Multi-omics insights implicate the remodeling of the intestinal structure and microbiome in aging.

Background: Aging can impair the ability of elderly individuals to fight infections and trigger persistent systemic inflammation, a condition known as inflammaging. However, the mechanisms underlying the development of inflammaging remain unknown.

Methods: We conducted 16S rRNA sequencing of intestinal contents from young and old C57BL/6J mice to elucidate changes in gut microbiota diversity and microbial community composition after aging.

A gene signature of cancer-associated fibroblasts predicts prognosis and treatment response in bladder cancer.

Objective: Due to the pivotal role cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) play in tumor progression, our study aimed to develop a signature of CAFs-related gene (CRG) to predict the survival outcomes and treatment response of bladder cancer (BLCA).

Methods: The transcriptome data and relevant clinical information about BLCA were collected from publicly available databases, including The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) datasets. Weighted gene co-expression network analysis was utilized to uncover CAFs-associated hub genes, and subsequently, a risk model for survival prognosis was constructed using LASSO-Cox regression.

Transcriptome-based analysis of the toxic effects of aluminum chloride exposure on spermatocytes.

Aluminum chloride (AlCl) exposure is pervasive in our daily lives. Numerous studies have demonstrated that exposure to AlCl can lead to male reproductive toxicity. However, the precise mechanism of action remains unclear.

Fosaprepitant Weekly vs Every 3 Weeks for the Prevention of Concurrent Chemoradiotherapy-Induced Nausea and Vomiting: A Pilot Randomized Clinical Trial.

Importance: Unlike substantial evidence in the prevention of chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting (CINV), research in the prevention of nausea and vomiting caused by concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CCRT) is currently lacking.

Objective: To compare the efficacy and safety of fosaprepitant weekly vs every 3 weeks for the prevention of nausea and emesis caused by CCRT among patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma.

Design, Setting, And Participants: This pilot randomized clinical trial was conducted at a single cancer center from November 24, 2020, to July 26, 2021, among patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma who had achieved CINV control after 2 to 3 cycles of induction chemotherapy.

Camrelizumab plus famitinib in patients with recurrent or metastatic nasopharyngeal carcinoma treated with PD-1 blockade: data from a multicohort phase 2 study.

Background: Treatment options for patients with recurrent/metastatic nasopharyngeal carcinoma (RM-NPC) are not clear after progression on previous treatment with PD-(L)1 inhibitor; critical gaps in evidence remain for such cases. Immunotherapy combined with antiangiogenic therapy has been reported to have synergistic antitumor activity. Therefore, we evaluated the efficacy and safety of camrelizumab plus famitinib in patients with RM-NPC who failed treatment with PD-1 inhibitor-containing regimens.

Testicular Toxicity in Rats Exposed to AlCl: a Proteomics Study.

Aluminum contamination is a growing environmental and public health concern, and aluminum testicular toxicity has been reported in male rats; however, the underlying mechanisms of this toxicity are unclear. The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of exposure to aluminum chloride (AlCl) on alterations in the levels of sex hormones (testosterone [T], luteinizing hormone [LH], and follicle-stimulating hormone [FSH]) and testicular damage. Additionally, the mechanisms of toxicity in the testes of AlCl-exposed rats were analyzed by proteomics.

Evolutionary route of nasopharyngeal carcinoma metastasis and its clinical significance.

It is critical to understand factors associated with nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) metastasis. To track the evolutionary route of metastasis, here we perform an integrative genomic analysis of 163 matched blood and primary, regional lymph node metastasis and distant metastasis tumour samples, combined with single-cell RNA-seq on 11 samples from two patients. The mutation burden, gene mutation frequency, mutation signature, and copy number frequency are similar between metastatic tumours and primary and regional lymph node tumours.

Camrelizumab Plus Apatinib in Patients With Recurrent or Metastatic Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma: An Open-Label, Single-Arm, Phase II Study.

Purpose: Immune checkpoint inhibitors combined with antiangiogenic therapy reportedly have potential synergistic antitumor activity. We investigated the activity and safety of this regimen for recurrent/metastatic nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC).

Methods: This single-arm, Simon two-stage study enrolled patients with recurrent/metastatic NPC who were refractory to at least first-line systemic therapy and treatment-naive to immune checkpoint inhibitors.

The role of in tumor prognosis and immune infiltration: A Pan-cancer analysis.

Purpose: There is evidence that the Crystallin Alpha B gene is involved in the regulation of the tumor microenvironment and influences tumor prognosis in some cancers. However, the role of gene in prognosis and immunology in pan-cancer is still unclear.

Methods: In this study, we analyzed the transcriptional profiles and survival data of cancer patients from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database.

N6-methyladenosine-associated prognostic pseudogenes contribute to predicting immunotherapy benefits and therapeutic agents in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma.

N6-methyladenosine (mA) is involved in critical cancerous processes. Pseudogenes play various roles in carcinogenesis and progression. However, the functional roles of mA-associated pseudogenes in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) are largely unknown.

TLR3 serves as a novel diagnostic and prognostic biomarker and is closely correlated with immune microenvironment in three types of cancer.

Toll-like receptor 3 (TLR3) plays an important role in both innate and adaptive immunity, but the prognostic value of TLR3 in heterogeneous tumors and the correlations between TLR3 expression and immune infiltration of heterogeneous tumors remain unclear. We investigated the expression of TLR3 in a variety of tumors and focused on the diagnostic and prognostic values of TLR3 in kidney renal clear cell carcinoma (KIRC), pancreatic adenocarcinoma (PAAD) and brain lower grade glioma (LGG) by GEPIA, DriverDBv3, UALCAN, TIMER, LinkedOmics, STRING, GeneMANIA and FunRich, as well as the possible mechanisms of TLR3 affecting tumor prognosis were discussed. Additionally, real-time fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) was used to validate TLR3 expression in early KIRC.

Establishment of a patient-derived organoid model and living biobank for nasopharyngeal carcinoma.

Background: Recurrent nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) remains a major challenge for clinicians and scientists. Tumor organoid is a revelational disease model that highly resembled the heterogeneity and histopathological characteristics of original tumors. This study aimed to optimize the modeling process of patient-derived NPC organoids (NPCOs), and establish a living-biobank of NPCs to study the mechanism and explore the more effective treatment of the disease.

Efficacy of local therapy to metastatic foci in nasopharyngeal carcinoma: large-cohort strictly-matched retrospective study.

Background: Studies of local therapy (LT) to metastatic foci from nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) are inconsistent and controversial. Here, we aimed to explore the survival benefit of LT directed at metastatic foci from NPC.

Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted in NPC patients with liver, lung, and/or bone metastases.

Identification of Survival Risk and Immune-Related Characteristics of Kidney Renal Clear Cell Carcinoma.

Background: Immunity exerts momentous functions in the progression and treatment of kidney renal clear cell carcinoma (KIRC). A better understanding of the relationship between KIRC and immunity may make a great contribution to evaluating the prognosis and immune-related therapeutic response of KIRC.

Methods: A series of information such as RNA sequence, clinical data, and tumor mutation burden (TMB) of KIRC patients were downloaded through The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA).

n. sp., an Intranuclear Microsporidian Infecting the Seahorse From China.

The life cycle, ultrastructure, and molecular phylogeny of a new intranuclear microsporidian, n. sp., infecting the intestine of the , were described.

Toll-Like Receptors Serve as Biomarkers for Early Diagnosis and Prognosis Assessment of Kidney Renal Clear Cell Carcinoma by Influencing the Immune Microenvironment: Comprehensive Bioinformatics Analysis Combined With Experimental Validation.

Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are important initiators of innate and acquired immune responses. However, its role in kidney renal clear cell carcinoma (KIRC) remains unclear. TLRs and their relationships with KIRC were studied in detail by ONCOMINE, UALCAN, GEPIA, cBioPortal, GeneMANIA, FunRich, LinkedOmics, TIMER and TRRUST.

Simulation-Based Optimization of a Multiple Gas Feed Sweetening Process.

For an energy-intensive sweetening process, it is common that sour gases from different sources are sent to a single sweetening plant in industries. In our previous work, a multiple gas feed sweetening process was proposed, which can simultaneously improve the purity of HS and reduce the energy consumption of the plant. This study aims to develop the superstructure of that process and use a simulation-based optimization framework with Aspen HYSYS as the process simulator and particle swarm optimization algorithm as the optimizer.

The Effect of Prolonged Duration of Intensity Modulated Radiotherapy for Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma.

Purpose: Radiotherapy is the most important primary treatment for patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Generally, the treatment duration of radiotherapy takes six or six and half weeks with 30 to 33 fractions. The current study was conducted to evaluate the association between prognosis and the duration of radiotherapy in nasopharyngeal carcinoma patients.

The impact of induction chemotherapy on long-term quality of life in patients with locoregionally advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma: Outcomes from a randomised phase 3 trial.

Background: Our previous trial confirmed that induction chemotherapy (IC) improved long-term survival outcomes in patients with locoregionally advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). In this study, we investigated the impact of IC on long-term quality of life (QoL) in this cohort.

Methods: Our trial was a randomised, open-label phase 3 trial comparing IC followed by concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CCRT) versus CCRT alone in patients with stage III-IVB (except T3N0-1) NPC.