Medication adherence and needs among patients with schizophrenia in China: a qualitative study.

Objectives: To explore the factors influencing medication adherence and the medication needs of patients with schizophrenia when living in a community in China.

Design: A qualitative study.

Setting: Community and psychiatric ward in Zhuhai city, Guangdong province.

α-amanitin induces hepatotoxicity via PPAR-γ inhibition and NLRP3 inflammasome activation.

Mushroom poisoning, predominantly caused by α-amanitin, is a critical food safety concern in worldwide, with severe cases leading to hepatotoxicity and fatalities. This study delves into the hepatotoxic effects of α-amanitin, focusing on the NLRP3 inflammasome and PPAR-γ's regulatory role in inflammation. In vitro studies with L-02 cells showed that α-amanitin reduces cell viability and triggers NLRP3 inflammasome activation, increasing NF-κB phosphorylation and pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-18 and IL-1β.

Unveiling the Dark Side of Flavonoid: Rutin Provokes Hepatotoxicity in Low-Dose 2-Amino-3-methylimidazo [4,5-] Quinoline-Exposed Mice via Regulating Gut Microbiota and Liver Metabolism.

2-Amino-3-methylimidazole [4,5-] quinoline (IQ) is a kind of heterocyclic amine (HCAs) with high carcinogenicity in hot processed meat. Rutin (Ru) is a flavonoid compound with anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties. However, whether Ru is scatheless under IQ-stimulated potential unhealthy conditions, especially liver function, in vivo, is unknown.

Integrated Effects of Water and Nitrogen Coupling on Eggplant Productivity, Fruit Quality, and Resource Use Efficiency in a Cold and Arid Environment.

In order to explore the water and fertilizer requirements of eggplants in the western oasis of the river, the experiment was conducted in Minle County of Gansu Province in 2022 and 2023 under three water stress gradients and three nitrogen application levels: (1) moderate water stress (W, 50-60% in field water capacity [FC]), mild water stress (W, 60-70% in FC), and full irrigation (W, 70-80% in FC); (2) low nitrogen (N, 215 kg·ha), medium nitrogen (N, 270 kg·ha), and high nitrogen (N, 325 kg·ha). Moderate and mild water stress were applied during eggplant flowering and fruiting while full irrigation was provided during the other growth stages; a control class (CK) was established with full irrigation throughout the whole plant growth without nitrogen application. This study investigated the effects of water-saving and nitrogen reduction on the yield, quality, and water-nitrogen use efficiency of eggplants in a cold and arid environment in the Hexi Oasis irrigation area of China.

MYC Overexpression Enhances Sensitivity to MEK Inhibition in Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma.

MEK inhibitors, such as trametinib, have shown therapeutic potential in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). However, the factors influencing cancer cell sensitivity and resistance to MEK inhibition remain poorly understood. In our study, we observed that MEK inhibition significantly reduced the expression of MYC, a transcription factor critical for the therapeutic response.

Adhesion Mechanism, Applications, and Challenges of Ocular Tissue Adhesives.

Corneal injury is prevalent in ophthalmology, with mild cases impacting vision and severe cases potentially resulting in permanent blindness. In clinical practice, standard treatments for corneal injury involve transplantation surgery combined with pharmacological therapy. However, surgical sutures exhibit several limitations, which can be overcome using tissue adhesives.

The Isolation of Lead-Tolerant PGPR from Red Clover Soil and Its Role in Promoting the Growth of Alfalfa.

Alfalfa ( L.) is an outstanding species used for the remediation of heavy metal-contaminated soil, and our previous research has shown that PGPR can promote plant growth under high-concentration lead stress. This discovery has forced scientists to search for PGPR strains compatible with alfalfa to develop an innovative bioremediation strategy for the remediation of lead-contaminated soil.

hnRNPH1 Inhibits Influenza Virus Replication by Binding Viral RNA.

During the life cycle of the influenza virus, viral RNPs (vRNPs) are transported to the nucleus for replication. Given that a large number of progeny viral RNA occupies the nucleus, whether there is any host protein located in the nucleus that recognizes the viral RNA and inhibits the viral replication remains largely unknown. In this study, to explore the role of hnRNPH1 in influenza virus infection, we knocked down and over-expressed the hnRNPH1 proteins in 293T cells, then infected the cells with the influenza virus.

Successful Traceability of Wildlife Samples Contributes to Wildlife Conservation: A Case Study of Tracing the Snub-Nosed Monkey ( spp.).

Rapid and effective methods for tracing the geographic origin of wildlife samples are essential for tackling the illegal wildlife trade. Traditional morphological categorization methods are often inadequate as relying on the mitochondrial COXI barcode is insufficient for determining geographic populations. To address these limitations, we developed a bioinformatics-based pipeline for the rapid identification of traceable nuclear genome loci.

Deciphering the Blood-Brain Barrier Paradox in Brain Metastasis Development and Therapy.

Gatekeeper or accomplice? That is the paradoxical role of the blood-brain barrier (BBB) in developing brain metastasis (BM). BM occurs when cancerous cells from primary cancer elsewhere in the body gain the ability to metastasize and invade the brain parenchyma despite the formidable defense of the BBB. These metastatic cells manipulate the BBB's components, changing them from gatekeepers of the brain to accomplices that aid in their progression into the brain tissue.

Molybdenum Can Regulate the Expression of Molybdase Genes, Affect Molybdase Activity and Metabolites, and Promote the Cell Wall Bio-Synthesis of Tobacco Leaves.

Molybdenum (Mo) is widely used as a micronutrient fertilizer to improve plant growth and soil quality. However, the interactions between cell wall biosynthesis and molybdenum have not been explored sufficiently. This study thoroughly investigated the regulatory effects of different concentrations of Mo on tobacco cell wall biosynthesis from physiological and metabolomic aspects.

Effect of Liquid Nitrogen Freezing on Maintaining the Quality of Crayfish During Freeze-Thaw Cycles: Muscle Structure and Myofibrillar Proteins Properties.

The quality of frozen crayfish () is challenged by freeze-thaw (FT) cycles during storage. The effect of freezing methods on the quality of crayfish during FT cycles was investigated by comparing physicochemical properties, microstructure, and myofibrillar protein (MPs) properties. Three methods were used for crayfish freezing, including air convective freezing (AF) at -20 °C and -50 °C, as well as liquid nitrogen freezing (LNF) at -80 °C.

A machine learning based algorithm accurately stages liver disease by quantification of arteries.

A major histologic feature of cirrhosis is the loss of liver architecture with collapse of tissue and vascular changes per unit. We developed qVessel to quantify the arterial density (AD) in liver biopsies with chronic disease of varied etiology and stage. 46 needle liver biopsy samples with chronic hepatitis B (CHB), 48 with primary biliary cholangitis (PBC) and 43 with metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) were collected at the Shuguang Hospital.

The Impact of Aflatoxin B1 on Animal Health: Metabolic Processes, Detection Methods, and Preventive Measures.

Aflatoxin (AF) is a toxic metabolite produced by the fungus Aspergillus. The various subtypes of AFs include B1, B2, G1, G2, M1, and M2, with Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) being the most toxic. These AFs are widespread in the environment, particularly in soil and food crops.

Transcriptome analysis reveals potential medicinal ingredient synthesis in ornamental Dendrobium.

Dendrobium is divided into ornamental and medicinal varieties due to ornamental and medicinal values. However, current research mainly focuses on medicinal Dendrobium, with less study on the medicinal value of ornamental Dendrobium. We analyzed the microstructures, active components of the stems from twelve ornamental Dendrobium, and explored the biosynthetic networks of these active components based on transcriptome sequencing.

Semaphorin 3s signaling in the central nervous system: Mechanisms and therapeutic implication for brain diseases.

Class 3 semaphorins (Sema3s), identified as secreted soluble proteins, present many therapeutic potentials. Recent evidence has suggested that Sema3s as molecular cue participate in neuroregulation, angiogenesis, and microenvironment homeostasis of the central nervous system. Moreover, Sema3s signaling pathways may be targeted for enhancing neural network connectivity, promoting neural regeneration and repair, and inhibiting pathological angiogenesis.

High-resolution spatially resolved proteomics of complex tissues based on microfluidics and transfer learning.

Despite recent advances in imaging- and antibody-based methods, achieving in-depth, high-resolution protein mapping across entire tissues remains a significant challenge in spatial proteomics. Here, we present parallel-flow projection and transfer learning across omics data (PLATO), an integrated framework combining microfluidics with deep learning to enable high-resolution mapping of thousands of proteins in whole tissue sections. We validated the PLATO framework by profiling the spatial proteome of the mouse cerebellum, identifying 2,564 protein groups in a single run.

Establishment of critical values for AMH screening with PCOS based on restricted cubic spline plots.

Background: The aim is to develop age-specific anti-Müllerian hormone screening criteria for polycystic ovary syndrome to facilitate the early detection and diagnosis of the condition, and to subsequently evaluate the screening criteria.

Methods: A retrospective analysis was performed on patient data from Hangzhou Women's Hospital between July 2021 and August 2024. The use of restricted cubic spline analysis helped identify age-related inflection points, which were crucial for segmenting the patient population.

Chain of Risks Evaluation (CORE): A framework for safer large language models in public mental health.

Large language models (LLMs) have gained significant attention for their capabilities in natural language understanding and generation. However, their widespread adoption potentially raises public mental health concerns, including issues related to inequity, stigma, dependence, medical risks, and security threats. This review aims to offer a perspective within the actor-network framework, exploring the technical architectures, linguistic dynamics, and psychological effects underlying human-LLMs interactions.

Association Between Urinary Metal Levels and Chronic Kidney Dysfunction in Rural China: A Study on Sex-Specific Differences.

Background: While current epidemiological studies have documented associations between environmental metals and renal dysfunction, the majority have concentrated on plasma metal levels. The relationship between urinary metal exposure and chronic kidney disease (CKD) remains contentious, particularly within specific demographic groups.

Methods: This cross-sectional study included 2919 rural Chinese adults recruited between 2018 and 2019.

Genome-Wide Genomic Analysis and Evolutionary Insights into Bovine Coronavirus Strains in Southwest China.

The global epidemic of bovine coronavirus (BCoV) has caused enormous economic losses. The characterisation and genetic composition of endemic strains in Southwest China remain elusive. This study aimed to fill this gap by isolating three BCoV strains from this region and sequencing their whole genomes.

Enhanced Immunogenicity of Foot-and-Mouth Disease Virus-like Particles Using a Water-in-Oil-in-Water Adjuvant.

Background: Foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) causes significant economic losses, prompting vaccination as a primary control strategy. Virus-like particles (VLPs) have emerged as promising candidates for FMD vaccines but require adjuvants to enhance their immunogenicity. In this study, we evaluated the immunogenicity of a VLP-based vaccine with a water-in-oil-in-water (W/O/W) emulsion adjuvant, named WT.

'Two in One' Cloning Vector Applied for Blunt-End and T-A Cloning with One-Step Digestion-Ligation and Screening of Positive Recombinants by Unaided Eyes.

To clone DNA sequences quickly and precisely into plasmids is essential for molecular biology studies. Some cloning vectors have been developed for the cloning of PCR products, including blunt-end and T-A cloning. However, different plasmids are required for the cloning of PCR products with blunt ends and 3' A overhang ends.

Self-Assembled Peptide Hydrogels PPI45 and PPI47: Novel Drug Candidates for Infection Treatment.

, a prevalent zoonotic pathogen, poses a significant threat to skin wound infections. This study evaluates the bactericidal efficacy of self-assembled peptide hydrogels, PPI45 and PPI47, derived from the defensin-derived peptide PPI42, against ATCC43300. The high-level preparation of PPI45 and PPI47 was achieved with yields of 1.