[The technology of induction of physiological ketosis in asthenia of various origins and decreased resistance to cognitive and physical activity].

Objective: To assess the possibility of achieving physiological ketosis with oral administration of beta-hydroxybutyrate salts and, if ketosis is achieved, to assess its effect on cognitive functioning in patients with brain dysfunction during the recovery period after a somatic disease.

Material And Methods: The study included 86 patients with complaints of asthenic manifestations (ICD-10 diagnoses F06; F07; R53). Half of the patients were included in the study group taking beta-hydroxybutyrate salts, and the other half were included in the control group taking placebo.

Studying the influence of TaGW8 and TaGS5-3A genes on the yield of soft spring wheat in arid climate conditions of the Republic of Kazakhstan.

Drought is a primary ecological stress limiting wheat yield in water-deficient regions. Conducting targeted genetic selection of wheat cultivars can expedite the adaptation process of wheat to the climatic conditions of the region, allowing for the identification of high-yielding varieties with stable genetic traits. This study investigated the impact of the TaGW8 and TaGS3A genes, known for their contribution to wheat productivity.

Effect of a novel dwarfing mutant site on chromosome 4B on agronomic traits in common wheat.

The introduction of dwarfing genes triggered a wave of "green revolution". A number of wheats dwarfing genes have been reported in previous studies, and only a small fraction of these have been applied to production practices. Therefore, the development of novel dwarfing genes for wheat is of great value.

[The expert questions in practice of rheumatologist].

The rheumatic diseases are a source of serious medical, psychological, social problems both for individual and society. This pathology is characterized by: wide prevalence, often early onset, continuously progressive course. All this is resulted in at first regular episodes of temporary disability and later to disability.

Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors-Related Myocarditis: A Review of Reported Clinical Cases.

Myocarditis associated with the use of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) is a rare manifestation of their cardiotoxicity, but is characterized by a high mortality rate. A literature search was conducted using PubMed using keywords, which resulted in the selection of 679 scientific works, from which 160 articles that described 244 clinical cases were selected. The median age of the patients was 67 years (IQR, 60-74).

Modified "Allele-Specific qPCR" Method for SNP Genotyping Based on FRET.

The proposed method is a modified and improved version of the existing "Allele-specific q-PCR" (ASQ) method for genotyping of single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) based on fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET). This method is similar to frequently used techniques like Amplifluor and Kompetitive allele specific PCR (KASP), as well as others employing common universal probes (UPs) for SNP analyses. In the proposed ASQ method, the fluorophores and quencher are located in separate complementary oligonucleotides.

and , Partner Genes of a Transcription Repressor, Coordinate Plant Development and Drought Tolerance in Spelt and Bread Wheat.

Down-regulator associated protein, DrAp1, acts as a negative cofactor (NC2α) in a transcription repressor complex together with another subunit, down-regulator Dr1 (NC2β). In binding to promotors and regulating the initiation of transcription of various genes, plays a key role in plant transition to flowering and ultimately in seed production. and genes were identified, and their expression and genetic polymorphism were studied using bioinformatics, qPCR analyses, a 40K Single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) microarray, and Amplifluor-like SNP genotyping in cultivars of bread wheat ( L.

The General Transcription Repressor Is Co-expressed With and in Bread Wheat Under Drought.

The general transcription repressor, gene, was identified during screening of a wheat SNP database using the Amplifluor-like SNP marker KATU-W62. Together with two genes described earlier, and , they represent a set of three homeologous genes in the wheat genome. Under drought, the total expression profiles of all three genes varied between different bread wheat cultivars.

Genes Encoding Transcription Factors TaDREB5 and TaNFYC-A7 Are Differentially Expressed in Leaves of Bread Wheat in Response to Drought, Dehydration and ABA.

Two groups of six spring bread wheat varieties with either high or low grain yield under the dry conditions of Central and Northern Kazakhstan were selected for analysis. Experiments were set up with the selected wheat varieties in controlled environments as follows: (1) slowly progressing drought imposed on plants in soil, (2) rapid dehydration of whole plants grown in hydroponics, (3) dehydration of detached leaves, and (4) ABA treatment of whole plants grown in hydroponics. Representatives of two different families of transcription factors (TFs), and , were found to be linked to yield-under-drought using polymorphic Amplifluor-like SNP marker assays.

Advantages of Amplifluor-like SNP markers over KASP in plant genotyping.

Background: KASP (KBioscience Competitive Allele Specific PCR) and Amplifluor (Amplification with fluorescence) SNP markers are two prominent technologies based upon a shared identical Allele-specific PCR platform.

Methods: Amplifluor-like SNP and KASP analysis was carried out using published and own design of Universal probes (UPs) and Gene-specific primers (GSPs).

Results: Advantages of the Amplifluor-like system over KASP include the significantly lower costs and much greater flexibility in the adjustment and development of 'self-designed' dual fluorescently-labelled UPs and regular GSPs.

Early Flowering as a Drought Escape Mechanism in Plants: How Can It Aid Wheat Production?

Drought escape (DE) is a classical adaptive mechanism which involves rapid plant development to enable the completion of the full life-cycle prior to a coming drought event. This strategy is widely used in populations of native plants, and is also applicable to cereal crops such as wheat. Early flowering time and a shorter vegetative phase can be very important for wheat production in conditions of terminal drought since this can minimize exposure to dehydration during the sensitive flowering and post-anthesis grain filling periods.

A fight for life and dignity: A case of massive traumatic brain injury and the paths for treatment and neurorehabilitation.

We present a clinical case of treatment and neurorehabilitation of a patient with severe neurological deficit due to extensive traumatic lesion of the left hemisphere of the brain. Until recently, such cases were considered incurable and remained marginalized throughout their lives. This clinical case illustrates the compensatory brain possibilities under long-term integrated multidisciplinary treatment and neurorehabilitation with mandatory application of medical, medico-psychological, medico-pedagogical, and medico-social methods, the importance and intensity of which vary at different stages of the disease.

[An assessment of cerebrolysin effect on BDNF level in patients with post stroke aphasia depending on carbohydrate metabolism disorders].

Aim: We carried out an open randomized controlled study to explore the changes in the rate of speech recovery and BDNF concentrations in patients with left-hemisphere stroke and carbohydrate metabolism disorders (diabetes mellitus type2 or prediabetes) who received cerebrolysin.

Material And Methods: A study included 60 inpatients of the Center of Speech Pathology and Neurorehabilitation. Neuropsychological examination was performed at baseline and after the treatment was completed.

[Development of main disturbances of hemostasis in patients with obesity].

According to current views obesity especially with increased amount of visceral fat is characterized by prothrombogenic changes of hemostasis and fibrinolysis. This combined with insulin resistance, compensatory hyperinsulinemia, disturbances of carbohydrate metabolism, atherogenic dyslipidemia and hypertension substantially increases risk of origination and progression of cardiovascular diseases. Results of our study demonstrate high prevalence of various prothrombogenic abnormalities in coagulation and anticoagulation systems in patients with visceral obesity and metabolic syndrome (MS).

[Selenium provision in heart failure of different aetiology].

Determination of selenium status of patients with chronic heart failure of various etiologies showed reduced provision of selenium compared with the control group. Statistically significant increased serum levels of selenium have occurred on average 35,9% after the correction. Intake of sea cabbage jam led to a significant increase in the level of selenium in serum only at patients with deficiency of this trace constituent.

Novel components of an active mitochondrial K(+)/H(+) exchange.

Defects of the mitochondrial K(+)/H(+) exchanger (KHE) result in increased matrix K(+) content, swelling, and autophagic decay of the organelle. We have previously identified the yeast Mdm38 and its human homologue LETM1, the candidate gene for seizures in Wolf-Hirschhorn syndrome, as essential components of the KHE. In a genome-wide screen for multicopy suppressors of the pet(-) (reduced growth on nonfermentable substrate) phenotype of mdm38Delta mutants, we now characterized the mitochondrial carriers PIC2 and MRS3 as moderate suppressors and MRS7 and YDL183c as strong suppressors.

Conditional knockdown of hMRS2 results in loss of mitochondrial Mg(2+) uptake and cell death.

The human gene MRS2L encodes a mitochondrial protein distantly related to CorA Mg(2+) transport proteins. Constitutive shRNA-mediated knockdown of hMRS2 in human HEK-293 cell line was found here to cause death. To further study its role in Mg(2+) transport, we have established stable cell lines with conditionally expressing shRNAs directed against hMRS2L.

[Ultrasonic tomography of neurogenic tumors of the orbit].

The results of a comprehensive ultrasonic examination of 12 patients with tumors of the eye orbit are described. A low echogenicity as well as heterogeneity of the echo-structure and of the contours' sharpness are the main sonographic features of the mentioned tumors. An examination of a vascularization degree in patients with gliomas of the optic nerve showed no blood circulation inside tumors; while a collateral blood circulation was detected in patients with meningiomas of the optic nerve.

[Fluorinated pyrimidines in oral treatment of advanced colorectal cancer].

Background: For several years, fluorinated pyrimidines have been used in the treatment of advanced colorectal cancer, mainly in the form of intravenous injections of 5-fluorouracil (5-FU), alone or in combination with leucovorin. Oral treatment with 5-FU has been difficult because of high toxicity and low bioavailability.

Material, Methods And Results: Increased knowledge of the metabolism of 5-FU, reviewed in this article, has led to the development of a number of new oral drugs for the treatment of advanced colorectal cancer.

[New drugs in the treatment of advanced colorectal cancer].

Background: Colorectal cancer is one of the leading cancers in industrialised countries in terms of incidence and mortality. Advanced colorectal cancer has traditionally been treated with 5-fluorouracil, alone or in combination with leucovorin. This treatment has shown response rates of 10-25%; however, little effect has been observed on survival.