Stable minichromosome and functional neocentromere derived from rye 7R chromosome arm.

Background: The study of newly formed centromere with stable transmission ability can provide theoretical guidance for the construction of artificial chromosomes. More neocentromeres are needed to study the mechanisms of their formation.

Results: In this study, a minichromosome 7RLmini was derived from the progeny of wheat-rye 7R monosomic addition line.

Berberine ameliorates inflammation by inhibiting MrgprB2 receptor-mediated activation of mast cell in mice.

Background: Berberine, an isoquinoline alkaloid, is known for anti-inflammatory activities. However, the research on the anti-inflammatory mechanism of berberine is not comprehensive. Recently, studies have shown that MrgprB2 (Mas-related G-protein-coupled receptor B2) in mice and MrgprX2 (Mas-related G-protein-coupled receptor X2) in humans play vital roles in inflammation.

Identification and validation of major and stable quantitative trait locus for falling number in common wheat (Triticum aestivum L.).

A major and stable QTL, QFn.sau-1B.2, which can explain 13.

20-HETE mediated TRPV1 activation drives allokinesis via MrgprA3 neurons in chronic dermatitis.

Noxious stimuli are often perceived as itchy in patients with chronic dermatitis (CD); however, itch and pain mechanisms of CD are not known. TRPV1 involvement in CD was analyzed using a SADBE induced CD-like mouse model, and several loss- and gain-of-function mouse models. Trigeminal TRPV1 channel and MrgprA3 neuron functions were analyzed by calcium imaging and whole-cell patch-clamp recordings.

Mechanisms involved in the antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory effects of xanthotoxin.

Xanthotoxin (XAT) is a natural furanocoumarin clinically used in the treatment of skin diseases such as vitiligo and psoriasis. Recent studies have also investigated its effects on anti-inflammatory, anti-cognitive dysfunction, and anti-amnesia as a guideline for clinic application. However, little is known about its effects on pain relief.

The different subtelomeric structure among 1RS arms in wheat-rye 1BL.1RS translocations affecting their meiotic recombination and inducing their structural variation.

Background: The 1RS arm of wheat-rye 1BL.1RS translocations contains several subtelomeric tandem repeat families. To study the effect of the difference in the composition of these tandem repeats on the meiotic recombination of 1RS arms can help to enrich the genetic diversity of 1BL.

Upregulation of glycolytic enzyme PFKFB3 by deubiquitinase OTUD4 promotes cardiac fibrosis post myocardial infarction.

Metabolic dysregulations have emerged as a major mediator of cardiovascular disorders and fibrotic diseases. Metabolic reprogramming contributes a lot to cardiac fibroblast activation and cardiac fibrosis post-myocardial infarction (MI), yet the mechanism remains incompletely understood. Our work aimed to determine whether or not glycolytic reprogramming, regulated by phosphofructokinase-2/fructose-2,6-bisphosphatase 3 (PFKFB3), is a therapeutic target for alleviating post-MI cardiac fibrosis.

Curcumin inhibits the pruritus in mice through mast cell MrgprB2 receptor.

Background: Curcumin is a diketone compound extracted from the rhizomes of some plants in the Zingiberaceae and Araceae family. It possesses a variety of biological activities, including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and anti-cancer properties. However, the cellular and molecular antipruritic mechanisms of curcumin remain to be explored.

Osthole relieves skin damage and inhibits chronic itch through modulation of Akt/ZO-3 pathway in atopic dermatitis.

Atopic dermatitis (AD) is the most prevalent chronic inflammatory skin condition and significantly reduces quality of life. Tight junction (TJ), which is located directly beneath the stratum corneum, maintains skin barrier function and aids in the identification of the cell's "territory". We evaluated seventeen TJ related genes to explore AD related alterations of TJ.

Allantoin induces pruritus by activating MrgprD in chronic kidney disease.

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a disease with decreased, irreversible renal function. Pruritus is the most common skin symptom in patients with CKD, especially in end-stage renal disease. The underlying molecular and neural mechanism of CKD-associated pruritus (CKD-aP) remains obscure.

Aconitine - A promising candidate for treating cold and mechanical allodynia in cancer induced bone pain.

Background And Aims: Patients suffering from cancer induced bone pain (CIBP) have a poor quality of life that is exacerbated by the lack of effective therapeutic drugs. Monkshood is a flowering plant that has been used in traditional Chinese medicine where it has been used to relieve cold pain. Aconitine is the active component of monkshood, but the molecular mechanism for how this compound reduces pain is unclear.

Capsaicin receptor TRPV1 maintains quiescence of hepatic stellate cells in the liver via recruitment of SARM1.

Background & Aims: Capsaicin receptor, also known as transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 (TRPV1), is involved in pain physiology and neurogenic inflammation. Herein, we discovered the presence of TRPV1 in hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) and aimed to delineate its function in this cell type and liver fibrosis.

Methods: TRPV1 expression was examined in liver biopsies from patients with liver fibrosis using quantitative real-time PCR and immunostaining.

Water extract of Notopterygium incisum alleviates cold allodynia in neuropathic pain by regulation of TRPA1.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Neuropathic pain can be debilitating and drastically affects the quality of life of those patients suffering from this condition. The Chinese herb Notopterygium incisum Ting ex H.T.

TRPA1 protects mice from pathogenic Citrobacter rodentium infection via maintaining the colonic epithelial barrier function.

Transient receptor potential ankyrin 1 (TRPA1) is expressed in gastrointestinal tract and plays important roles in intestinal motility and visceral hypersensitivity. However, the potential role of TRPA1 in host defense, particularly against intestinal pathogens, is unknown. Here, we show that Trpa1 knockout mice exhibited increased susceptibility to Citrobacter rodentium infection, associated with the increased severity of diarrhea and intestinal permeability associated with the disrupted tight junctions (TJs) in colonic epithelia.

Rutin ameliorates inflammatory pain by inhibiting P2X7 receptor in mast cells.

Rutin is a natural anti-inflammatory ingredient widely found in medicinal plants. Studies have shown that rutin inhibits mast cell degranulation and the release of inflammatory mediators. Mast cell P2X7 receptor mediates mast cell degranulation and serves as a therapeutic target for inflammatory pain.

Dictamnine ameliorates chronic itch in DNFB-induced atopic dermatitis mice via inhibiting MrgprA3.

Chronic itch is the most prominent feature of atopic dermatitis (AD), and antihistamine treatment is often less effective in reducing clinical pruritus severity in AD. Multiple studies have shown that histamine-independent itch pathway is thought to predominate in AD-induced chronic itch. Mas-related G-protein-coupled receptor (Mrgpr) A3 sensory neurons have been identified as one of the major itch-sensing neuron populations, and transient receptor potential (TRP) channel A1 is the key downstream of MrgprA3-mediated histamine-independent itch.

Mast cell stabilization: new mechanism underlying the therapeutic effect of intense pulsed light on rosacea.

Background: Rosacea, a chronic inflammatory disorder of the facial skin, is effectively treated by intense pulsed light (IPL).

Objective: To explore the potential molecular mechanism underlying the photobiomodulation effect of IPL for rosacea treatment.

Methods: Skin samples from patients with rosacea were subjected to histological and immunohistological staining.

Water Extract of Buch.-Ham Ameliorates Pruritus by Inhibiting MrgprB2 Receptor.

Background: Buch.-Ham () belongs to the Compositae family. As a Traditional Chinese medicine, has been used in China to treat conjunctivitis, mastitis and vaginitis, it also has the function of antibacterial and relieving itching.

Location of Tandem Repeats on Wheat Chromosome 5B and the Breakpoint on the 5BS Arm in Wheat Translocation T7BS.7BL-5BS Using Single-Copy FISH Analysis.

Wheat ( L.) is rich in tandem repeats, and this is helpful in studying its karyotypic evolution. Some tandem repeats have not been assembled into the wheat genome sequence.

Variations of wheat ( L.) chromosomes caused by the 5A chromosomes with complex cytological structure.

To study the effects of structural alterations of chromosomes caused by tandem repeats on the meiotic recombination, the wheat ( L.) 5A chromosomes with different structure from ten wheat cultivars were used to investigate their meiotic recombination using non-denaturing fluorescence hybridization (ND-FISH) technology. Fifteen cross combinations were carried out and they were divided into seven F categories.