AdeABC, AdeFGH, and AdeIJK efflux pumps as key factors in tigecycline resistance of Acinetobacter baumannii: a study from Western Balkan hospitals.

Purpose: The present study investigated the role of resistance-nodulation-cell division (RND) efflux pumps in tigecycline resistance of Acinetobacter baumannii clinical isolates recovered from three Western Balkan countries (Serbia, Bosnia and Herzegovina and Montenegro).

Methods: A total of 37 A. baumannii isolates recovered from seven tertiary care hospitals in 2016 and 2022 were tested against tigecycline using broth microdilution method.

A Longitudinal Study of Clinical Isolates from the Tracheal Aspirates of a Paediatric Patient-Strain Type Similar to Pandemic ST131.

is a Gram-negative bacterium and part of the intestinal microbiota. However, it can cause various diarrhoeal illnesses, i.e.

A novel thermostable YtnP lactonase from Stenotrophomonas maltophilia inhibits Pseudomonas aeruginosa virulence in vitro and in vivo.

Infections caused by multidrug-resistant pathogens are one of the biggest challenges facing the healthcare system today. Quorum quenching (QQ) enzymes have the potential to be used as innovative enzyme-based antivirulence therapeutics to combat infections caused by multidrug-resistant pathogens. The main objective of this research was to describe the novel YtnP lactonase derived from the clinical isolate Stenotrophomonas maltophilia and to investigate its antivirulence potential against multidrug-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa MMA83.

Serotype distribution, antimicrobial susceptibility and molecular epidemiology of invasive in the nine-year period in Serbia.

is one of the leading bacterial pathogens that can cause severe invasive diseases. The aim of the study was to characterize invasive isolates of obtained during the nine-year period in Serbia before the introduction of the pneumococcal conjugate vaccines (PCVs) into routine vaccination programs by determining: serotype distribution, the prevalence and genetic basis of antimicrobial resistance, and genetic relatedness of the circulating pneumococcal clones. A total of 490 invasive isolates were included in this study.

Comparative genomics of trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole-resistant Achromobacter xylosoxidans clinical isolates from Serbia reveals shortened variant of class 1 integron integrase gene.

Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (SXT) is the preferable treatment option of the infections caused by Achromobacter spp. Our study aimed to analyze the SXT resistance of 98 Achromobacter spp. isolates from pediatric patients, among which 33 isolates were SXT-resistant.

B7 homologue 3 as a prognostic biomarker and potential therapeutic target in gastrointestinal tumors.

The most common digestive system (DS) cancers, including tumors of the gastrointestinal tract (GIT) such as colorectal cancer (CRC), gastric cancer (GC) and esophageal cancer (EC) as well as tumors of DS accessory organs such as pancreatic and liver cancer, are responsible for more than one-third of all cancer-related deaths worldwide, despite the progress that has been achieved in anticancer therapy. Due to these limitations in treatment strategies, oncological research has taken outstanding steps towards a better understanding of cancer cell biological complexity and heterogeneity. These studies led to new molecular target-driven therapeutic approaches.

Burkholderia cepacia YtnP and Y2-aiiA lactonases inhibit virulence of Pseudomonas aeruginosa via quorum quenching activity.

Burkholderia cepacia is well known as the causative agent of infections in humans where often shares niche with other pathogens, like Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Clinical isolate Burkholderia sp. BCC4135 was selected due to its strong quorum quenching (QQ) activity.

Abiotrophia defectiva liver abscess in a teenage boy after a supposedly mild blunt abdominal trauma: a case report.

Background: A pyogenic liver abscess (PLA) represents a pus-filled cavity within the liver parenchyma caused by the invasion and multiplication of bacteria. The most common offender isolated from the PLA in children is Staphylococcus aureus. Abiotrophia defectiva is a Gram-positive pleomorphic bacterium, commonly found in the oral cavity, intestinal, and genitourinary mucosa as part of the normal microbiota.

Fluoroquinolone-resistant Achromobacter xylosoxidans clinical isolates from Serbia: high prevalence of the aac-(6')-Ib-cr gene among resistant isolates.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the contribution of plasmid-mediated genes and efflux to fluoroquinolone resistance in collection of Achromobacter spp. gathered during a 3-year period. Susceptibility to ciprofloxacin and levofloxacin was tested by disk diffusion and microdilution tests for a collection of 98 Achromobacter spp.

Temperature, pH and Trimethoprim-Sulfamethoxazole Are Potent Inhibitors of Biofilm Formation by Stenotrophomonas maltophilia Clinical Isolates.

Stenotrophomonas maltophilia, an opportunistic pathogen usually connected with healthcare-associated infections, is an environmental bacterium. Intrinsic resistance to multiple antibiotics, with different virulence determinants in the last decade classified this bacterium in the group of global multiple drug resistant (MDR) organism. S.

Candida bloodstream infections in Serbia: First multicentre report of a national prospective observational survey in intensive care units.

Candida bloodstream infections (BSI) are a significant cause of mortality in intensive care units (ICU), hereof the prospective 12-months (2014-2015) hospital- and laboratory-based survey was performed at the Serbian National Reference Medical Mycology Laboratory (NRMML). Candida identification was done by a matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionisation time-of-flight mass spectrometry and a susceptibility test, according to the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute methodology. Among nine centres (265 beds; 10 820 patient admissions), four neonatal/paediatric (NICU/PICUs) and five adult centres (ICUs) participated, representing 89 beds and 3446 patient admissions, 166 beds and 7347 patient admissions respectively.

Uncovering Differences in Virulence Markers Associated with Achromobacter Species of CF and Non-CF Origin.

spp. are recognized as emerging pathogens in hospitalized as well as in cystic fibrosis (CF) patients. From 2012 to 2015, we collected 69 clinical isolates (41 patient) of spp.

Virulence traits associated with ST856 epidemic strain isolated from cystic fibrosis patients.

Background: is considered one of the most problematic cystic fibrosis (CF) pathogens. Colonization prevalence in the Serbian CF population is high and virtually exclusively limited to a single highly transmissible clone of ST856 which is positive for both the epidemic strain marker (BCESM) and cable pilin, and is closely related to the epidemic strain CZ1 (ST32).

Methods: Biofilm formation for 182 isolates, and adhesion to components of the host extracellular matrix, proteolytic activity, mucoidy and motility of selected ST856 representatives, as well as ST858 and ST859, and ST857, novel STs isolated from Serbian CF patients, were investigated in this study.

Molecular Epidemiology of Colistin-Resistant, Carbapenemase-Producing Klebsiella pneumoniae in Serbia from 2013 to 2016.

Twenty-seven colistin-resistant, carbapenemase-producing isolates were identified from hospitals in Serbia. All isolates were positive; ST101, ST888, ST437, ST336, and ST307 were positive; and ST340 was positive. ST307 had an insertion, and ST336 had a premature stop codon in the gene.

Genotypic and Phenotypic Characterization of Stenotrophomonas maltophilia Strains from a Pediatric Tertiary Care Hospital in Serbia.

Background: Stenotrophomonas maltophilia is an environmental bacterium and an opportunistic pathogen usually associated with healthcare-associated infections, which has recently been recognized as a globally multi-drug resistant organism. The aim of this study was genotyping and physiological characterization of Stenotrophomonas maltophilia isolated in a large, tertiary care pediatric hospital in Belgrade, Serbia, hosting the national reference cystic fibrosis (CF) center for pediatric and adult patients.

Methods: We characterized 42 strains of cystic fibrosis (CF) and 46 strains of non-cystic fibrosis (non-CF) origin isolated from 2013 to 2015 in order to investigate their genetic relatedness and phenotypic traits.

Novel E. coli ST5123 Containing bla Carried by IncF Plasmid Isolated from a Pediatric Patient in Serbia.

New Delhi metallo-β-lactamase (NDM) is a serious challenge to the treatment of infections and public health. Serbia has been designated as an endemic region for isolates carrying the bla gene, as well as one of several commonly proposed countries of origin. This is the first report of NDM-1-positive Escherichia coli from Serbia.

Chronic necrotizing pulmonary aspergillosis in an immunocompetent, obese 10-year-old boy.

Chronic necrotizing pulmonary aspergillosis is a rare form of pulmonary aspergillosis. It is usually seen in middle-aged or elderly patients with underlying chronic lung disease or mild immunodeficiency, and has been only rarely encountered in children. Clinical presentation is variable and usually involves constitutional symptoms of several months' duration as well as respiratory symptoms.

Carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii from Serbia: revision of CarO classification.

Carbapenem-resistant A. baumannii present a significant therapeutic challenge for the treatment of nosocomial infections in many European countries. Although it is known that the gradient of A.

Atypical strain of Toxoplasma gondii causing fatal reactivation after hematopoietic stem cell transplantion in a patient with an underlying immunological deficiency.

In immunocompromized patients, including hematopoietic stem cell transplant (HSCT) recipients, life-threatening toxoplasmosis may result from reactivation of previous infection. We report a case of severe disseminated toxoplasmosis that developed early after allogeneic HSCT for T-cell lymphoblastic leukemia/lymphoma in a 15-year-old Toxoplasma gondii-seropositive boy with Nijmegen breakage syndrome, a rare genetic DNA repair disorder associated with immunodeficiency. The donor was the patient's HLA-identical brother.

Clinical characteristics of respiratory syncytial virus infection in neonates and young infants.

Introduction/aim: Infection with respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) occurs during the first year of life in 50% of children and 20%-40% of them have signs of lower respiratory tract infection (bronchiolitis or pneumonia). There is an increased risk for complicated course and death from RSV infection in premature infants, especially those with bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) or congenital heart disease. The aim of our study was to analyze clinical characteristics of laboratory confirmed RSV infection in order to evaluate the need for preventive measures in neonates and young infants.

Neonatal cellulitis and sepsis caused by group A streptococcus.

We report a case of late onset neonatal invasive group A streptococcal disease characterized with rapidly progressing cellulitis and development of sepsis. The infection was acquired from benign and mild skin infection of the child's mother. The causative agent was group A streptococcus, belonging to the emm type 53.

Cystic echinococcosis in children - the seventeen-year experience of two large medical centers in Serbia.

Cystic echinococcosis (CE) is a public health problem in countries having such endemic areas. Epidemiological studies of CE, especially pediatric, are rare. The aim of this study was to evaluate epidemiological and clinical characteristics of CE in children in Serbia.

[Suppurative middle ear infection as a complication after tympanostomy tube placement].

Introduction: Suppurative otitis media after tympanostomy tube placement is the most frequent complication of this surgical intervention. Otorrhea that occurs in the first two weeks following tube placement is called early, late otorrhea occurs at least two weeks following placement. Early otorrhea is usually a result of either an infection that already existed when the tube was placed, or contamination of the external auditory canal during operation.