Drug delivery systems loaded with plant-derived natural products for dental caries prevention and treatment.

Dental caries, driven by dysbiosis in oral flora and acid accumulation, pose a significant threat to oral health. Traditional methods of managing dental biofilms using broad-spectrum antimicrobials and fluoride face limitations such as microbial resistance. Natural products, with their antimicrobial properties, present a promising solution for managing dental caries, yet their clinical application faces significant challenges, including low bioavailability, variable efficacy, and patient resistance due to sensory properties.

Characterization of a phage 4FS1 and its depolymerase.

The significant economic losses caused by in donkey husbandry have increased interest in exploring the potential of phages and their enzymes as control strategies. In this study, a phage, designated 4FS1, was isolated from sewage at a donkey farm. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) revealed a typical icosahedral head and a long, non-contractile tail.

The influence of parents' oral health literacy and behavior on oral health of preschool children aged 3-6 years- evidence from China.

Background: Direct and indirect associations have been identified among health literacy, health behavior, and health status. Thus, we aimed to investigate the influence of oral health literacy and behaviors in parents on their children's oral health status. Moreover, we aimed to analyze the mentioned mediating effects through oral health behavior management.

Depression-induced changes in directed functional brain networks: A source-space resting-state EEG study.

Current research confirms abnormalities in resting-state electroencephalogram (EEG) power and functional connectivity (FC) patterns in specific brain regions of individuals with depression. To study changes in the flow of information between cortical regions of the brain in patients with depression, we used 64-channel EEG to record neural oscillatory activity in 68 relevant cortical regions in 22 depressed patients and 22 healthy adolescents using source-space EEG. The direction and strength of information flow between brain regions was investigated using directional phase transfer entropy (PTE).

Characterizing the gut microbiome of diarrheal mink under farmed conditions: A metagenomic analysis.

This study aimed to comprehensively characterize the gut microbiota in diarrheal mink. We conducted Shotgun metagenomic sequencing on samples from five groups of diarrheal mink and five groups of healthy mink. The microbiota α-diversity and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) orthology did not show significant differences between the groups.

The near and far transfer effects of computerized working memory training in typically developing preschool children: Evidence from event-related potentials.

Working memory (WM) refers to the ability to actively maintain and process information needed to complete complex tasks such as comprehension, learning, and reasoning. Recent studies have examined the efficacy of computerized working memory training (WMT) in improving cognitive functions in general and WM in particular, with mixed results. Thus, to what extent can WMT produce near and far transfer effects to cognitive function is currently unclear.

Chemical signaling in biofilm-mediated biofouling.

Biofouling is the undesirable accumulation of living organisms and their metabolites on submerged surfaces. Biofouling begins with adhesion of biomacromolecules and/or microorganisms and can lead to the subsequent formation of biofilms that are predominantly regulated by chemical signals, such as cyclic dinucleotides and quorum-sensing molecules. Biofilms typically release chemical cues that recruit or repel other invertebrate larvae and algal spores.

A Novel Brain Network Analysis Method for Pediatric ADHD Using RFE-GA Feature Selection Strategy.

Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is a highly prevalent childhood disorder, and related research has been increasing in recent years. However, it remains a challenging issue to accurately identify individuals with ADHD. The research proposes a method for ADHD detection using Recursive Feature Elimination-Genetic Algorithm (RFE-GA) for the feature selection of EEG data.

Dental caries and salivary alterations in patients with type 2 diabetes: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Introduction: The association between dental caries, salivary alterations, and type 2 diabetes (T2D) is inconclusive. This systematic review evaluated the caries status and salivary alterations in adults with T2D.

Data: Observational studies (cross-sectional, case-control, or cohort studies) that evaluated the association between type 2 diabetes and dental caries and/or salivary changes were included.

FYN-mediated phosphorylation of BCKDK at Y151 promotes GBM proliferation by increasing the oncogenic metabolite N-acetyl-L-alanine.

Branched chain α-keto acid dehydrogenase kinase (BCKDK) is a key enzyme involved in the metabolism of branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs). Its potential as a therapeutic target and prognostic factor for a variety of cancers has been widely reported. In this study, we investigated the expression of BCKDK in clinical glioma samples and found that BCKDK was significantly overexpressed in glioblastoma (GBM) and was associated with its poor prognosis.

The damage and remineralization strategies of dental hard tissues following radiotherapy.

Objectives: This study pursued two main purposes. The first aim was to expound on the microscopic factors of radiation-related caries (RRC). Further, it aimed to compare the remineralization effect of different remineralizing agents on demineralized teeth after radiotherapy.

Intermittent Fasting Targets Osteocyte Neuropeptide Y to Relieve Osteoarthritis.

Osteoarthritis is a highly prevalent progressive joint disease that still requires an optimal therapeutic approach. Intermittent fasting is an attractive dieting strategy for improving health. Here this study shows that intermittent fasting potently relieves medial meniscus (DMM)- or natural aging-induced osteoarthritic phenotypes.

Transporter-mediated drug-drug interactions: regulatory guidelines, and methodologies and translation, special populations, and the blood-brain barrier.

This review, part of a special issue on drug-drug interactions (DDIs) spearheaded by the International Society for the Study of Xenobiotics (ISSX) New Investigators, explores the critical role of drug transporters in absorption, disposition, and clearance in the context of DDIs. Over the past two decades, significant advances have been made in understanding the clinical relevance of these transporters. Current knowledge on key uptake and efflux transporters that affect drug disposition and development is summarized.

Identification and candidate analysis of a new brown planthopper resistance locus in an Indian landrace of rice, paedai kalibungga.

Unlabelled: The brown planthopper ( Stål, BPH) is the most destructive pest of rice ( L.). Utilizing resistant rice cultivars that harbor resistance gene/s is an effective strategy for integrated pest management.

Reactive Oxygen Species-Responsive Delivery of a Notch Inhibitor to Alleviate Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis by Inhibiting Hepatic Lipogenesis and Inflammation.

With the increased prevalence of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) in the world, effective pharmacotherapy in clinical practice is still lacking. Previous studies have shown that dibenzazepine (DBZ), a Notch inhibitor, could alleviate NASH development in a mouse model. However, low bioavailability, poor water solubility, and extrahepatic side effects restrict its clinical application.

2-APQC, a small-molecule activator of Sirtuin-3 (SIRT3), alleviates myocardial hypertrophy and fibrosis by regulating mitochondrial homeostasis.

Sirtuin 3 (SIRT3) is well known as a conserved nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD)-dependent deacetylase located in the mitochondria that may regulate oxidative stress, catabolism and ATP production. Accumulating evidence has recently revealed that SIRT3 plays its critical roles in cardiac fibrosis, myocardial fibrosis and even heart failure (HF), through its deacetylation modifications. Accordingly, discovery of SIRT3 activators and elucidating their underlying mechanisms of HF should be urgently needed.

Exploring publications in 3 major orthodontic journals: A comparative bibliometric analysis of two 10-year periods (2002-2011 and 2012-2021).

Introduction: This study aimed to perform a bibliometric analysis examining contributing countries and collaborative networks, authors and collaborative relationships, the performance of the institutions, and cocited journals and references in 3 major orthodontic journals (American Journal of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, European Journal of Orthodontics, and Angle Orthodontist) over two 10-year periods (2002-2011 and 2012-2021).

Methods: In this study, 4432 publications in the first decade and 4012 publications in the second decade were quantitatively analyzed and visualized using visualization software such as VOSviewer (Leiden University, Leiden, Netherlands), CiteSpace (Drexel University, Philadelphia, Pa), and Scimago Graphica (SCImago Lab, Spain).

Results: Institutions in the United States had the highest number of publications through the 2 decades, whereas Brazil, South Korea, and China achieved significant improvements in performance in the second decade compared with the first.

Cross-talk between BCKDK-mediated phosphorylation and STUB1-dependent ubiquitination degradation of BCAT1 promotes GBM progression.

Branched-chain amino acid transferase 1 (BCAT1) is highly expressed in multiple cancers and is associated with poor prognosis, particularly in glioblastoma (GBM). However, the post-translational modification (PTM) mechanism of BCAT1 is unknown. Here, we investigated the cross-talk mechanisms between phosphorylation and ubiquitination modifications in regulating BCAT1 activity and stability.

Relationships between professional identity, motivation, and innovative ability among nursing intern students: A cross-sectional study.

Objective: To explore the relationships among motivation, professional identity, and innovative ability of nursing intern students.

Background: Professional identity and innovative ability are important for nursing students' core competitiveness and care quality. During the internship, nursing students integrate theoretical knowledge and practice, and have a rapid growth.

Characterization of structural and functional properties of soybean 11S globulin during renaturation after denaturation induced by changes in pH.

Background: This study explored the denaturation of 11S globulin, a protein known for its diverse functional properties in soy protein applications, at pH 3.0 and pH 10.0, followed by a gradual return to pH 7.