing in 90 degrees knee flexion: report on the first clinical series.

Objective: To evaluate functional results after treatment of large defects of the sciatic nerve and its divisions by direct nerve suturing in high knee flexion.

Methods: A retrospective review was conducted in patients treated for lower extremity nerve defects between 2011 and 2019. Inclusion criteria were a defect > 2 cm with a minimal follow-up period of 2 years for the sciatic nerve and 1 year for its divisions.

Treatment of upper extremity nerve defects by direct suturing in high elbow or wrist flexion.

Purpose: To evaluate functional outcomes after direct suturing of upper extremity nerve defects in high elbow or wrist flexion.

Methods: A retrospective review was conducted in patients treated for median, ulnar, or radial nerve defects between 2011 and 2019. Inclusion criteria were a defect > 1 cm and a minimal follow-up period of 1 year.

Ballistic peripheral nerve injuries: basic concepts, controversies, and proposal for a management strategy.

Ballistic injuries to peripheral nerves are devastating injuries frequently encountered in modern conflicts and civilian trauma centers. Such injuries often produce lifelong morbidity, mainly in the form of function loss and chronic pain. However, their surgical management still poses significant challenges concerning indication, timing, and type of repair, particularly when they are part of high-energy multi-tissue injuries.

Transfer of a C7 Fascicle for the Pectoralis Major to the Suprascapular Nerve: A 3-Year Follow-Up Patient Series.

Background: In patients with C5-C6 brachial plexus injury, spinal accessory nerve transfer to the suprascapular nerve is usually performed for the restoration of shoulder abduction. In order to minimize donor deficits, we transferred one fascicle of the ipsilateral C7 root, dedicated to the pectoralis major muscle, to the suprascapular nerve.

Methods: Ten patients with a mean age of 33 years (range, 19 to 51 years) were operated on at a mean delay of 4 months after their trauma (range, 2 to 7 months).

C5/C6 brachial plexus palsy reconstruction using nerve surgery: long-term functional outcomes.

Introduction: In traumatic proximal brachial plexus lesions (i.e., C5/C6), reconstruction of the musculocutaneous, axillary and suprascapular nerves yields satisfactory short- and medium-term functional outcomes.

Management of Sciatic Nerve Defects: Lessons Learned and Proposal for a New Strategy.

Management of sciatic nerve injuries can be difficult for surgeons without a special interest in nerve surgery as they would only treat a handful of such cases for many years. Sciatic nerve defects pose the greatest repair challenges, with nerve grafting producing mixed results because of the large size of the nerve in both diameter and length. This article first presents the peculiarities of sciatic nerve defects management, based on the authors experience and a literature review.

Direct Suturing of Sciatic Nerve Defects in High-degree Knee Flexion: An Experimental Study.

Objective: We sought to elucidate the conditions of direct suturing of sciatic nerve defects in high-degree knee flexion. We aimed to establish a correlation among the defect length, defect location, degree of knee flexion, and eventual need for hip immobilization in extension.

Methods: We performed an experimental study by completing bilateral dissection of the sciatic nerve in 6 cadavers.

Missile Injury of the Sciatic Nerve: Observational Study Supporting Early Exploration and Direct Suture With Flexed Knee.

Missile injuries of the sciatic nerve are frequently encountered in modern violent conflicts. Gunshot and fragment wounds may cause large nerve defects, for which management is challenging. The great size of the sciatic nerve, in both diameter and length, explains the poor results of nerve repair using autografts or allografts.

Isolated open anterior shoulder release in brachial plexus birth palsy.

Background: In children with brachial plexus birth palsy (BPBP), a shoulder joint internal contracture is commonly observed, which may result in glenohumeral osseous deformities and posterior joint subluxation. The purpose of this retrospective study was to evaluate the impact of an isolated anterior shoulder release on osteoarticular disorders and assess the subsequent clinical improvements.

Methods: Forty consecutive BPBP patients with glenohumeral dysplasia underwent an open anterior shoulder release.

Intraneural perineurioma: a retrospective study of 19 patients.

Intraneural perineurioma is a benign neoplasm of peripheral nerve sheath with perineurial cell origin that typically affects teenagers and young adults and tends to result in a motor-predominant neuropathy. The aim of our study is to present the epidemiology, clinical presentation, way of diagnosis and management plan in a consecutive patient series. Ninteen patients diagnosed as having intraneural perineurioma were retrospectively chart reviewed.

Glenohumeral fusion in adults with sequelae of obstetrical brachial plexus injury: a report of eight cases.

The purpose of this study was to assess the outcomes of glenohumeral fusion performed in adulthood in patients with poor recovery after obstetric brachial plexus injury. We reviewed eight patients with obstetrical brachial plexus injury who had undergone shoulder arthrodesis. The mean age was 28 years (range 16 to 55).

Bipolar transfer of the pectoralis major muscle for restoration of elbow flexion in 29 cases.

Background: This study evaluated the functional outcomes of bipolar pedicled pectoralis major (PM) transfer to restore elbow flexion.

Methods: We retrospectively reviewed 29 transfers in 28 patients with a mean age of 31.2 years (range, 5-65 years).

Spinal accessory nerve repair using a direct nerve transfer from the upper trunk: results with 2 years follow-up.

Unlabelled: Spinal accessory nerve grafting requires identification of both nerve stumps in the scar tissue, which is sometimes difficult. We propose a direct nerve transfer using a fascicle from the posterior division of the upper trunk. We retrospectively reviewed 11 patients with trapezius palsy due to an iatrogenic injury of the spinal accessory nerve in nine cases.

A New Rerouting Technique for the Extensor Pollicis Longus in Palliative Treatment for Wrist and Finger Extension Paralysis Resulting From Radial Nerve and C5C6C7 Root Injury.

Wrist and finger extension paralysis is a consequence of an injury to the radial nerve or the C5C6C7 roots. Despite these 2 different levels of lesions, palliative treatment for this type of paralysis depends on the same tendon transfers. A large majority of the patients are able to compensate for a deficiency of the extension of the wrist and fingers.

Functional outcome of glenohumeral fusion in brachial plexus palsy: a report of 54 cases.

Purpose: The restoration of shoulder function is a major issue in brachial plexus palsy. Although several tendon and nerve transfers have been described, shoulder arthrodesis remains a reliable technique in this context. This study planned to compare surgical and functional outcomes of 2 glenohumeral arthrodesis bone graft techniques: massive subacromial corticocancellous versus cancellous only grafts.

Digitalization of the second finger in type 2 central longitudinal deficiencies (clefting) of the hand.

In central longitudinal deficiency of the hand type 2 (Manske and Halikis), the second finger presents itself anatomically and functionally as a second thumb. It is therefore necessary to undertake digitalization of the index, performed exactly as a reverse pollicization technique, with the same principles: minimum volar scarring and reconstruction of a large first web space without scars at the fold of the commissure. The incision surrounds the second digit at the level of the midproximal phalanx, extends over the dorsal edge of the cleft, and finishes on the radial side of the third finger where the second web space is to be created.

Hourglass-like constriction of the axillary nerve: report of two patients.

Among the various etiologies of compressive lesions, the development of an hourglass-like constriction of the nerve that is unrelated to any recognizably compressive structure is a very rare phenomenon. This problem has been reported previously for the radial nerve and its branch posterior interosseous nerve and for the anterior interosseous nerve, a branch of median nerve. Here we report 2 cases of hourglass-like constriction of the axillary nerve that were observed during surgery; the constrictive segment was unrelated to any compressive structure.