Novel neurodigital interface reduces motion sickness in virtual reality.

Virtual reality (VR) is a computer-created 3D environment with a focus on realistic scenes and pictures created for entertainment, medical and/or educational and training purposes. One of the major side effects of VR immersion reported in the scientific literature, media and social media is Visually Induced Motion Sickness (VIMS), with clinical symptoms such as disorientation, nausea, and oculomotor discomfort. VIMS is mostly caused by the discrepancy between the visual and vestibular systems and can lead to dizziness, nausea, and disorientation.

THE REGULATION ROLE OF CAROTID BODY PERIPHERAL CHEMORECEPTORS IN PHYSIOLOGICAL AND PATHOPHYSIOLOGICAL CONDITIONS.

Introduction: The major oxygen sensors in the human body are peripheral chemoreceptors. also known as interoreceptors- as connected with internal organs, located in the aortic arch and in the body of the common carotid artery. Chemoreceptor function under physiological conditions.

Disturbance of oxidative balance in the first trimester of spontaneous abortions.

Background/aim: Pregnancy is defined as a condition of increased oxidative stress. The aim of this research was to determine the intensity of pro-oxidative processes and the content of GSH, as well as antioxidative enzymes: superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), gluthatione peroxidase (GSH-Px), and the total antioxidative status (TAS) in patients with spontaneous abortions.

Methods: A total of 120 patients were involved in the research (70 spontaneous abortions and 50 healthy pregnancies).

Very late stent thrombosis of bare-metal coronary stent nine years after primary percutaneous coronary intervention.

Introduction: Stent thrombosis (ST) in clinical practice can be classified according to time of onset as early (0–30 days after stent implantation), which is further divided into acute (< 24 hours) and subacute (1–30 days), late (> 30 days) and very late (> 12 months). Myocardial reinfaction due to very late ST in a patient receiving antithrombotic therapy is very rare, and potentially fatal. The procedure alone and related mechanical factors seem to be associated with acute/subacute ST.

Stent dislodgement in the distal left main coronary artery and its successful management with balloon crushing technique.

Introduction: Stent entrapment and dislodgement in the coronary arteries is a rare but potentially fatal complication of percutaneous coronary intervention. Different retrival techniques of dislodged stents have previously been reported with high success rate but all of them are time-consuming, so as not quite useful in hemodinamically unstable patient.

Case Report: A 59-year old female patient with acute ST-elevation myocardial infaction of anterior wall was admitted for primary percutanous coronary intervention.

History of sports medicine in East European countries.

The purpose of this article is to provide a historical background of medicine, science and sports with the focus on the development of modern sports medicine in European countries, with an accent on Eastern European countries that have a long sports medicine tradition. The development of modern sports medicine began at the end of 19th and the beginning of 20th century, and it has been associated with social and cultural changes in the world of medicine, science and sports. Advanced medical knowledge, skills and practices, and the progress of scientific achievements enabled sports people to improve their performance level.

The importance of sleep apnea index determination using 24 h ECG analysis in patients with heart rhythm disorders.

Background/aim: A possible cause of malignant heart rhythm disorders is the syndrome of sleep apnea (periodic cessation of breathing during sleep longer than 10 seconds). Recent 24 h ECG software systems have the option of determination ECG apnea index (AI) based on the change in voltage of QRS complexes. The aim of the study was to determine the significance of AI evaluation in routine 24-hour Holter ECG on a group of 12 patients.

The influence of bacterial vaginosis on gestational week of the completion of delivery and biochemical markers of inflammation in the serum.

Background/aim: Preterm delivery is one of the most common complications in pregnancy, and it is the major cause (75-80%) of all neonatal deaths. Bacterial vaginosis predisposes to an increased risk of preterm delivery, premature rupture of membrane and miscarriage. In this syndrome normal vaginal lactobacilli, which produce protective H2O2, are reduced and replaced with anaerobic, gram-negative bacteria and others.

Reduced sirolimus systemic exposure and improved bioresorbable polymer properties: new allies for the treatment of patients with coronary artery disease.

This prospective, first-in-man, open-label multicenter study sought to assess the pharmacokinetics of sirolimus after Ultimaster drug-eluting stent implantation (coated with sirolimus and bioabsorbable co-polymer) in patients with de novo coronary artery disease (the TCD-10023 PK study). The primary endpoint was sirolimus concentration in peripheral whole blood at 28 days after stent implantation. In addition, safety, tolerability, therapeutic outcome and vasomotor response after stent implantation were studied.

[Cardiovascular diseases during pregnancy and delivery].

Introduction: Nowadays, cardiovascular diseases are the leading cause of maternal morbidity and mortality in the current obstetric practice. PHYSIOLOGICALLY ADAPTED MECHANISMS OF THE CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM IN PREGNANCY: It is normal that during pregnancy some physiological adaptive changes of the cardiovascular system occur and they may contribute to the deterioration of the clinical cardiac status of a patient with preexisting or acquired cardiovascular disease. The most prominent adaptive mechanisms include the increase of circulating blood volume, decrease of peripheral vascular resistance and decrease of plasma colloid-oncotic pressure.

Forearm approach for percutaneous coronary procedures.

This article gives contemporary review on the forearm approach for percutaneous diagnostic and interventional coronary procedures. Advantages and disadvantages as well as practical issues and current controversies regarding both radial and ulnar artery approach are discussed throughout the paper. Having in mind advantages of forearm approach in terms of safety and comfort over the traditional femoral approach, as well as the rapid development of invasive technology in the past years, it will probably become the default vascular approach for all percutaneous coronary procedures in the near future.

Rapidly vanishing lung pseudotumor in a patient with acute bilateral bronchopneumonia.

Introduction: Rapidly vanishing lung pseudotumor (phantom tumor) refers to the transient well-demarcated accumulation of pleural fluid in the interlobar pulmonary fissures. Most frequently their appearance is associated with congestive heart failure, but also other disorders like hypoalbuminemia, renal insufficiency or pleuritis. Its rapid disappearance in response to the treatment of the underlying disorder is a classical feature of this clinical entity.

United in prevention-electrocardiographic screening for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.

Conflict Of Interest: NONE DECLARED.

Introduction: P-wave abnormalities on the resting electrocardiogram have been associated with cardiovascular or pulmonary disease. So far, "Gothic" P wave and verticalization of the frontal plane axis is related to lung disease, particularly obstructive lung disease.

[Coronary angiography through ipsilateral ulnar approach in a patient with small-diameter radial artery].

Introduction: Coronary procedures cannot be completed in 5-15% of cases through initially used radial artery approach due to frequent radial artery anomalies and vasospasm. In these cases, the ulnar artery approach could be the safe and effective alternative wrist approach.

Case Report: A 60-year-old patient with stable angina pectoris, hypertension, dyslipidaemia and positive endurance test was admitted to our hospital for coronary angiography.

[Electrocardiographic specificities in athletes].

Introduction: The use of electrocardiogram in athletes as a routine screening method for diagnosing potentially dangerous cardiovascular diseases is still an issue of debate. According to the guidelines of the European Society of Cardiology, the recording of electrocardiogram is necessary in all athletes as a screening method, whereas the guidelines of the American Heart Association do not necessitate an electrocardiogram as a screening method and they insist on detailed personal and family history and clinical examination. CLASSIFICATION OF ELECTROCARDIOGRAM CHANGES IN ATHLETES: According to the classification of the European Society of Cardiology, electrocardiogram changes in athletes are divided into two groups: a) usual (physiological) that are connected with training; b) unusual (potentially clinically relevant) that are not connected with training.

Analysis of electrocardiogram in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease patients.

Introduction: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease is the fourth leading cause of mortality worldwide. It is defined as a persistent airflow limitation usually progressive and not fully reversible to treatment. The diagnosis of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and severity of disease is confirmed by spirometry.

Pulmonary aspergilloma.

Introduction: Aspergillosis is a serious pathologic condition caused by Aspergillus organisms and is frequently seen in immunocompromised patients. Aspergillus species causes a variety of pulmonary diseases such as saphrophyticus (aspergilloma/mycetoma), hypersensitivity reaction (allergic bronhopulmonary), semi- invasive (chronic necrotizing) and angioinvasive aspergillosis.

Case Report: We report a case of pulmonary aspergilloma (PA) in 38 years old patient who was previously healthy with complaints of fever and hemoptysis.

[Percutaneous coronary interventions without on-site cardiac surgical backup].

Percutaneous coronary interventions are now, three decades after the first balloon angioplasty of the coronary arteries, safe, effective, and most commonly applied method of myocardial revascularization. The first percutaneous coronary intervention without "on-site" cardiac surgery began at the beginning of the nineties of the twentieth century, thanks to the improvement of techniques and materials used for these procedures, as well as the need to make available to citizens in remote areas modern and effective therapy. However, today, after nearly twenty years of application of percutaneous coronary interventions in facilities without cardiac surgery this issue remains controversial and unresolved.

[Therapeutic approach in patients undergoing percutaneous coronary interventions].

While the performance of percutaneous coronary interventions remains the domain of interventional cardiologists, the management of these patients before, during, and after the procedure is in the domain of general cardiologists, internists and primary care physicians. Therefore, for optimal patient care it is crucial that all engaged physicians should understand the procedural risks, complications and optimal treatment strategy before, during and after the procedure. Before a percutanous coronary intervention, patients with known allergies to iodinated contrast dye should be pretreated with oral corticosteroids and H1-receptor blockers.

[Sudden cardiac death in athletes].

The entity of sudden cardiac death in young athletes has been known since the year 490 B.C. when young Greek soldier Phidipides had run the distance from Marathon to Athens and suddenly fell down dead.