Metal-Free, Hindered, Regioselective Access to Multifunctional Groups Diarylamines via S Ar Substitution of P-Nitroso Aromatic Methyl Ether by Arylamines.

Multifunctional groups diarylamines, an innovative product, efficiently produced from arylamines and p-nitrosoanisole derivatives by intermolecular S Ar under weak acid conditions. This S Ar proceeds under mild reaction conditions, and more significantly, the substrates involved do not necessarily require strong electron-withdrawing groups. Moreover, this S Ar is characterized by resistance to space crowding, tolerance to halogen and nitroso functional groups, and high regioselectivity.

Enhancement of pyranoanthocyanin formation in blueberry wine with non-Saccharomyces yeasts.

The development of blueberry wine provides an alternative method for maintaining the nutritional value and extending the shelf life of blueberries. However, anthocyanin loss and off-flavor compound generation during fermentation impair blueberry wine color and quality. Hydroxycinnamate decarboxylase from yeast can catalyze the conversion of hydroxycinnamic acids to vinylphenols, which later may condense with anthocyanins to form more stable vinylphenolic pyranoanthocyanins.

Parallel processing of radiation measurements and radiation video optimization.

In this study, we propose a parallel processing method for analyzing video-image radiation-response signals and suppressing radiation noise. We studied the linear-representation law of various image-information components on the radiation dose rate. Subsequently, the simulation images were used to examine the response-signal extract and radiation-noise suppression.

Ultrawide-range radiation detection based on dynamic identification and analysis of the response of a monolithic active pixel sensor.

In this paper, we present an ultrawide-range radiation detection method based on dynamic recognition and analysis of the response signal of a monolithic active pixel sensor (MAPS). Our analysis of the MAPS response mechanism determined that adaptive adjustment of the sensor's integral time is key to quantification of ionizing radiation in an ultrawide range. We also determined that different data processing methods are required for accurate quantification of high and low radiation dose rates.

Low dose rate γ-ray detection using a MAPS camera under a neutron radiation environment.

We present γ-ray radiation detection in a neutron radiation environment using a monolithic active pixel sensor (MAPS) camera without conversion or shielding layers. The measured output signal is the sum of the pedestal value, noise, and real radiation response signal. The sensor response shows that the MAPS camera is sensitive to neutrons and can capture a single photon.

Research on the Trajectory Planning of Demolition Robot Attachment Changing.

The process of changing the attachment of a demolition robot is a complex operation and requires a high docking accuracy, so it is hard for operators to control this process remotely through the camera's perspective. To solve this problem, this paper studies trajectory planning for changing a demolition robot attachment. This paper establishes a link parameter model of the demolition robot; the position and attitude of the attachment are obtained through a camera, the optimal docking point is calculated to minimize the distance error during angle alignment for attachment change, the inverse kinemics of the demolition robot are solved, the trajectory planning algorithm and visualization program are programmed, and then the trajectory planning for the demolition robot attachment changing method is proposed.

Research on Visualization and Error Compensation of Demolition Robot Attachment Changing.

Attachment changing in demolition robots has a high docking accuracy requirement, so it is hard for operators to control this process remotely through the perspective of a camera. To solve this problem, this study investigated positioning error and proposed a method of error compensation to achieve a highly precise attachment changing process. This study established a link parameter model for the demolition robot, measured the error in the attachment changing, introduced a reference coordinate system to solve the coordinate transformation from the dock spot of the robot's quick-hitch equipment to the dock spot of the attachment, and realized error compensation.

Financial performance evaluation of nuclear power-related enterprises from the perspective of sustainability.

A set of dynamic evaluation systems based on data envelopment analysis (DEA), Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) and Preference Ranking Organization Method for Enrichment Evaluation II has been constructed to determine the financial performance of Chinese nuclear power-related enterprises; the evaluation indicators reflect not only current development but also future development. (1) A comparison of the competitiveness of nine companies is conducted showing that Everbright Jiabao Co. Ltd.

Effect of Commercial Off-The-Shelf MAPS on γ-Ray Ionizing Radiation Response to Different Integration Times and Gains.

We report the γ-ray ionizing radiation response of commercial off-the-shelf (COTS) monolithic active-pixel sensors (MAPS) with different integration times and gains. The distribution of the eight-bit two-dimensional matrix of MAPS output frame images was studied for different parameter settings and dose rates. We present the first results of the effects of these parameters on the response of the sensor and establish a linear relationship between the average response signal and radiation dose rate in the high-dose rate range.

Video Monitoring Application of CMOS 4T-PPD-APS Under γ-ray Radiation.

In this paper, we discuss the potential use of four transistor active pixel sensor (4T-APS) as a video monitor at a nuclear accident site with a high level of γ radiation. The resistance and radiation responses to γ radiation were investigated by radiation experiments using Cs and Co γ-ray sources. The radiation resistance of 4T-APS was studied by testing the mean and the maximum dark current of the sensors after irradiation.

CMPO-calix[4]arenes with spacer containing intramolecular hydrogen bonding: effect of local rigidification on solvent extraction toward f-block elements.

To understand intramolecular hydrogen bonding in effecting liquid-liquid extraction behavior of CMPO-calixarenes, three CMPO-modified calix[4]arenes (CMPO-CA) 5a-5c with hydrogen-bonded spacer were designed and synthesized. The impact of spacer rotation that is hindered by introduction of intramolecular hydrogen bonding upon extraction of La(3+), Eu(3+), Yb(3+), Th(4+), and UO2(2+) has been examined. The results show that 5b and 5c containing only one hydrogen bond with a less hindered rotation spacer extract La(3+) more efficiently than 5a containing two hydrogen bonds with a more hindered rotation spacer, demonstrating the importance of local rigidification of spacer in the design of extractants in influencing the coordination environment.

Tunable mesogens based on shape-persistent aromatic oligoamides: from lamellar, columnar, to nematic liquid crystalline phase.

Crescent aromatic oligoamides are shown to form thermotropic lamellar columnar, rectangular columnar, and discotic nematic mesophases according to structural variation, demonstrating their capability to serve as a new class of diverse mesogens of liquid crystals.

Synthesis of crescent aromatic oligoamides with preorganized chelating groups and their extraction towards transition metal ions.

Three crescent aromatic oligoamides 1-3 with their backbones rigidified by intramolecular hydrogen bonds were designed and synthesized. The liquid-liquid extraction by these compounds has been investigated using UV-vis spectrometry towards Pb(2+) picrate and some transition metal picrates including Ag(+), Hg(2+), Cd(2+), Zn(2+), Cu(2+), Co(2+), Ni(2+) salts. The results revealed higher selectivity and efficiency towards Hg(2+) over other metal cations; pentameric ligand 1 with six oxygen donor atoms provided the highest extractability of 83.

Strong aggregation and directional assembly of aromatic oligoamide macrocycles.

Aromatic oligoamide macrocycles exhibit strong preference for highly directional association. Aggregation happens in both nonpolar and polar solvents but is weakened as solvent polarity increases. The strong, directional assembly is rationalized by the cooperative action of dipole-dipole and π-π stacking interactions, leading to long nanotubular assemblies that are confirmed by SEM, TEM, AFM, and XRD.

Efficient kinetic macrocyclization.

In this article, the highly efficient formation of a series of recently discovered aromatic oligoamide macrocycles consisting of six meta-linked residues is first discussed. The macrocycles, with their backbones rigidified by three-center hydrogen bonds, were found to form in high yields that deviate dramatically from the theoretically allowed value obtained from kinetic simulation of a typical kinetically controlled macrocyclization reaction. The folding of the uncyclized six-residue oligomeric precursors, which belong to a class of backbone-rigidified oligoamides that have been demonstrated by us to adopt well-defined crescent conformations, plays a critical role in the observed high efficiency.