Phosphorus availability influences disease-suppressive soil microbiome through plant-microbe interactions.

Background: Soil nutrient status and soil-borne diseases are pivotal factors impacting modern intensive agricultural production. The interplay among plants, soil microbiome, and nutrient regimes in agroecosystems is essential for developing effective disease management. However, the influence of nutrient availability on soil-borne disease suppression and associated plant-microbe interactions remains to be fully explored.

The occurrence of banana Fusarium wilt aggravates antibiotic resistance genes dissemination in soil.

The spread of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) and subsequent soil-borne disease outbreaks are major threats to soil health and sustainable crop production. However, the relationship between occurrences of soil-borne diseases and the transmission of soil ARGs remains unclear. Here, soil ARGs, mobile genetic elements and microbial communities from co-located disease suppressive and conducive banana orchards were deciphered using metagenomics and metatranscriptomics approaches.

Tomato bacterial wilt disease outbreaks are accompanied by an increase in soil antibiotic resistance.

The presence of soil-borne disease obstacles and antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) in soil leads to serious economic losses and health risks to humans. One area in need of attention is the evolution of ARGs as pathogenic soil gradually develops, which introduces uncertainty to the dynamic ability of conventional farming models to predict ARGs. Here, we investigated variations in tomato bacterial wilt disease accompanied by the resistome by metagenomic analysis in soils over 13 seasons of monoculture.

Moderately delayed maturation of composting promotes the reduction of guild-plant pathogenic fungi within vegetable waste.

The relationships among the relative abundance of guild-plant pathogenic fungi, compost maturation index, and microbial community variation during vegetable waste composting, which are influenced by the C/N ratio, remain poorly understood. To address this, fungal communities were analyzed in composting treatments with C/N ratios of approximately 15 (CN15) and 25 (CN25), using vegetable waste as the primary raw material. The CN15 treatment showed greater microbial community variation and a better overall compost maturation index value than the CN25 treatment.

Biodiversity of the beneficial soil-borne fungi steered by Trichoderma-amended biofertilizers stimulates plant production.

The soil microbiota is critical to plant performance. Improving the ability of plant-associated soil probiotics is thus essential for establishing dependable and sustainable crop yields. Although fertilizer applications may provide an effective way of steering soil microbes, it is still unknown how the positive effects of soil-borne probiotics can be maximized and how their effects are mediated.

Identifying the effects of cropping with different pear cultivars on microbial community composition and networks in orchard soils.

The role of plant genotype in determining the assembly of soil microorganisms is widely accepted; however, the effects of cropping with different cultivars of perennial crop plants on the composition of soil microbial communities are not fully understood. In the current study, high-throughput amplicon sequencing and real-time PCR were used to investigate the major features of bacterial community composition, ecological networks, and soil physicochemical properties in three replicate pear orchards, each planted with monocultures of pear cultivars Hosui (HS) or Sucui (SC) of similar ages. A distinct difference in the composition of microbial communities was observed between soils of HS and SC orchards.

Plant pathogen resistance is mediated by recruitment of specific rhizosphere fungi.

Beneficial interactions between plants and rhizosphere microorganisms are key determinants of plant health with the potential to enhance the sustainability of agricultural practices. However, pinpointing the mechanisms that determine plant disease protection is often difficult due to the complexity of microbial and plant-microbe interactions and their links with the plant's own defense systems. Here, we found that the resistance level of different banana varieties was correlated with the plant's ability to stimulate specific fungal taxa in the rhizosphere that are able to inhibit the Foc TR4 pathogen.

Root-Associated Antagonistic Pseudomonas spp. Contribute to Soil Suppressiveness against Banana Fusarium Wilt Disease of Banana.

Members of the microbiotas colonizing the plant endophytic compartments and the surrounding bulk and rhizosphere soil play an important role in determining plant health. However, the relative contributions of the soil and endophytic microbiomes and their mechanistic roles in achieving disease suppression remain elusive. To disentangle the relative importance of the different microbiomes in the various plant compartments in inhibiting pathogen infection, we conducted a field experiment to track changes in the composition of microbial communities in bulk and rhizosphere soil and of root endophytes and leaf endosphere collected from bananas planted on Fusarium-infested orchards in disease-suppressive and disease-conducive soils.

Additive fungal interactions drive biocontrol of Fusarium wilt disease.

Host-associated fungi can help protect plants from pathogens, and empirical evidence suggests that such microorganisms can be manipulated by introducing probiotic to increase disease suppression. However, we still generally lack the mechanistic knowledge of what determines the success of probiotic application, hampering the development of reliable disease suppression strategies. We conducted a three-season consecutive microcosm experiment in which we amended banana Fusarium wilt disease-conducive soil with Trichoderma-amended biofertilizer or lacking this inoculum.

Rhizosphere suppression hinders antibiotic resistance gene (ARG) spread under bacterial invasion.

The rhizosphere is an extremely important component of the "one health" scenario by linking the soil microbiome and plants, in which the potential enrichment of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) might ultimately flow into the human food chain. Despite the increased occurrence of soil-borne diseases, which can lead to increased use of pesticides and antibiotic-producing biocontrol agents, the understanding of the dynamics of ARG spread in the rhizosphere is largely overlooked. Here, tomato seedlings grown in soils conducive and suppressive to the pathogen were selected as a model to investigate ARG spread in the rhizosphere with and without pathogen invasion.

Partitioning the Effects of Soil Legacy and Pathogen Exposure Determining Soil Suppressiveness via Induced Systemic Resistance.

Beneficial host-associated bacteria can assist plant protection against pathogens. In particular, specific microbes are able to induce plant systemic resistance. However, it remains largely elusive which specific microbial taxa and functions trigger plant immune responses associated with disease suppression.

Shared Core Microbiome and Functionality of Key Taxa Suppressive to Banana Fusarium Wilt.

Microbial contributions to natural soil suppressiveness have been reported for a range of plant pathogens and cropping systems. To disentangle the mechanisms underlying suppression of banana Panama disease caused by f. sp.

Temporal Dynamics of Rare and Abundant Soil Bacterial Taxa from Different Fertilization Regimes Under Various Environmental Disturbances.

Global climate change has emerged as a critical environmental problem. Different types of climate extremes drive soil microbial communities to alternative states, leading to a series of consequences for soil microbial ecosystems and related functions. An effective method is urgently needed for buffering microbial communities to tackle environmental disturbances.

Soil antibiotic abatement associates with the manipulation of soil microbiome via long-term fertilizer application.

The effects of different fertilization on microbial communities and resistome in agricultural soils with a history of fresh manure application remains largely unclear. Here, soil antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs), mobile genetic elements (MGEs) and microbial communities were deciphered using metagenomics approach from a long-term field experiment with different fertilizer inputs. A total of 541 ARG subtypes were identified, with Multidrug, Macrolides-Lincosamides-Streptogramins (MLS), and Bacitracin resistance genes as the most universal ARG types.

Organic fertilization enhances the resistance and resilience of soil microbial communities under extreme drought.

Introduction: The soil bacterial microbiome plays a crucial role in ecosystem functioning. The composition and functioning of the microbiome are tightly controlled by the physicochemical surrounding. Therefore, the microbiome is responsive to management, such as fertilization, and to climate change, such as extreme drought.

Trophic interactions between predatory protists and pathogen-suppressive bacteria impact plant health.

Plant health is strongly impacted by beneficial and pathogenic plant microbes, which are themselves structured by resource inputs. Organic fertilizer inputs may thus offer a means of steering soil-borne microbes, thereby affecting plant health. Concurrently, soil microbes are subject to top-down control by predators, particularly protists.

Development of fungal-mediated soil suppressiveness against Fusarium wilt disease via plant residue manipulation.

Background: The development of suppressive soils is a promising strategy to protect plants against soil-borne diseases in a sustainable and viable manner. The use of crop rotation and the incorporation of plant residues into the soil are known to alleviate the stress imposed by soil pathogens through dynamics changes in soil biological and physicochemical properties. However, relatively little is known about the extent to which specific soil amendments of plant residues trigger the development of plant-protective microbiomes.

Soil microbiome manipulation triggers direct and possible indirect suppression against Ralstonia solanacearum and Fusarium oxysporum.

Soil microbiome manipulation can potentially reduce the use of pesticides by improving the ability of soils to resist or recover from pathogen infestation, thus generating natural suppressiveness. We simulated disturbance through soil fumigation and investigated how the subsequent application of bio-organic and organic amendments reshapes the taxonomic and functional potential of the soil microbiome to suppress the pathogens Ralstonia solanacearum and Fusarium oxysporum in tomato monocultures. The use of organic amendment alone generated smaller shifts in bacterial and fungal community composition and no suppressiveness.

[Effects of lime and ammonium carbonate fumigation coupled with bio-organic fertilizer application on banana fusarium wilt and bacterial community.].

Taking banana continuous planting soil with high banana fusarium wilt disease incidence as a test site, we examined the effect of lime and ammonium carbonate fumigation coupled with bio-organic fertilizer on the suppression of banana fusarium wilt disease and the structure and composition of bacterial community, using real-time quantitative PCR and high-throughput sequencing. The results showed that the disease incidence was reduced by 13.3% and 21.

Bio-organic fertilizers stimulate indigenous soil Pseudomonas populations to enhance plant disease suppression.

Background: Plant diseases caused by fungal pathogen result in a substantial economic impact on the global food and fruit industry. Application of organic fertilizers supplemented with biocontrol microorganisms (i.e.

Enzymatic activities triggered by the succession of microbiota steered fiber degradation and humification during co-composting of chicken manure and rice husk.

The carbon to nitrogen ratio (C/N) is well known for its importance in the composting process, however the fiber degradation and humification associated with enzymatic activity and microbial variation derived from different C/N ratios are poorly studied. Here, we designed two treatments of chicken manure with 15% (initial C/N ratio 9.61) and 50% (initial C/N ratio 17.

Deciphering Underlying Drivers of Disease Suppressiveness Against Pathogenic .

Soil-borne diseases, especially those caused by fungal pathogens, lead to profound annual yield losses. One key example for such a disease is Fusarium wilt disease in banana. In some soils, plants do not show disease symptoms, even if the disease-causing pathogens are present.

Two-step genomic sequence comparison strategy to design Trichoderma strain-specific primers for quantitative PCR.

Survival of inoculated fungal strains in a new environment plays a critical role in functional performance, but few studies have focused on strain-specific quantitative PCR (qPCR) methods for monitoring beneficial fungi. In this study, the Trichoderma guizhouense strain NJAU 4742 (transformed with the gfp gene and named gfp-NJAU 4742), which exhibits a growth-promoting effect by means of phytohormone production and pathogen antagonism, was selected as a model to design strain-specific primer pairs using two steps of genomic sequence comparison to detect its abundance in soil. After a second comparison with the closely related species T.

Genetic Diversity in Genes of f. sp. Suggests Horizontal Gene Transfer.

Fusaric acid (FA) is an important secondary metabolite of many Fusarium species and involved in the wilt symptoms caused in banana by f. sp. .

Predominance of soil vs root effect in rhizosphere microbiota reassembly.

Rhizosphere community assembly is simultaneously affected by both plants and bulk soils and is vital for plant health. However, it is still unclear how and to what extent disease-suppressive rhizosphere microbiota can be constructed from bulk soil, and the underlying agents involved in the process that render the rhizosphere suppressive against pathogenic microbes remain elusive. In this study, the evolutionary processes of the rhizosphere microbiome were explored based on transplanting plants previously growing in distinct disease-incidence soils to one disease-suppressive soil.